2022年八年级上册英语第三单元知识点详解汇总.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Unit3 Im more outgoing than my sister 一、重点短语归纳1.talk about 谈论 opposite 另一方面 边 2.in some ways 在某些方面 18. after that 自那以后3.more than 超过,多于 19.be good with=get on well with 和 4.things in common 共同之处 相处得好5.be good at sth.=do well in sth. 20.around China=all over China 全中国善于于 sth. 21.use sth. to do sth.=do sth. with sth.6.not as as （不）如 一 用 来做 样 22.As you can see. 正如你所见到的那样 . 7 have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的 23.more than one sister 不只一个姐妹乐趣 24.have good grades 有好成果8.make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 25.opposite views and interests 对立的9.look the same 看起来一样 观点和爱好10.talk to/with 和 谈话 26.enjoy telling jokes 宠爱讲笑话11.stop doing sth. 停止做某事 27.stay at home and read 呆在家里看书12.stop to do sth 停下来接着做某事 28.get the job 得到这份工作13.begin / start with 以 开头 29.do the same thing as sb. 跟某人做一14.end with 以 终止 样的事情15.in the middle of 在 中间 30.each other 相互16.a swimming pool 游泳池 31.enjoy oneself = have great fun = have 17.on the other hand =on the a good time 1 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 44. bring out 使显现；使表现出玩得兴奋 45. get better grades 取得更好的成果32.spend sometime in doing sth. 46. reach for 伸手取= spend sometime on sth. 47. in fact 事实上；实际上花时间做某事 48. make friends with sb 和某人交伴侣33.plan to do sth. 方案做某事 49. touch ones heart 感动某人34.on a farm 在农场 50. be talented in music 有音乐天赋35. more outgoing 更外向 51. be good at doing sth 善于做某事36. the singing competition 唱歌比 52. be good with 善于与 相处赛 53.play the drums 打鼓37. be similar to 与 相像的 / 类 54.run fast 跑得快似 55.jump high 跳得高38. be the same as 和 相同；56.work as hard as sb. 和某人一样努力工与 一样 作39. be different from 与 不同 57.get up early 早起床40. care about 关怀；介意 58.sing well 唱得好41.be like a mirror 像一面镜子 59.the one with shorter hair 头发较短42. the most important 最重要的 的那个43. as long as 只要；既然 60.primary school 学校二重点语法1. I m more outgoing than my sister. 我比我妹妹更外向；【解析】 outgoing a . tg . . . adj. 对人友好的,开朗的；2 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - （比较级： more outgoing, 最高级 most outgoing） Jason is _ than most of kids in my class. He is very active. A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. much outgoing D. the most outgoing 2. But you can tell that Lisa Practiced a lot more and really wanted to win. 但是你可以说莉萨 练习得跟多并真的想获胜；【解析】 win vi. 获胜, 胜利【拓展】 beat 和 win（1）beat 是及物动词,后接竞赛、战役、辩论等的对手,可以是人或集体； I can beat you at swimming.在游泳方面我能击败你（2）win 既是及物动词又是不及物动词但是作及物动词时, 后面一般接后接比赛、战役、辩 论、奖品、钱等,可以是事或者物；Which team do you think will win the basketball match this time. 你认为哪个队会在这次篮球赛中取胜呢？【记】 We won the match and we beat them by the score of 5 to 3. The girls _the boys in yesterdays match. He decided to _the match. They didn t _ the basketball match. We _ them 24-20. A. win; beat B. beat; win C. win; win D. beat; beat 3. 【解析】 quiet adj 安静的 quietly kwa. .tl . adv 轻声地3 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 【记】 She said to me quietly that I should be quiet. We approached 靠近 the birds _quiet and watched them. The mother walked into the room _ in order not to wake up her baby. A. quickly B. quietly C. heavily D. fast 4. I think she sang more clearly than Nelly. 我认为她唱得比内莉更清晰；【解析】 clearly kl . .l . adv 清晰地,明白地As times goes, my grandmother canto. t see as _清晰 as she used We dont want to speak badly or _ in front of the class. A. clearly B. carefully C.carelessly D. properly 【拓展】 adj + ly =adv quiet quietly usual usually different differently real really I can t hear you _. Can you speak _. A. clear; loudly B. clearly; loud C. clearly; loudly D. clear; loud 5. I m getting better,though. 尽管如此,我们打得比以前更好了； adv. better 更好,此处是副词well 的比较级,它也是形容词good 的比较级；且 good 和 well 的最高级都是 best ； This coat looks better than that one. （good 的比较级）名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 这件外套看起来比那件好； Mary learns English better than I. 玛丽的英语学得比我好；·学问拓展 - 相关句型 / 结构（well 的比较级） had better not do sth.“ 最好（别）做某事” ；如： You d better not be late again. 你最好别再迟到了；【解析】 better bet. adj.更好的（ good 和 well 的比较级）；更娴熟的；好的；健康的. Is your headache getting_. No, Its worse. A.better B.bad C.less D.well . He was chosen to be a volunteer of the Olympic Games. Great. No one speaks English _ him. A. as beautiful as B. as badly as C. worse than D. better than .though 意为“ 然而； 但是” ,表示转折关系,常放于句尾, 用逗号隔开,而 however 可位于句首、句中或句末,常用逗号隔开； However,You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win 【解析】 though e .u conj. 虽然,尽管；即使；纵然；引导让步状语从句,= although . 不能跟 but 连用；（）Tony still went to school _ he had caught a bad cold. A. and B. because C. though D. So 6. Whos more hard-working at school. 在学校谁更努力？.hard-working 5 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - adj. “ 努力工作的,勤奋的”如：Hes a hard-working boy.他是个勤奋的男孩；留意：与 hard work 、work hard 的区分 hard work 名词短语,意为“ 辛苦的工作”,hard 是形容词,修饰不行数名词work；如：What hard work it is. work hard 这是多么辛苦的工作啊！动词短语,意为“ 努力工作”,hard 是副词,修饰动词 work；【拓展】 work hard 努力工作 / 学习, hard work 艰苦的工作 He work hard at English and he is a hard-working student. 他努力学习英语,他是一个勤奋的好同学；7. which one is Lias. 哪位是丽莎？【解析】 which wit . pron. 哪一个；哪一些；哪个既可以与名词一起构成特别疑问句,也可以单独使用,引导特别疑问句； Which book do you like. Which is your book. 8. But I think friends are like books you dont need a lot of them as long as theyre good. 但是我认为伴侣就像书籍只要是好的,你不需要很多；【解析】 as long as = so long as只要； 既然（引导条件状语从句）ll buy a new computer for you. _ you work hard. I A. as long as B. as well as C. As long as D. As well as . We will certainly enter a good high school _ we work hard. 6 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Yes. Our dream will come true by working hard. A. as soon as B. as long as C. as far as D. even if 1. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom. 萨姆和汤姆都会打鼓,但是萨姆比汤姆打得要好一些；9. Both Sam and Tom can play the drums. 萨姆和汤姆都会敲鼓；【解析 1】 both adj./pron. 两者（都） ,用在be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后,实义动词之前； We should both thank Tom.我们两个都应当感谢汤姆；both 单独作主语时,其谓语动词要用复数形式 Both are smart. 两个人都聪慧；both 作不定代词,常用of 连用,后接名词或代词的复数形式,接名词时名词前需有定冠词 the 或形容词性物主代词my, her, his或名词全部格等Both of us come from the countryside. Both of her children have blue eys.我们俩都来自农村；她的两个孩子都是蓝眼睛；both 作限定词,用在定冠词 the 、形容词性物主代词或名词全部格前,“ 两者的,双方的” Both the books are expensive. 两本书都很贵；留意： A. both 表示“ 两者都 ” , all 表示“ （三者或三者以上的人 /物）都 ” B. not both 或 not all 都表示部分否定,表示“ 并非两者 / 全部都 ”C. both.and.= not only.but also.“ 又 又 ” “ 既 又 ” ,一般连接对等的短语或从句,假如连接两个词作主语,谓语动词要用复数形式；其否定形式为 neithe r.nor.“ 既不 也不 ” 7 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - E.g. Both New York and London have traffic problems. 连接主语 The secretary both speaks and writes Spanish. 连接谓语 【考例】 My parents _ doctors.A. both are B. all are C. are all D. are both 拓展： all 表示“ 三者或三者以上全都” 的意思,every 指三个以上的人或物 含三个 ,each 指两个以上的人或物 含两个 ；练习：用 all,both,every,each 填空 1 My brothers and I are _l at school. 2 _ student may have one book. 3 _Tom and Jim are my good friends. 4 Three students are flying kites,they are_ in Class 1. 10、Both Lucy and Lily are having supper. Both Li Lei and Han Meimei _ fond of Bite of China. 露西和莉莉都在吃晚餐；宠爱 the TV program A I am also deeply moved 深受感动 by its stories. A. is B. am C. was D. are 【注】 人/ 物用 and 连接时,为并列主语,谓语动词用复数；如用 with连接,做主语的是 with 短语之前的人 / 物【解析 2】play the drums 西洋乐器名词前必需加定冠词the play the piano /guitar 棋类名词、三餐饭、球类名词前不加定冠词 the Play chess 下象棋8 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - have breakfast/lunch/ dinner Play basketball/ soccer/ baseball 吃早餐 / 午餐/ 晚餐 打篮球 / 足球/ 棒球 He plays _ soccer, but he doesnt play _ guitar. A. the; the B. the; / C. / ; the D. /; / Can you play _ guitar. Sure. It s a piece of cake for me. A. a B. an C. the D. / 11、Tara works as hard as Tina. 塔拉学习和蒂娜一样努力； as.as意为“ 与 一样 ” ,as.as中间接形容词或副词的原级；其否定结构 not as/so.as E.g. He is as tall as his father. Tom gets up as early as Jim. 意为“ 不如 ” ；他和他爸爸一样高；汤姆起得和吉姆一样早；Lucy isn t as outgoing as Mary. 露西不如玛丽外向；留意： 1 其否定式为 not as/so +adj./adv. +as；E.g. This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think. 2 如有修饰成分,如twice, three times, half, a quarter等,就须置于第一个 as 之前； E.g. Your bag is twice as expensive as mine. 你的包比我的贵一倍； 12. Did you like the singing competition yesterday, Anna. 安娜,你宠爱昨天的唱歌竞赛吗？【解析】 compete competition k. mpiti . .n n. 竞争；作可数名词时,意为“ 竞赛” ,通常指体力、技巧、才能方面的竞赛； singing competition 唱歌竞赛【注】动名词修饰名词 swimming pool 游泳池 reading room 阅览室 He takes part in a swimming competition. 9 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 他参与游泳竞赛；·学问拓展 - 词义辨析 competition/game/match /sport competition指规章明显,较为正式的“ 竞技,竞赛”； game指消遣性“ 嬉戏” 或是“ 体育活动” ,可以是户外或户内、 体力或脑力,仍可指一项有共同规章的竞赛、竞赛,其复数形式 育运动会” ；games指“ 大型国际性体 match “ 竞赛,竞赛” ,常指一项有共同规章的竞赛,美国人多用 game,英国人多用 match； sport以锤炼为主,指各种运动,户外消遣,可以是竞赛性的体育运动,也可是消遣性的体育运动,sports 可指小型运动会；2. truly cares about me 的确关怀我；【解析】 truly 副词,意为“ 真正；的确” true 形容词,意为“ 真实的,真的,符合事实的” truth 名词,意为“ 事实,实情”Eg.I truly want to go home. 我的确想会回家； This is a true story. 这是一个真实的故事；How do we know you re telling the truth. 我们怎么知道你说的是实话？care 动词,意为“ 在意；担忧；关怀” ,care about, “ 关怀；在意” ；care for, “ 宠爱；照料” ,care 仍可作不行数名词,“ 当心；留意；关怀” 常用短语有： take care,“ 当心,当心” ,相当于be careful； Eg. Take care not to fall into the river. 当心不要掉到河里；t ake care of, “ 照料；照看” ,相当于look after； Eg.You should take care of yourself. 你应当照料好你自己；13、Well,Mary and her best friend are both tall. 哦,玛丽和她最好的伴侣都很高；【解析】 both 代词,表示“ 两者都” ；通常位于连系动词、助动词或情态动词之后,实义动词之前；10 10名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Eg. They are both good swimmers. We both like playing basketball. 他们两个都是游泳好手；我们两个都宠爱打篮球；both of + 人称代词或复数名词（接复数名词时of 通常省略）,意为“ 两者都 ”Eg. Both of us want to leave here. Both of the books are interesting. 我们两个都想离开这里；这两本书都很好玩；both A and B 意为“ A 和 B都 ”Eg. Both Jim and Tome are my good friends. 友；吉姆和汤姆都是我的好朋留意： both 表示“两者都” ； all 表示“ 三者或三者以上都”14. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. 不过,你能看得出来,丽萨的确想赢； v. win 赢得,打败,战胜（过去式 第三人称单数 :wins ） He won a prize last week. 上周他赢得了一个奖项；·学问拓展 n. winner 获胜者,赢家 词义辨析 win/beat 相同点：都是动词,表示“ 赢”:won 过去分词 :won 现在分词 :winning 不同点： beat+人；win+竞赛,竞赛,战争等名词；如：We won the football game. Li li beat all the runners in the 100-metre race. 11 11名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - win “ 赢得；获胜” , 用作及物动词,后接宾语是表示某种竞赛的名词或战争,而不是参与竞赛的对手； We won the basketball game. 我们赢得了篮球赛； beat “ 打赢” “ 战胜” ；用于竞赛时,后接宾语是战胜对手,表示“ 赢了某人” ； Li Lei beat all the runners in the 100-metre race. 李磊在百米赛跑中赢了全部的对手； beat 表示“ 打赢；战胜” ,用于竞赛时,其宾语为所战胜的对手；E.g. Li Lei beat all the runners in the 100-metre race. 2 though 此处作副词,意为“ 不过；可是；然而”用逗号与句子隔开；,通常用于句末,前面E.g. Jim said that he would come; he didnt, though. 拓展： though 作连词,意为“ 虽然；尽管”,相当于 although ；E.g. Though he has no money, he lives very happily. 留意： although/though与 but 不能同时显现在一个句子中；E.g. Though he has no money, he lives very happily. =He has no money, but he lives very happily. 15、I m shy so its not easy for me to make friends. 我很害羞,因此对我来说交伴侣不是很简洁；【解析】“It s + 形容词 +for sb. itto do sth” 是固定结构,意为“ 做某事对某人来说是 的” ,结构中是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语；Eg. Its very important for us to eat a lot of vegetables every day. 每天吃大量的蔬菜对我们来说是很重要的；12 12名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 16. But the most important is to learn something and have fun. 但是最重要的事情是能学到一些东西并在其中得到乐趣；the most important 意为“ 最重要的” ,是 important 的最高级形式；important 的比较级为 more important ,形容词的最高级形式前必需有定冠词 the ；E.g. I think English is the most important of all the subjects. The most important thing is to work hard. 2 have fun 意为“ 获得乐趣；玩得兴奋”；E.g. Its a good place to have fun. 【解析】 have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩得兴奋 have fun doing sth 很开心地做某事拓展： have fun doing sth. 意为“ 做某事很好玩”；E.g. Did you have fun visiting that country？17. My favorite saying , “ A true friend reaches for your hand and touched your heart.”我最宠爱的格言是“ 真正的伴侣是向你伸出双手,触动你心灵的人；”【解析 1】saying se . . . n . 话；说话；谚语,格言 as saying goes 正如格言所说【解析 2】reach ri:t. v.到达小地点 = get to +地大地点 = arrive at + reach +地点 = arrive in +点 Jack will arrive in Kunming tomorrow , and we are going to meet him at the airport. 13 13名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. drive to B. get to C. come in D. return to 18. My best friend helps to bring out the best in me. 我最好的伴侣帮忙我呈现最好的自我；【解析】 1 bring out 使显现；使表现出s best qualities. 艰巨困苦 Difficulties can bring out a person方能显示出一个人的优秀品质；2 bring out“ 拿出,带出,出版,生产” 之意 Please bring out your cameras and take some pictures. 请拿出相机照相； Dont worry, I think you can _ out the best _ you. A. take ; in B. bring; in C. take; at D. bring; at 19、. A good friend is talented in music. 好伴侣在音乐方面有天赋；【解析】 talent n 天赋 talented t.l.ntid adj.有才能的,有才能的；能干的最高级： most talented；比较级： more talented be talented in 在.方面有天赋,后接名词或doing The boy _ maths. A. is talented B. has talent C. is talented in D. has talent in 20、. A good friend truly cares about me. 好伴侣真的关怀我；【解析 1】.care care k . . vi.关怀；担忧； carefull adj. 认真的； 当心的 carefully adv 认真地14 14名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页,共 47 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -