2022年小学三年级英语语法.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学校三年级英语语法一情态动词 cancan 在英语中有一个特别的名字 ,叫做情态动词,表示“ 能够”示动作的动词；没有时态和人称的变化；表示不能做什么的时候, “ 会”, “ 才能” 后面要跟着表,后面加上 not 为 can not,或者缩写为 cant；问别人“ 能 吗？” 要把can 放在句子前面 ,首字母要大写 ,句尾别忘加上问号；例句： I can swing .I can draw.She can jump.He can play . We can touch .They can run.I cant sing.You cant see.t hear a car.She cant dance.He canWe cant hear an aeroplane.Can you hear a dog？Can he hear a bus？Can Lucy write？ Can you do it. 将下面各组词组成句子1._（an,aeroplane,hear,Lucy,can ）2. _ not,he ,dance,can 3._. you,can ,see,what 4._can ,see ,not ,we ,you 5._. I ,can ,help ,you 6._. I,can ,do,what 7._. you ,can ,hear me 8._. you ,can ,dance 答案： 1. Lucy can hear an aeroplane. 2. He can not /can t dance. 3. What can you see. 4. We can not /can see you 5. I can help you. 6. What can I do. 7. Can you hear me. 8. Can you dance.二人称代词所属格 . 人称代词表人称主格 be 动词及其否定全部have/has及其否定形助动词及其否定宾格形式格,形式形式容性物主代词名师归纳总结 单第一人称我Iam/am notttmyhave/haven ttdo/donttme其次人称你youare/aren yourhave/haven tdo/dontyou数第三人称他heis/isnhishas/hasn does/doesn him她sheis/isntherhas/hasn tdoes/doesn ther第 1 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 它itis/isntitshas/hasn tdoes/doesn tit人名人名is/isnt人名 has/hasn tdoes/doesn t人名s复第一人称我们weare/aren tourhave/haven tdo/dontus其次人称你们youare/aren tyourhave/haven tdo/dontyou数第三人称他们,她theyare/aren t theirhave/haven tdo/don tthem们,它们留意：主格作主语 ,其中 she 指带代国家 ,it 可指代天气时间等；宾格作宾语,介词宾语,表语；动词后面用人称宾格形容词性物主代词作定语；名词性物主代词作主语 ,宾语,介词宾语 ,表语 书信 yours 表示 - 的,这样的词我们也学习很多了,你能想出来吗？记住这个小口诀就很简洁了：我的my ,你的 your,他的 his、她的 her. /它的是 its; 我们的 our; 你们的是 your 他们 它们 ,她们 的是 their/这些人称代词形式称为人称代词所属格 ,也叫形容词性物主代词；通常用在名词前面表示所属关系；另外,表示某人的仍可以用名词或人名 + s 来表示；如 : my kite;your book;his pen;her coat;its tail;our class;s mothertheir teachers; my brothers;book;the cats ears; Mary一.写出以下人称代词的所属格形式I_you_he_She_it_ we_You_they_二.用合适的人称代词填空1 This is Ben. This is _bicycle.2 I am Kitty. _ bag is blue3 Shes Alice. That _ umbrella.4 You are Mr Li. _ car is black.5 Is this _ hat. Yes, it my hat.6 That my mother. That _ coat.7 Wheres _ scarf. Here you are.8 Hes Mr Wang. _ gloves are new.三.翻译以下词组1. 你的名字_2.我们班 _3. 他的小弟弟 _4.我祖母 _5. 它的尾巴_6.我的鞋 _7. 她的围巾 _ 8.我的衬衫 _9. 他们的老师 _ 四.用以下单词组句10.玛丽的雨伞 _1._ my , is,name , Tom 2._ is, miss , Gao, , our,friend 3._ is what ,your number ,telephone 4._. mother , your ,a teacher , is名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 5._. whos , cap , it , isyou yourthey their答案：一 . Imyyou yourhehissheherititsWe our三. 1.your name 2.our class 3. his little brother 4.my grandmother 5.its tail 6.my shoes 7.her scarf 8.my shirt 9.their teacher 10. Marys umbrella 四. 1.My name is Tom. 2.Miss Gao is our friend 3.Whats your telephone number. 4.Is your mother a teacher. 5.Whos cap is it.三介词、连词和感叹词1.介词：介词是一种虚词 ,不能单独使用 ,必需在介词后面加上个名词或代词使用 ,作句子成份；介词后面的名词（或相当于名词的其它词）叫做介词的宾语；介词和介词宾语合称为介词短语；介词短语在句中可作壮语、定语或表语；介词如 : in 在 里面 on 在 上面 under 在 下面等；in the classroom in the tree in the hallon the road on the desk on the floorunder the table under the bed under the chair2.连词：连词是用来连接词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子等的词叫连词；连词是一种虚词,在句子中不能单独作句子成分；连词分两类：一类叫等立连词,另一类叫从属连词；1. 等立连词是用来连接同等的词、词组和分句的；等立连词有很多我们现在只学到了and和 but,其他的以后学到再介绍；a car and a bus;Lucy and 如：A and B ; blue and white ；an apple and a banana;Ben ;Ben and Kitty ;This is a lorry and thats a drill.I like dolls and you like robots.2. 从属连词是用来引起从句的、从属连词又分为1 引起名词性从句的连接词,如：if ,that 等；2）引起壮语从句的连接词,如：when , after ,befare等；以后会逐步学到再介绍；3.感叹词 : 表示说话人的某种感情 诧异,兴奋,痛楚等 的词叫感叹词；感叹词后常用感叹号；常用 的感叹词有： oh（表示诧异或痛楚）, ah（表示诧异或中意）, hello（常被用来打招呼相当于汉 语的“ 喂！” ）, well（表示诧异,无奈）如： Hello.Are you Mary.练习：翻译以下词组1.在桌子上面2.在树下面9. a cat an3.在椅子上面4.在盒子里面5.在黑板上6.在书里7.在脸上8.在公共汽车上9.一只猫和一只狗 .10.又小又胖答案： 1. on the desk2. under the tree3. on the desk4. in the box 5. on the blackboard6. in the book7. on the face8. on the busd a dog10. small and fat四 单数句和复数句：口诀： 单数句子变,变化规章要记住；名词代词要变化, am, is 要变 are；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - this, that 变成啥, these, those来替它；he, she, it 要变啥,全部变 they 不用怕；I 要变 we 莫落下,名词后面把 s/es加；名前冠词去掉它,其余成分原样加；详细留意下面的六要素：1单数主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即ey； 如： She is a girl.They are girls. I we； youyou； she, he, it th2 am, is 要变为 are； 如： I'm a student. We are students. 3不定冠词 a, an 要去掉 ；如： He is a boy. They are boys. 4一般单数名词要变为复数形式；如： It is a cat. They are cats. 5指示代词 this, that 要变为 these, those；如： This is a book. These are books. 6 man, woman 作定语修饰可数名词时,要在 饰名词表示 " 性质 " 时,不作变化 ；如：He is a man doctor.They are men doctors. This is an apple tree. They are apple trees. 单复数相互转换,每空一词 含缩写 ；1. The woman is a nurse.改为复数句 The _ _ _. 2. There are some old cars.改为单数句 " 数" 上与被修饰名词保持一样；但其他名词修There _ _ old _. 3. He has a new book.改为复数句 _ _ new _. 4. Are these your chicks .改为单数句 _ _ your _.5. Is there a sheep in the playground.改为复数句 _ there _ _ in the playground.五一般疑问句及特别疑问句 句子基本是：简洁陈述句,由简洁陈述句转变成确定句,否定句,疑问句；疑问句是用来提出问题；英语中有四种疑问句: 一般疑问句、特别疑问句、挑选疑问句和反意疑问句；我们名师归纳总结 现在已经接触到了前两种疑问句；后两种疑问句以后我们仍会学到.第 4 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 一.一般疑问句：英语中要用 yes和 no 来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句；如 :1）Is it hot . Yes, it is .No, it isnt. be 动词引导2）Is it a car . Yes, it is .No, it isnt . be 动词引导3）Is this your ruler . Yes, it is .No, it isnt . be 动词引导4）Do you like bananas . 含实义动词Yes, I like bananas. No, I dont like bananas.5）Can Ming hear a drill .含情态动词Yes , Ming can hear a No,Ming cant hear a drill.陈述句（确定句,否定句,一般疑问句）的转变规律：1确定句：2否定句：3. 一般疑问句及肯否定回答1 主语 +be 动词 + . 1 主语 +be 动词 +not+ . 1）be动词 +主语+ ？Yes, 主语 +be 动词 ./ No, 主语 +be 动词 +not. I am a teacher. I am not a teacher. Are you a teacher？-Yes, I am./ No, I am not.My mother is thin. My mother is not /isn tthin. Is your mother thin.t.They are insects. They are not/areninsects. -Yes, she is./ No, she isn t.Are they insects？2 主语 +情态动词 can+2 主语 +情态动词 can+ not+ . -Yes. they are./ No, they aren2）情态动词 can+主语+ ？Yes, 主语 +情态动词 can/No,主语 +情态动词 can+ not He can jump. He can not/can t jump. Can he jump？t.3 主语 +动词 + .3 主语 +助动词 do/does+not -Yes,he can./ No, he can3） 助动词 do/does+主语+ . 动词原形+ .动词原形？Yes, 主语+助动词 do/does.No, 主语 +助动词 do/does+not.名师归纳总结 - - - - - - - He likes to eat apples. He doesnt like to eat apples. Does he like to eat apples？Yes,he does./ No,he doesnt. We like to eat apples. We dont like to eat apples. Do you like to eat apples？Yes,we do. /No,we dont. 二. 祈使句：表示恳求、命令、建议或劝说等的句子叫祈使句,主语you 常省略；第 5 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1、确定形式：一般以动词原形开头；2、否定形式：在句首谓语动词前加Open the door, please. Don't； Don't be late for class. 三 特别疑问句（又叫 wh-question）用特别疑问词来提出问题的疑问句叫作特别疑问句；特别疑问词一般要放在句首；常用的 疑问词有 what who ,which how 等这些词都以 wh 开头（包括 how）所以也叫作 wh-question；特别疑问句要求回答详细内容；不能用yes或 no 回答； 结构：疑问词 +一般疑问句；回答不能用yes / no或相当于 yes / no回答的问句；答句的句式同确定句句式：如：What can you see . I can see a cat.What can you hear . I can hear a bus.What can you do . I can sing and dance.What is it . Its a panda.What do you like . I like playing footballHow old are you . Im ten. 一.将以下句子变成一般疑问句1 Mr Wang is thirsty _.2.The elephents ears are long _.3. We like birds _.4.Hello.You are his mother_.5.I can sing and dance. _. 二 将以下每组词各组成一句特别疑问句1.you are how. _.2.old how Ben is_.3.colour is what your shirt_.4.can see what the on you desk _.5.like what do you_. s ears long3. Do you like birds.4.答案：一 .1. Is Mr Wang thirsty.2. Are the elephentHello. Are you his mother.5.Can you sing and dance.名师归纳总结 二.1. How are you.2.How old is Ben .3.What colour is your shirt.4.What can you see on the desk.5.What do you like.第 6 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -