2022年初二英语上册知识点总结.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载Unit 9 Can you come to my party. 单词 prepare pr.'per v.预备；预备 exam .'z.m 考试 available .'ve.l.bl 可得到的；有空的；hang h. 悬挂； 使低垂 until .n't.l 直到 .的时候；直到 为止 catch k.t . 赶上；抓住；捕获 invite .n'va.t 邀请 accept .k'sept 接受；refuse r.'fju.z 拒绝 invitation .nv.'te.n 邀请；邀请函 reply r .'pla. 回答,回复 forward 'f .rw.rd 转交；发送,向前的 delete d.'li.t 删除 preparation .prep.'re.n 预备,预备工作 opening 'o.pn. 开幕式,落成典礼 guest est 客人 concert 'k .ns.rt 音乐会 headmaster .hed'm.st.r 校长 event .'vent 大事,公开活动 calendar 'k.l .nd.r 日历,日程表 重点短语 1. come to ones party 参与某人的聚会 2. a birthday party 生日聚3. soccer practice 足球训练 4. look for 查找5. find out 找到 ,弄清晰 ,查明 6. be go on vacation 度假7. join sb. 加入某人 的行列 8. a football match 足球竞赛9. keep quiet 保持寂静 keep+形容词“ 保持某状态”）keep+ sb. +doing 使 某人 不停地做某事”keep sth. 储存某物,饲养某物10. a culture club 文化俱乐部11. “ 给某人打电话” 的几种说法：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 33 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载call sb. up, phone sb.up, phone to sb., telephone sb.up, telephone to sb., ring sb.up, give sb. a ring, give sb. a phone, make a telephone call to sb. 12. have to 不得不,必需 13. the day after tomorrow 后天 14. a science report 科学报告15.on Saturday afternoon 在周六下午16、prepare for 为 做预备17. go to the doctor=see a doctor 去 看 医 生18.have the flu患 感 冒19.help my parents 帮忙我的父母e to the party 来参与聚会21.another time 其他时间 22.last fall 去年秋天 23.go to the party 去聚会24.hang out 常去某处；泡在某处 25.the day after tomorrow 后天26.the day before yesterday 前天 27. have/take a piano/guitar lesson 上一堂钢琴 吉他 课28.look after 照看；照管 29.accept an invitaton 接受邀请30.turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请 31.take a trip 去旅行32.at the end of this month 这个月末33.look forward to 希望；期望34.the opening of 的开幕式/ 落成典礼35.reply in writing书面回复36.go to the concert 去听音乐会37. not until直到 才 38.meet my friend 会见我的伴侣40.visit grandparents 拜望祖父母 41.study for a test 为考试学习 42. much too 太,过于43. too much 太多 44.have to 不得不 45.too much homework 太多作业46.do homework 做家庭作业 47.go to the movies 去看电影 48.after school 放学后49. on the weekend 在周末50.invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事51.what 引导的感叹句结构：What+a/an+adj.+ 可数名词单数（+主语 +谓语）！52.What+adj.+ 名词复数 /不行数名词（ +主语 +谓语）！53.help sb.（to）do sth.帮忙某人做某事 54.be sad to do sth.做某事很哀痛55. see sb. do sth.观察某人做某事see sb.doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事56.the best way to do sth.做某事最好的方式 57.have a surprise party for sb.为某人举办一个惊喜派对 58.look forward to doing sth. 期盼做某事 59.reply to sth./sb. 答复某事 /某人60. Whats today.今日是什么日子？星期几,几号 What s the date today. 今日几号？What day is it today. 今日星期几？ /什么节日？名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 33 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载学问点：一、重要句型 【邀请用语】1. Can you come to my party. = Would you like to come to my party. 确定回答： Sure, I'd love to. 否定回答： I'm sorry. I can't. I have to do my homework. 2. Maybe another time. 3. Thanks for asking inviting. 感谢邀请；问星期 What is today. It is Monday. What day is it today. It is Monday. 4.Can you .please. 你能 . 吗？,常用于发出邀请；确定回答 sure,I d love to/That will be nice./Id like that, Thanks.否定回答 Sorry,I cant./No,Thank you./Id love to,but Im afraid I have no time. -Can you go shopping with me. - Sorry,I cant.I have to do my homework first.5时间状语前的介词的复习：星期、详细日期、详细某一天的早上、下午、晚上用 on;On Sunday, on October 4th, on Monday morning/ afternoon/ evening, on a cold night年份、 月份、季节,在早上、下午、晚上用 in. In 1999, in November, in the morning/ afternoon/ 复习时间介词： in .on . at. for 用法：evening, in summer in+ 世纪、年、月份 on+ 日期、详细日期的 上、下、晚 、包含特定形容词的 上、下、晚 at+ 时刻 for+ 时间段 强调句子谓语动词的连续性、不间断性 Mr Smith walked into an old city in Beijing _ a cold morning . The doctor often tells children to sleep_ eight hours at night. When did your mom arrive in Beijing ,Jim. _ half past six 留意：有了 this , that, next , yesterday, tomorrow, 这些词时无介词；This Monday, that afternoon, yesterday morning, tomorrow afternoon, next summer . 6 accept 基本用法 v. accept 接受,领受,承认,认可,同意；（过去式 :accepted 过去分词 :accepted 现在分词 :accepting 第三人称单数:accepts ）I accept your excuse. 我同意你的辩解；·学问拓展 - 词义辨析名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 33 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载accept & receive accept 是主观上的接受, receive 是客观上收到；如：I received her invitation but didnt accept it. 我收到了她的请帖,但并没有接受她的邀请；7.That s too bad, maybe another time意为“ 另一another 通常用于三个以上的或不确定数量中的任意一个人或物体,个,再一个”The shirt is small,Can you show me another one. the other 指两者中的另一个,有特定的数量范畴,不是任意的另一个He has two daughters. One is a doctor,the other is a teacher. 1.another,other,the other,others 与 the others another 指不定数目中的“ 另一个；又一个”如：,用来代替或修饰单数可数名词；Would you like another cup of tea. 你想再来一杯茶吗？other 意为“ 另外的；其他的”,修饰复数名词；如：We study Chinese,math,English and other lessons.我们学习语文、数学、英语和其他学科；她有the other通常指两个中的“ 另一个”；one .the other .如： She has two daughters.One is a teacher,the other is a doctor.两个女儿；一个是老师,另一个是医生；others 泛指“ 另外的人或物”；如：Some like swimming,others like boating. 船；有些人喜爱游泳；另一些人喜爱划名师归纳总结 the others特指某范畴内“ 其余全部的人或物”；如：s.第 4 页,共 33 页There are forty books in the box.Ten are mine,the others are my father - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载Thats 箱子里有四十本书；其中十本是我的,其余的都是我父亲的；例题： Sorry,because I have to look after my brother. too_.May me_time. A.bad;another B.bad;other C.good;another D.good;other 解析：第一空内容依据句意需要 bad.other 表“ 其他的, 其余的” 之意,another表“ 再一,又一” 之意,故应用 another. 8join v参与join 用作及物动词,意为“ 参与,加入 某一团体或组织 ” ；My father joined the Party in 1993 My brother joined the football club我爸爸 1993 年入党；我弟弟参与了足球俱乐部；join 与介词 in 或 for 连用,表示和某人一起做某事；Can you join us in the game. 和我们一起做嬉戏好吗 . I d like to join you for tea我想和你们一起喝茶；9Jenny, Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon？你能参加我的晚会吗？Sure, I d love to.当然,我很情愿；Sorry, I can t. I have to prepare for an exam. 对不起,我不能；我得预备考试；【解析】 can 情态动词“ 能,会” ,can 后跟动词原形,无人称和数的变化,表示某人所具备的才能或技能确定回答：“ Yes, 主语+ can . ”tcan 可用 could 替否定回答 : “ No, 主语 + can t ” Can he swim. Yes, he can / No, he cancan 的否定形式 cant , 过去式 could Can you . 你能 吗？表示客气地恳求某人做某事,换, could 比 can 更客气、委婉,显得更有礼貌；假如接受邀请： I d love to /Thanksa lot /Certainly假如不能接受： I m sorry ,but I cant Can you go fishing with me. Sure ,I d love to.【巧记】 Can you come to my party. Sure, I d love to.t . I have to help my mom. I m sorry. I can4 表示恳求、答应,当主语是其次人称like to .”；you 时,表示恳求仍常常用 “ Would you My brother can swim but I cant. 我哥哥会游泳,但我不会； （才能）She can t be at home. I saw her in the super market just now. 她不行能在家里；我刚才在超市观察她了；Someone is knocking at the door. Who can it be.有人在敲门；会是谁呢？It can be very cold here in spring. 这里的春天有时会特别冷；Can you come to my birthday party.你能来参与我的生日聚会吗？（恳求）名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 33 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载Can I have some water, please.我能喝点水吗？（恳求）10. I have to prepare for an exam. 我要为考试做预备；·基本用法 v. prepare 使做好预备,把 预备好（过去式： prepared 过去分词： prepared 现在分词： preparing 第三人称单数: prepares）常用于以下结构中：1. prepare sth. 预备Mom is preparing dinner in the kitchen. 妈妈在厨房预备晚餐；2. prepare for sth . 为某事做预备The final test is coming. The students are preparing for it. 期末考试快到了,同学们在为此做预备；3. prepare to do sth. 预备干 The men are preparing to fight. 人们预备战役；【解析】 exam.'z.m n 考试 指正式的考试,如入学考试、期中考试等 Pass the exam 考试及格 fail in the exam 考试不及格take /do an exam 参与考试小结： prepare 动词 意为使 做好预备,把 预备好；常用短语1.prepare for 为 做预备；其名词形式是 preparation 意为预备,准备工作I can t go to your party ,because I must prepare for the math exam. The farmers are preparing the ground for planting；农夫们正在为种植预备耕地；2.prepare sb for/to do sth 使某人对 做好预备The teachers are preparing the students for the final examination. 老师们正让同学们预备期末考试 . He took out a picec of paper and prepared to write to his friend. 他拿出一张纸,预备给他的伴侣写信；3.prepare sb sth 为某人预备 the host prepared us a delicious meal. 主人为我们预备了美味的晚餐 . 11、bring v. 带来Can you bring me an English dictionary. 你能给我带来一本英语字典吗？bring 与 take 的区分：Bring your homework here, and take the book away. 把你的作业拿过来,把这本书带走；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 33 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - bring 指带到说话者这来,通常与学习必备欢迎下载away 连here 搭配,而 take 就指从说话者这带走,通常与用；两者方向相反；1. - Why do Chinese people like red. - Because they think it can _ them good luck. A. carry B. bring C. make D. take 2. _ away the small apples and _ me some big ones. 1997 年安徽省中考题A. Carry; bring B. Take; bring C. Take; carry D. Carry; take 12. Im sorry, I canhave to help my parents. 对不起,我不能；我得帮忙我的父母；【解析 1】have to “ 不得不,必需” , , 表示客观情形要求某人必需做某事第三人称用 has to ,过去式 had to, 后跟动词原形,变成否定句或疑问句借助助动词 do/does/did 可以用于各种时态 【注】否定形式 dont have to = needntIt s raining outside, I have to stay at home.【注】：have/has to/must Have to +v 原 ''不得不 / 必需、'' must+v原 ''必需 '' .二者比较如下：have to 有人称和数的变化,即第三人称单数用 而 must 没有人称或数的变化；例： He has to go there to visit his aunt have to 有时态的变化, must 没有；例： He had to study late for the math test 很晚；has to ,其他人称用 have to ；他不得不去那里拜望他的姑姑；他不得不为数学测试而学到have to 强调客观上“ 不得不” 做某事； 非本身情愿 must 指主观上“ 必需”做某事 本身情愿 例：We must study hard 我们肯定要努力学习；主语 We本身情愿 Students have to do so much homework every night. 主语 students 不情愿写这么多作业【解析 2】help v 帮忙 helpful adj. 有帮忙的1. help sb. to do sth. 帮忙某人做某事2. help oneself to sth 任凭吃 help oneself （ to ）自用（食物等）3. help sb. out 帮忙某人克服困难,渡过难关、解决问题、完成工作4. with the help of 在 帮忙下5. help sb. with sth. 帮忙某人做某事6.Can t help doing 情不自禁做 . Can you help me to prepare for the party. 你能帮我为聚会做预备吗？I helped my sister to clean the room yesterday. 我昨天帮忙我的姐姐打扫房间；Anna often helps her mother with housework. 安娜常常帮忙她妈妈做家务；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 33 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载Miss Lee often helps me with my English. 李老师常常在英语方面帮忙我；Help to yourself some fruit. 你任凭吃些水果吧！ Mary is so _ she comes to you whenever youre in trouble.A. useful B. careful C. thankful D. helpful The woman _ all of her money to charities_ the poor. A. gave off, to help B. gave up, helping C. gave away, to help D. gave, helping 小结：情态动词 can / have to/ need/ must （较难点）can 是能不能,能够做某事；have to, 不得不,强调客观上的缘由迫使不得不去做某事；need 有没有必要,需不需要做某事;must 是必需做某事,具有强制性的意味；13、sad 形容词 意为哀痛地,难过的This story made me very sad . Its sad to hear this bad news. 这个故事让我很难过；听到这个坏消息,我很难过；留意： Its +形容词 +（for sb ）to do sth 对于谁来说做 是 的15、see （观察） hear（听见） watch （观察） +sb +do sth 观察过 /听见过某人做 后接动词原形see （观察） hear（听见）做 后接动名词watch （观察） +sb +doing sth 观察/听见某人正在I often see the boy play basketball in the park. 我常常观察那个男孩在公园里打篮球；They can always hear her sing in the next room；他们常常能听到她在隔壁房间唱歌；Lilei watched the chief take the old mans phone. 李磊观察这个小偷偷了那个那人的手机；When I look out the window, I see a bird standing om the tree. 当我向窗外看的时候,看到一只鸟站在树上；I heard my parents and my English talking in the garden. 我听到我的父母和我的英语老师在花园里谈话；14. I must go to the doctor. 我必需去看医生；【解析 1】must “ 必需；肯定 ” , 表示主观的义务和必要,常用于确定句和疑问句； 由 must 引起的疑问句, 确定回答用 must, 否定回答用 needn t /don t have to Must I get up at 6 o clock. No, you _.You can get up at 7 oclock. A. mustn t B. needn t C. can t trash now. Mom, must I take out the No, you _. You may take a rest first. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 33 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. mustn t B. can t 学习必备欢迎下载C. shouldn t D. don t have to 【注】 mustn t 表示“ 禁止；不行以” 而 don t have to 表示“ 不需要；不必”Li Lei, hurry up. The bus is coming. Oh, no. We _ cross the street until the traffic lights turn green. A. mustn t B. may not C. needn t D. have to We_ use mobile phones when the plane takes off A. may not B. shouldn t C. needn t D. mustn t 【解析 2】go to the doctor =go to see a doctor 去看医生Where did you go yesterday, Rick. I went to see a _ because I had a cold. A. teacher B. doctor C. Reporter What would you like to say to your _ before leaving school. Id like to say “Thank you very much. Ive learnt a lot from you in the past three years. ”A. teachers B. workers C. doctors D. engineers 15. I have too much homeworkweekend. 这周末我的家庭作业太多 了；【解析】 1too many + 复数名词 很多 too many people 2too much + 不行数名词 很多 too much homework 3much too + 形容词 太much too cold The new kind of car is _ dear, I dont have _ money. A. too much; much too C. too much; too much The meat is _ delicious. A. too much; too much C. too much; much too B. much too; too much D. much too; much too Yes, but don't eat _. B. much too; too much D. much too; much too 小结： too much ,太多,修饰不行数名词,too many, 修饰可数名词；much too, 太,后接形容词16a lot 很,特别,非分a lot 相当于副词,表示“ 特别,很” ,常用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级；Thanks a lot特别感谢；This picture is a lot more interesting than that one这幅画比那幅好玩；17、have the flu 患感冒have a cold 感冒了have a fever 发高烧have a headache 头痛留意：其中的 have不是有的意思,通常意为患有 18. Im sorry, I available. 愧疚,我没有空；基本用法【解析】 available.'ve.l.bl adj. 有空的,可用的,有效的；作“ 有空的” 相当于 free ,但不能修饰名词, free 可以修饰名词；如：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 33 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载I m available free next Tuesday if you want to meet then. 假如你想碰头的话,我下星期二有空； 人做主语时指人“ 能够出席的,有时间做某事的”Are you available for a meeting tomorrow morning. 物做主语时,指物“ 可用的；有效的”用法：中文释义 备注 例句 词性形 容 有空的（free ）不用于名词前 Will she be available today. 词 可获得的 常用于名词前 This is the only room available. Hello. Golden Sun Hotel. Can I help you. Do you have a room _for this weekend. A. available B. useful C. empty D. possible 19. Oh, but Sam isn 到下周三才回去； leaving until next Wednesday. 哦, 但是萨姆直【解析】 Until 直到 . 为止 , 确定形式表示的意思是 " 做某事直至某时 " ,动词必需是连续性的Excuse me.Is it my turn now. Not yet.Please wait on the chair_your name is called. A.and B.until C.although D.since not until 直到 才强调动作直到until 后的时间才发生；not 通常与首句中的 be 动词、助动词或情态动词连用；否定形式表达的意思是 " 直至某时才做某事 " ；动词为连续性或非连续性都可以【解析】 not .until. 意为