2022年大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总,推荐文档 .pdf

三级语法考点归纳一虚拟语气1. if 句中虚拟形式if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）：条件从句主句与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do 与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do 与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done 例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time. If they hadnt gone on vacation, their house wouldnt have been broken (break) into.2. 原形虚拟：a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire that (should) do 例如 He suggested that we should leave early. My suggestion is that we should tell him. b. It is (was) 形容词 /名词 that (should) do/例如 It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first. 3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式：1. Its (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) 动词过去时 例如 It s time we left. 例如 It is time we went to bed. 2 would rather/sooner 宁愿as if/ though 好像would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反4练习1. I _ try it again if I_you. A. will ； am B. should； am C. would； were D. would； had been 2. If it _ not for the water， the plants _live. A. were； would not B. is； could not C. were； could D. did；could not 3. If I _ that chance to show my ability, I _the president of this school. A. have not had ； could not become B. had not had； would not have 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - become C. did not have； could not become D. doesn t have；will not become 4. He _ by that burglar if you _ to save him. A. might have been killed； hadnt come B. will be killed ； didnt come C. may be killed；did t come D. could be killed；haven t come 5. If it _for your help， I _that hard time with so little money. A. were not； would not spend B. is not； can not spend C. had not been ； would not have spent D. have not been ； will not spend 6. Where _ you go if war _? A. will ； breaks out B. do； will break out C. would； were to break out D. will ； is to break out 7. She wishes she _ that humiliating thing. A. doesnt do B. didnt do C. haven t done D. hadnt done 8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _ put off. A. can be B. be C. is D. will be 9. It is vital that he _ immediately. A. should go B. must go C. goes D. went 10. It is time we _do our homework. A. begin to B. can begin to C. began to D. will begin to 答案：1.选 C。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设 ) (译文; 如果我是你，我会再试一次 ) 2 选 A。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设 )。(译文：要是没有水，植物就不能存活。 ) 3. 选 B。表示与过去事实相反的假设。4 A。表示与过去事实相反的假设。(译文：要不是你来救他，他早就被那个窃贼杀了。 ) 5. C。与过去事实相反的假设。 (译：要没有你帮忙，我那点儿钱是无法度过那段艰苦岁月的。 ) 6.选 C。表示与将来事实相反的假设。 (译文：要是战争爆发了， 你会上哪儿去？ ) 7.选 D。 虚拟语气用于宾语从句。 (译文： 她真希望自己没有做过那件丢脸的事情。) 8. 选 B。虚拟语气用于表示“建议”等意义的动词后。(译文：主席建议会议延期举行。 ) 9. 选 A。虚拟语气用于主语从句(It is was + 形容词 + that 引导的分句 )。10. 选 C。虚拟语气用于定语从句It is time (that).句型。(译文：我们该开始做作业了。 ) 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 二动词的时态1. 各个时态动词基本变形一般现在时be(is,am,are) do/does 现在进行时be (is/am/are)+ doing 现在完成时have/has done 现在完成进行时have/has been doing 一般过去时was/were did 过去进行时was/were doing 过去完成时had done 过去完成进行时had been doing 一般将来时will do 将来进行时will do 将来完成will have done 将来完成进行时will have been doing 一般过去将来时would do 过去将来进行时would be doing 过去将来完成时would have done 过去将来完成进行时would have been doing 2. 时间状语与动词时态的搭配一定的时态往往和一定的时间状语连用。always ,usually, sometimes, 一般现在时do/does am is are last week, yesterday, a few days ago 一 般 过 去 时did was/ were next week, tomorrow, in a week, this year 一般将来时will do now, at present, at this moment 现在进行时be +doing so far, up to now, by the time, since 的主句现在完成时has/have done 3. 练习，用动词的适当形式填空1. He _ (be) eighteen next year. 2. It _ (rain) every day so far this month. 3. Mozart _ (write) more than 600 pieces of music. 4. If it _ (rain) tomorrow，well have to stay at home. 5. How fast _ he _ (drive) when the accident happened? 6. By the time Mr. Smith left school ，he _ (teach) that course for twenty-five years. 7. Perhaps he _ (finish) reading the book by this time tomorrow. 1. 填 will be 。 next year为表示将来时态的时间状语2. 填 has rained 。so far 是“到目前为止”的意思，常和现在完成时搭配使用。3. 填 wrote。Mozart (莫扎特 )是已去世的音乐家，故应使用过去时。4. 填 rains。在条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情。5. 填 was.driving。 表示过去某一时刻发生的动作要用过去进行时。6. 填 had taught 。句中有 by the time Mr. Smith left school ，主语的谓语应用过去名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 完成时。7. 填 will have finished 。 句中有 by this time tomorrow ，主语的谓语应用将来完成时。三 动词的被动语态1. 各个时态的被动语态时态一般现在时现在进行时一般过去时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时现在完成进行时将来完成时主动do am/is/are doing did was/ were doing will do would do has/ have done had done has/ have been doing will have done 被动am/is/are done am/is/are being done was/ were done was/ were being done will be done would be done has/ have been done had been done will have been done1. The construction of the library_ before the end of next month. A. must have completed B. must have been completed C. must be completed D. must complete 2. The subject of these lectures _ by the lecture committee. A. announces B. have been announced C. announced D. has been announced 3. My pictures _ until next week. A. wont develop B. arent developing C. dont develop D. wont be developed 4. They _ so that we wouldn t recognize them. A. costumed B. disguised C. were disguising D.were disguised 5. All the apparatus ( 器械) _ before the experiment began. A. had been prepared B. were prepared C. had been prepared D. had prepared 6. The world s supplies of copper _ . A. have been gradually being exhausted B. has gradually exhausted C. are gradually exhausted D. are being gradually exhausted 7. The goods _ when we arrived at the airport. A. were just unloading B. were just being unloaded C. had just unloaded D. were just been unloaded 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 8. Tom _ the best student in his class. A. regards B. regards as C. has regarded as D. is regarded as 9. The sports meeting _ because of the bad weather. A. put off B. was put off C. was putted off D. has put off 1. C。情态动词的被动语态为：情态动词+be+done 。(译：到下月底图书馆的修建必须完工 ) 2. D 现在完成时的被动语态为： have been+done ( 译：讲座的课题已由讲座委员会宣布了。 ) 3. D。一般将来时的被动语态为： will be+done，其否定形式为： will not be +done 4. D 一般过去时的被动语态为was/were+过去分词 (译:为了不让我们认出来 ,他们伪装了起来 ) 5. C。过去完成时的被动语态的构成为：had been+ 过去分词。6. D 现在进行时的被动语态为：are/is/am being+过去分词。 (译:世界的铜资源正逐渐被耗尽 ) 7. B。过去进行时的被动语态为：waswere being+过去分词。 (译:我们到机场时正在卸货物。 ) 8. D。 (译文：汤姆被认为是班里最好的学生。) 9. B。(译文：运动会因天气不好被取消了。) 四 定语从句1.定语从句（ Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常紧跟在先行词后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有： who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有： when, where, why 等。例题： The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds，_ could go penniless by next year. A. the large one B. the larger of which C. the largest one D. the largest of which 选 B。因为前面有 two，所以不能选 D， A 没有连接手段，也不能选。三级试题中定语从句的考题：1、I tried to get of the business _ I found impossible to carry on. A) why B)which C)what D)where 2、Once more I have to leave Beijing , _ I have been living for eight years. A) that B)where C)which D)as 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 3、This book is designed for the leaners_native languages are not English. A)whose B)which C)who D)what 4、She got to know the young man very well_she had worked for so long. A)to whom B)in whom C)whom D)with whom 5、The hotel_during the vacation was rather poorly managed. A)as I stayed B)where I stayed C)which I stayed D)what I stayed 6、There are so many dresses there that I really don t know_to choose. A)whether B)when C)which D)why 7、I think that Anna is_far the most active member in our group. A)with B)at C)as D)by 五倒装1. 当 only 放在句首，表示强调时，要用倒装例：Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法，你才可以解决这个问题。Only yesterday did I finish the book. 到昨天我才读完那本书。2. 具有否定意义的副词或词组用于句首，要用倒装。常见的否定词有：never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, not until, by no means, not only, neither, no sooner, hardly 等。例句： Never shall I forget the days when you were with us. 1、Olny when we had finished all the work_that it was too late to take a bus home. A)did we realize B)informing C)informed D)to inform 2、Not until the day before yesterday_to give a speech at the meeting. A)he agreed B)does he agree C)he agrees D)did he agree 3、Young_he is, he has proved to be an able sale sman. A)that B)who C)as D)which 4、Not until yesterday_anything about the project that will be completed soon. A)did I learn B)have I learnt C)I learnt D)that I learnt 5、He is used to flying by air and on no occasion_frightened. A)he has ever felt B)he ever feels C)ever does he feel D)has he ever felt 6、So_after she learned the good news that she could hardly fall asleep that night. A)excited the mother was B)was the mother excited C)the mother was excited D)excited was the mother 7、So loudly_that people could hear it out in the street. A)did the students play the music B)the students playing the 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - music C)the students played the music D)have the students played the music 六it 的用法1.it 作形式主语或者形式宾语It is necessary for us to learn English. it 这里指代 to learn English It was not very clear what she meant. it 这里指代what she meant 2. it 在强调句型强调句型的结构为：It is/was +被强调部分 + that(who) +句子的其余部分练习 1. It was only when I read his poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty. A. until B. that C. then D. so 选 B。 强调句型强调 when引导的时间状语从句。2.It was about 600 years ago _the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. A. that B. until C. before D. when 选 A。 强调句型强调时间状语。七形容词比较级比较级最高级1.不规则变法good/well better best bad worse worst many/much more most little less least 2. 形容词比较级结构(1) 形容词 +than 例句： Real friendship is more valuable than money. (2) the +形容词比较级，the + 形容词比较级例句： The more medicine I take 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 14 页，共 14 页 - - - - - - - - -