2022年小升初英语动词专项.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载动词一动词的概念；动词表示主语的动作或状态的词；如：I read Englih every day. 表示动作）It is autumn. 表示状态）The old man is carryinng a heavy box. 表示动作）二动词的种类；动词情态动词感官类can,may,must,need,would be 动词is,am,are,was,werefeel,smell,sound,taste,look连系动词存在连续类keep,stay,appear实义动词become,get,turn,grow变化类hear,say,read,write be 动词的用法我是 am, 你是 are,is 跟着他,她和它,复数人称都用are. 如：I am a student. You are a teacher. My father and mother are workers. 连系动词的用法名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 38 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载（1）连系动词一般不用于现在进行时；如：误： The cloth is feeling soft. 正： The cloth feels soft. 2连系动词不用副词来修饰,其后跟形容词做表语；如：误： You should keep quietly in the hospital. 情态动词的用法正： You should keep quiet in the hospital. 考点 1.can 和 could 的用法；表示才能,意为“ 能,会”；She can drive, but she cant ride a bi ke. 她会开车,但不会骑自行车；I hope to offer you some useful advice. 我期望给你一些有用的建议；He can give you some books. 他能给你一些书；表示恳求或答应,意为“ 可以”；Can I use your telephone ？我能用下你的电话吗？情态动词的用法 You can go now. 你现在可以走了；We can ask her for help. 我们可以向她寻求帮忙； could 是 can 的过去式,表示过去的才能；I could swim all the way across the lake ,but I cant now. 我以前可以游过这片湖,但现在不能了；He could cook when he was young. 他年轻时会做饭；He could be saved, but he wasnt sent to hospital in time. 他原本可以获救的,但他没有被准时送到医院；表示恳求时, could 的语气比can更加委婉,确定回答用can,名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 38 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载而不用 could；- Could you lend your car to me. 你可以把你的车借给我吗？- Of course, I can. 当然,可以；考点 2：may 和 might 的用法；表示恳求或答应, 意为“ 可以” ；其否定回答用mustnt 或 cant,意为“ 不行以、不答应、禁止”,不行用 may not；You may go home now. 你现在可以回家了；May I have a word with you ,please？我能跟你讲话吗 . May I have it . 我能拥有它吗？-May I go now. 我现在可以走了吗？-No, you mustn t. 不,不行以；表示估计,意为“ 可能、或许”,用于确定句中；He may be at home. 他可能在家里；They may come tomorrow. 他们明天可能会来； might 是 may 的过去式,表示估计时,可能性比 may 小；He might go to see the doctor. 他可能去看医生了；She might get angry with you. 她可能生你气了；考点 3：must的用法； 表示必需,否定式为mustnt,意为“ 禁止”；I must go now. 我现在必需走了；We must study hard. 我们必需努力学习；名师归纳总结 You mustn t play with fire.你肯定不能玩火；第 3 页,共 38 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 表示估计,意为“ 肯定”精选资料欢迎下载can t；,只用于确定句中,否定句中用The man over there must be my father. 那边那个男的肯定是我爸爸；The light is on. Someone must be at home. 灯亮着,家里肯定有人；That girl on the playground can t be my sister, because she has gone abroad. 那个女孩肯定不是我姐姐,由于她到国外去了；以 must 开头的疑问句,确定回答用must,而否定回答就用needn t 或 don t have to,意为“ 不需要、 不必” ,而不能用 mustn t；-Must I hand in the homework now. 我需要立刻交作业吗？-No, you needn t / don t have to. 不,你不需要；考点 4：need的用法； need 作情态动词用时,没有人称和数的变化,直接接动词原形,只用于否定句和疑问句中,构成否定句和疑问句时不用助动词；用need 提问时,确定回答用must,否定回答用needn t；You needn t do it. 你不需要做那件事；-Need I come here tomorrow. 我明天需要来吗？-Yes, you must / No, you needn tdon t have to . 是的,你必需来；/不,你不必； need 作行为动词时,有人称和数的变化,可用于确定句、否定 句或疑问句中,构成否定句和疑问句时要用助动词 do, does, did；The boy needs the parents 这个孩子需要父母的爱；The flowers in the park needed a lot of water. 花园里的花需要许多水；考点 5：shall 和 should的用法； shall 用于第一人称,表示征求对方看法；Shall I open the window. 我可以打开窗户吗？名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 38 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载Shall we have lunch at a restaurant. 让我们在餐馆吃午饭好吗？ shall 用于其次、三人称时,表示警告、命令、承诺等；Everyone shall keep silent during the meeting. 会议期间每个人都要保持寂静；My father shall buy me a new bicycle on my birthday. 我爸爸会在我生日的时候给我买辆新的自行车； should 用来表示义务、责任,意为“ 应当”；We should obey the traffic rules. 我们应当遵守交通规章；The children should listen to their parents. 考点 6：will 和 would 的用法； will 表示恳求、询问或意愿；孩子应当听父母的话；Will you help me with my English. 你可以帮我学习英语吗？He will do anything for his family. 他情愿为自己的家庭做任何事； would 用来表示过去的意愿或委婉的询问；When I was young, I would do a lot of hard work.当我年轻的时候,我情愿做许多艰苦的工作；Would you please tell me how to get to the zoo. 物园吗？你能告知我怎么去动Would you like to come to my party. 你情愿来参与我的晚会吗？考点 7：情态动词用法易混点； can 和 be able to 表示才能时, can 只用于一般现在时和一般过去时,其他时态要用be able to；另外,表示胜利做成某事时,用 be able to；名师归纳总结 Tom couldnt ride the bike, but now he can.汤姆以前不会骑自行车,第 5 页,共 38 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载但是现在会了；He will be able to came back in three days. 再过三天他就可以回来了；A big fire took place in the house, but all the people were able to escape from it. 房子起大火了,但是全部人都胜利逃脱了； must 和 have to 均表示 “ 必需” ,但 must 强调主观意愿, have to强调客观需要；We must study hard at school. 在学校我们必需努力学习；The sun is setting and I have to go home. 太阳要落山了,我必需回家了； could, would, might 等有时并不表示过去,而是表示委婉客气的语气；Could I use your pen. 我可以用你的笔吗？Would you mend the bike for me. 你可以帮我修下自行车吗？ 实义动词的用法实义动词一般在句子中做谓语,有人称,时态的变化；实义动词可以单独用作谓语；如：I like English. The child is playing the piano. 动词的基本形式英语动词有五种基本形式,即动词原形,第三人称单数,过去式,现在分词和过去分词；动词原形用于固定用法和一般现在时中主语非三单,第三人称单数用于一般现在时中主语为三单,过去式用于一般过去时,现在分词用于进行时,过去分词用于完成时和被动语态；（1）动词原形变第三人称单数的规章,与名词变复数的规章大致一样：名师归纳总结 规就例词第 6 页,共 38 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载一般的动词在词尾加-s works,reads,looks,lives 以 s,x,ch,sh,o 结尾的单词在词尾加-es finishes,guesses,catches,goes,mixes 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词,变 y 为 i,加 es flies,studies,carries 以元音字母加 y 结尾的动词,直接加 s stays,plays 特 殊 has 2 现在分词规 就 例 词一般情形直接在词尾加-ing working,reading,looking 以不发音的 e 结尾的动词去 e 加-ing smiling,moving,taking,writing 以字母 y 结尾的直接加 -ing carrying,studying 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母sitting,digging,cutting,planning,shopping, 动词,要双写末尾字母加-ing ie 改为 y 加 ing stopping,swimming 以字母 ie 结尾的动词,将die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying 3 动词的过去式（规章变化）规就例词名师归纳总结 一般在词尾加 -ed d worked, asked,jumped 第 7 页,共 38 页以 e 结尾的动词直接加closed,liked,agreed - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料欢迎下载studied,carried,tried 以辅音字母加y 的动词,变y 为 i,加 -ed 以元音字母加y 的动词,直接加ed played,stayed 以重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母的stopped,shopped, 动词,双写末尾字母加-ed planned,dropped 不规章动词过去式（1）cost cost 花费（35 ）bring brought 带来名师归纳总结 （2）cut cut 切割（36 ）buy bought 买第 8 页,共 38 页（3）hit hit 打击（37 ）fight fought 打架（4）hurt hurt 损害（38 ）think thought 认为（5）let let 让放（39 ）catch caught 抓住（6）put put （40 ）teach taught 教（7）read read 读（41 ）lend lent 借给（8）drive drove 驾驶（42 ）send sent 送（9）ride rode 骑（43 ）spend spent 花费（10）write wrote 写（44 ）build built 建筑（11）win won 赢（45 ）smell smelt 闻起来- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 （12）get 精选资料欢迎下载meet met 遇见第 9 页,共 38 页got 得到（46 ）（13）become became 变得（47 ）feel felt 感觉（14）come came 来（48 ）keep kept 保持（15）run ran 跑（49 ）sleep slept 睡觉（16）begin began 开头（50 ）sweep swept 打扫（17）drink drank 喝（51 ）leave left 离开（18）ring rang 打电话（52 ）stand stood 站（19）sing sang 唱歌（53 ）take took 带走（20）swim swam 游泳（54 ）forget forgot 遗忘（21）give gave 给（55 ）sell sold 卖（22）sit sat 坐（56 ）tell told 告知（23）grow grew 生长（57 ）have had 有（24）know knew 知道（58 ）hear heard 听说（25）throw threw 扔（59 ）make made 制作（26）draw drew 画画（60 ）find found 发觉（27）fall fell 落下（61 ）pay paid 支付（28）blow blew 吹（62 ）say said 说（29）do did 做（63 ）eat ate 吃- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 （30）fly flew 飞精选资料欢迎下载see saw 看到是第 10 页,共 38 页（64 ）（31）wear wore 穿（65 ）lose lost 失去（32）go went 去（66 ）lie lay 躺（33）speak spoke 说（67 ）are were （34）break broke 打断（68 ）am,is was 是- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载三,动词的时态当我们说时态结构的时候,指的是相应时态下的动词形式,也就是说时态表达在谓语动词的不同形式变化上；下表简洁说明白各个时态谓语动词的不同结构变化：（注：表中 do 代表动词）时态 时态定义 谓语动词变化 时态标志词 表示说话的 此时此刻 正在进行的动作或事情；1.Now,Look, .Listen, . 现She is singing in the gym. 2.Where is sb. 在 表 示 即 将 到 来 或 很 快 发 生 be 动词 + 现在分词-Sb. is/are doing. 进 的 事 , 常 有 “ 意 图 ” “安 排 ”或 “ 准备 ”的 含 义, 这 样 给 人（ be+动词 ing）3.-Be quiet. Sb. is/are doing. 行 一种期望感；4.-What are you doing. 时 The train is leaving. 表示当前或现阶段事物的状态、主语 +动词三单形式一特点；主 语 三She goes 1.often、 sometimes、 usually、 always、She is a good student. 人 称 单数She doesnt go 表示常常性、 习惯性、 规律性的Does she go never 般动作；主语 + 动词原形2.every day（months、years ）现She often goes to school at 9:30. 3.once a weekmonth,year. 在表示客观真理、 客观存在、 客观主 语 非I go 4.twice a weekmonth,year. 事实；时5.on MondaysTuesdays.三单I dont go The earth moves around the 一sun. Do you go. 1.this morning、表示过去某一时间发生的动作、动词过去式：动词+ed 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 38 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 般大事；精选资料欢迎下载2.yesterday,.ago、talked 过不规章的动词过去式3.last year/month/week 去4.just nowwent 时一表示准备、 方案或意图要做的动be going to+动词原形1.tomorrow、般will+动词原形2.next week/month/week 将作或大事；3.in+时间段来时一般现在时练习一写出以下动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ stay _ make _ look _ have_ pass_ carry _ come_ watch_ plant_ fly _ study_ brush_ do_ teach_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空；1. He often _have dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _be in Class One. 3. We _not watch TV on Monday. 4. Nick _not go to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _like the World Cup. 6. What _they often _do on Saturdays. 7. _ your parents _read newspapers every day. 8. The girl _teach us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _take a walk together every evening. 10. There _be some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _like cooking. 12. They _have the same hobby. 13. My aunt _look after her baby carefully. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 38 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载14. You always _do your homework well. 15. I _be ill. Im staying in bed. 16. She _go to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _do not like PE. 18. The child often _watch TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _have eight lessons this term. 20.What day _be it today. Its Saturday. 三依据要求改写句子；1. Daniel watches TV every evening. 改为否定句 _ 2. I do my homework every day. 改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 _ 3. She likes milk.改为一般疑问句,作确定回答 _ 4. Amy likes playing computer games. 改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 _ 5. We go to school every morning. 改为否定句 _ 6. He speaks English very well. 改为否定句 _ 7. I like taking photos in the park. 对划线部分提问 _ 8. John comes from Canada. 对划线部分提问 _ 9. She is always a good student. 改为一般疑问句,作否定回答 _ 10. Simon and Daniel like going skating. 改为否定句 _ 四改错 划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上 1. Is your brother speak English. _ 2. Does he likes going fishing. _ 3. He likes play games after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 第 13 页,共 38 页名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _ 五、将以下动词改成其第三人称单数形式；1.have 2.carry 3.walk 4.wash 5.study 6.sit 7.look 8.live 9.miss 10.go 11.do 12.fly 13.watch 14.make 15.catch 16.stop 17.take 18.pull 19.push 20.jump 六、用 be 动词的适当形式填空；1.I Xiao Ming.I nine years old. in the same class. 第 14 页,共 38 页2.Dick a singer. 3.Excuse me, you a teacher. 4.Tom and Lucy good friends.They 5.What day it today. 6.It not a penguin（企鹅） . 7.There boxes too heavy for me. 8.There a tree on the hill. 9.There many birds in the sky. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 10.My name Martin.I 精选资料欢迎下载from Australia. 七、用括号内动词的一般现在时形式填空；1.He get up at six oclock. 2.He studyhard. 3.Danny sometimes go to school by bike. 4.The earth go around the sun. 5.It seldom rain here in summer. 6.My shirt bedirty.And it need washing. 7.A bird fly with wings. 8.Mike always help the old man. 9.We start school today. 10.Dad doesnt like butter and cheese. 11.Miss Liu teach us English. 12.His father do housework, his mother work in an office. 13.The sun rise in the east. 14.Mary usually get up early in the morning. 15.the rabbit jump high. Yes,it . 八、单项挑选； 1. his uncle any books. 第 15 页,共 38 页 A.DO; have B.Doe; has C.Does; has D.Does; have 2.My mother every morning. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载A.ran B.run C.runs D.runs 3.Lily well in English. A.dont do B.doesnt do C.isnt do D.do 4.it often rain in spring. Yes.it . A.Does; does B.Did; did C.Does; do C.Do; do 5.He usually to the park on Sundays. A.go B.goes C.went D.going 6.Where your friend live. She in Beijing. A.do; live B.does; lives C.is; live D.does; live 7.their mother watch TV at nine. No, she . A.Do; don t B.Does; dont C.Does; doesn t D.Do; do 8.he have any brothers sisters. Sorry, I dont know. A.Do; or B.Do; or 第 16 页,共 38 页C.Does; and D.Does;or 9.The Greens a big party on Saturdays. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载A.have B.had C.will have D.has 10.They usually TV in the evening. A.watches B.watch C.are watching D.watched 11.I ill. Im staying in bed. A.was B.were C.am D.is 12.Do you maths lesson every day. A.have B.to have C.having D.has 13.Mr Zhang Chinese this term. A.teaches our B.teaches us C.teachs us D.teach our 14.The earth around the sun.