2022年一般过去时.docx

名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精品资料 欢迎下载一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、 常常性的动作、 行为；过去主语所具备的才能和性格；基本结构：主语+谓语动词过去式） +句子其他成分；主语 +was /were+ 形容词 /名词/介词短语 +过去时间；否定形式 was/were+not; 在行为动词前加 didn't ,同时仍原行为动词；一般疑问句 Did+ 主语 +do+ 其他；一般过去时, 表示过去某个时间里发生的非连续性动作或存在的状态,也表示常常或反复发生的动作；用动词的过去式表示,常和表示过去的时间状语连用, 如：yesterday ,last night ,in+过去的年份,two days ago ,before ,the age of,the day before yesterday等；一般过去时也表示过去常常或反复发生的动作,常和 的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的才能和性格；一般过去时动词变化often ,always 等表示频率的时间状语连用；表示过去习惯性、常常性情形方法示例一般情形+edwork workedlook looked以不发音 e 结尾+dlive livedhope hoped以辅音字母 +y 结尾变 y 为 i+edstudy studiedcarry carried以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母双写最终的 辅音字母 +edstop stoppedplan planned以 ic 结尾的动词变 ic 为 ick+edpicnic picnickedtraffic traffickedare-were 特殊情形不规章is/am-was do-did 一般过去时句法结构一般过去时确定形式主语+动词过去式 +其他例句 ：She often came to help us in those days. 一般过去时否定形式主语+didn't +谓语动词原型 +其他 was/were+not ；在 行为动词 前加 didn't ,同时仍原行为动词 例句： I didn't know you like coffee. 一般过去时一般疑问句Did +主语+谓语动词原型 +其他？Was /Were+ 主语+表语. 例句 ：Did I do homework. 一般过去时的特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did +主语 +动词原形 +其他？细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精品资料 欢迎下载 被动语态 主语 + was / were + 动词的过去分词 用表格整理如下：确定式疑问式否定式疑问否定式I worked Did I work. I did not work Did you work. HeShe,It worked Did heshe,it work. He she,itdid not work Did heshe,itnot work. We worked Did we work. We did not work Did we not work. You worked Did you work. You did not work Did you not work. They worked Did they work. They did not work Did they not work. 一般过去时记忆口诀一般过去时并不难,过去动作、状态记心间；动词要用 过去式 ,时间状语句末站；否定句 很简洁, didn't 站在动原前,其它部分不要变；一般疑问句也好变, did 放在句子前, 主语 、动原、其它部分依次站立；特殊疑问句也简洁, 疑问词 加一般疑问句记心间；一般过去时用法1. 一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生,也可以表示过去习惯性、常常性的动作；一般不强调动作的影响,只说 明的事情；句式： 主语 +动词过去式 +宾语 +其它I had a word with Julia this morning.今日早晨,我跟朱莉娅说了几句话；He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up. 他没有戒烟的那阵子,抽烟抽得可凶了；2. 一般过去常常与表示过去的 时间状语 或从句连用,如： yesterday,last week ,in the past ,in 1993,at that time,once,during the war,before,a few days ago,when 等等 . 留意 在谈到已死去的人的情形时,多用过去时；He was dead in 1990. 3. 表示过去连续发生的动作时,要用过去时；这种情形下,往往没有表示过去的时间状语,而通过上下文来表示；The boy opened his eyes for a moment,looked at the captain,and then died. 那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿,看看船长,然后就去世了；4. 表示在此之前一段时间内常常或反复的动作；常与always ,never 等连用；Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞；（只是说明她过去的动作,不说明她是否常带着伞；）比较Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella. 彼得太太总是带着一把伞；（说明这是她的习惯,说明她仍旧仍习惯总带着一把伞）Mrs. Peter is always carrying an umbrella.（表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦）彼得太太总是带着一把伞；I never drank wine. 我以前从不喝酒；（不涉及到说明是否喝酒）5. 假如强调已经终止的习惯时要用used to do （过去常常做,而不那样做了） 第 2 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - He used to drink alcohol.他过去喝酒；（意味着他不喝酒了；喝酒这个动作终止了）细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精品资料 欢迎下载I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨漫步；（意味着不在早晨漫步了）Freddie bought a bicycle three days ago. 弗莱迪在三天以前买了一辆自行车；比较：I took a walk in the morning. 我曾经在早晨散过步；（只是说明过去这一动作）6. 有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的 状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时,这一点,我们中国同学往往出错,要特殊留意！I didn''t know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎；（由于在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了；这句话指的是说话之前,所以只能用过去时表示；实际上,这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.）I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢；（这句话应是在说话之前,我以为你病了；但是我知道现在你没病）一般过去时时间状语1. yesterday morning,afternoon,evening 2. the day before yesterday 3. last night week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,century 世纪）4. ago 5. this morning/afternoon/evening 6. when 引导的 状语从句 （动词过去时）7. just now 8. the other day - a few days ago. 9. at the age of 10 （过去年龄段）10. in the old days 11. at that time 12. at that moment 一般过去时一般形状一般过去时 Be 动词Be 动词的一般过去时态 . 在没有 实义动词 的句子中使用 be 动词, am is 的过去式 为 was; are 的过去式为 were. 构成： 确定句 ：主语 +was were + 表语如： I was late yesterday. （昨天我迟到了；）否定句 ：主语 +was were +not+ 表语如： We weren't late yesterday. （我们昨天没有迟到）【留意】：当句中含有 系动词 was ,were 时,可直接在其后加 not 构成否定句；如： I was on the Internet when you called me. 当你打电话给我时,我在上网； ：I was not/wasn't on the Internet when you called me . 当你打电话给我时,我不在上网；疑问句 ：Was Were + 主语+表语 当谓语动词提前并直接或间接表达留意时态特殊疑问句：特殊 疑问词 +was were + 主语 +表语一般过去时实义动词实义动词 的一般过去时态确定句 要使用动词的过去式,否定句 和疑问句要使用 助动词 do 和 does 的过去式 did. 否定句：主语 +didn't + 动词原形 +宾语疑问句 ：Did + 主语 +动词原形 +宾语细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精品资料 欢迎下载一般过去时助动词和情态动词助动词和 情态动词过去式 如下：shall should（将要）用于第一人称单数will would（将要）用于全部人称cancould （能,会）maymight （可以）mustmust （必需）have to had to（不得不）助动词和情态动词的过去 时态 要使用他们的过去式,后面的动词仍使用原形；如： I had to do my homework yesterday. （昨天我不得不做作业；）一般过去时语法讲解一般过去时也叫单纯过去时；例 A：Mr. Smith bought a new car yesterday. （史密斯先生昨天买了一辆新车；）例 B：They were here only a few minutes ago. （几分钟前他们仍在这里；）一般过去时的用法如下：一般过去时最明显的现象就是常由表达过去之时间的副词或副词短语来修饰它（如各例句的斜体字部分）；这些常用于修饰一般过去时的副词有： yesterday,yesterday morning （afternoon,evening ）,just now （刚才）,before （以前）, then（at that time ） （当时）, last + 时间 （如 last week,month,year,Monday, January , spring , ,etc. ）,that + 时间 （如 that day,afternoon,summer, ,etc. ）,时间 + ago （如 a few minutes ago,two weeks ago,years ago, etc.）“过去”的概念并不是只指如“ yesterday,last week,” 等,实际上 “与现在对立的过去 ”,亦即 “非现在的以前 ”,哪怕是 “过了说话时间的几分钟之前”,只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立,就必需使用一般过去时来表达；例如：He was here only a few minutes ago. （仅仅几分钟前他仍在这里；）I came home just now. （我刚回到家；）在 A 项我们说明白 “ this + 时间,today,etc.”的时间副词常用于修饰一般现在时 ,但是实际上只要是“与说话时的现在 ”对立,就必需使用一般过去时；例如：I got up very early this morning. （今日早晨我起床很早；）He was late for school again today. （今日他又迟到了；）主 语肯 定 式否 定 式疑 问 式I was not a student. 第一、二人称和第三人称复I was a student. We/You/ They were not stWere you a student. We/You/ They were studenudents. Were you/ they students ts. He/ She was not a studenHe/ She was a student. Was he/ she a student t. 数以及名词复数I / We/ You/ They/ likedI / We/ You/ They/ didnDid you/ they like music music. t like music. Did many people like musMany people liked music. Many people didn t like ic. music. 3）一般过去时的用法：1 过去发生的动作；例如：The police stopped me on my way home last night. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精品资料 欢迎下载2 过去存在的状态；例如：They weren't able to come because they were so busy. 3 常用于一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday ,three months ago ,last year ,in 1979 ,once upon a time 很久以前 ,long ago ,then 那时等；例题解析：举一反三,学的更轻松！1 Mott is out. But he _ here a few minutes ago. A. was B. is C. will be D. would be 解析：几分钟前发生的动作,应当用一般过去时； 应选 A,2-Hi,Tom. -Hello,Fancy. I _ you were here. A.don't know B.won't think C. think D. didn't know 解析：虽然句中没有明确的时间状语,但是可以通过上下文语境判定出,我说这话之前不知道,但是现在知道了,表示的动作,要用过去 时态；所以选 D；3He promised to tell me by himself when I _. A. come B. would come C. came D. had come 解析：在 时间状语从句 中,用一般过去时表示过去将来；应选 C；一般过去时句式变化技巧1. 一变：确定句变为否定句【技巧 1】当句中含有 情态动词 或助动词 could ,would ,should 等时,可直接在其后面加 not 构成否定句； 例如：I could get you a concert ticket. I could not / couldn't get you a concert ticket. 【技巧 2】当句中含有 系动词 was ,were 时,可直接在其后加 not 构成否定句；例如：I was on the Internet when you called me. I was not / wasn't on the Internet when you called me.【技巧 3】当句中谓语是除 情态动词 、助动词 、系动词 was,were 以外的动词时, 在该动词之前加 did not / didn't ,动词仍原,构成 否定句 ；例如：The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. 2. 二变 ：陈述句 变为一般疑问句 The famous singer did not / didn't sing any Chinese songs.【技巧 1】移动词语的位置；将 was ,were,could ,would ,should 等移到句首；例如：He could pack his things himself. Could he pack his things himself.【技巧 2】添加 助动词 did；谓语是除 情态动词 、助动词、系动词 was,were 以外的动词时,在 主语之前加 did,动词仍原；例如：Mr Li looked very old. Did Mr Li look very old.3. 三变： 陈述句 变为特殊疑问句【技巧 1】确定 疑问词 ：人 who / whom ,物 what ,地点 where,时间 when / what time ,缘由 why ,频率 how often ,长度 how long ,距离 how far 等等；例如：They gave the concert last night. When did they give the concert.【技巧 2】辨认结构形式： 疑问词 +情态动词 /助动词 / was / were / did + 主语 +. 例如：The accident happened near the station. 4. 一些不规章变化： Where did the accident happendo>did see>saw make>made take>took eat>ate read>read put>put get>got hear>heard feel>felt is/am-was are-were teach-taught catch-caught 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 buy-bought go-went come-came become-became等 第 5 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -