2022年定语从句专项练习题及详解.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思定于从句讲解和训练定于从句是 高中 重点学问, 也是高考常考点,定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词, 被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词；定语从句通常显现在先行词之后,由关系词 关系代词或关系副词 引出；关系代词有： who, whom, whose, that, which 等；关系副词有： when, where, why 等；一 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、 定语等成分；关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一样；1who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语；例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you. 2 whose 用来指人或物, 只用作定语 , 如指物,它仍可以同of which 互换 ；例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 3which, that 所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等；二 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语；1 关系副词 when, where, why 的含义相当于 " 介词 + which" 结构,因此经常和 " 介词+ which" 结构交替使用；例如：There are occasions when on which one must yield. 2that 代替关系副词, 可以用于表示时间、 地点、方式、理由的名词后取代 when, where, why 和" 介+which" 引导的定语从句,在口语中 that 常被省略；例如：His father died the year that / when / in which he was born. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思三 判定关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词,仍是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词；及物动词后面无宾语,就必需要求用关系代词; 而不及物动词就要求用关系副词；例如：This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村；判定改错： 错 This is the mountain village where I visited last year. 方法二：精确判定先行词在定语从句中的成分 主、谓、宾、定、状 ,也能正确挑选出关系代词 / 关系副词；例1. Is this museum _ you visited a few days age. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one B. 关系词的挑选依据在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,挑选关系代词 who, whom, that, which, whose; 先行词在从句中做状语时,应挑选关系副词 where 地点状语, when 时间状语, why 缘由状语 ；四 限制性和非限制性定语从句1 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种；限制性定语从句是先行词不行缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确 ; 非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开；例如：This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子； 限制性）2 The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 3 非限制性定语从句仍能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰 , 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数；例如：He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 名师归纳总结 说明：关系代词that和关系副词 why 不能引导非限制性定语从句；第 2 页,共 10 页五介词 +关系词- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思1 介词后面的关系词不能省略； 2that前不能有介词；3 某些在从句中充当时间,地点或缘由状语的" 介词 +关系词 " 结构可以同关系副词when 和 where 互换；例如： This is the house in which I lived two years ago. ； This is the house where I lived two years ago. 六 as, which 非限定性定语从句由 as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as 和 which 可代整个主句,相当于 and this或 and that；As 一般放在句首,which 在句中；例如：As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我们所知,吸烟有害健康；The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. as 和 which 在引导非限制性定语从句时,这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思,且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语；但不同之处主要有两点：1as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,而 which 不行；2 as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必需是系动词 ; 如为行为动词,就从句中的关系代词只能用 which ； 3 the same as;such as 中的 as 是一种固定结构 , 和 一样 ；例如：I have got into the same trouble as he has. 七关系代词that 的用法我遇到了跟他一样的麻烦；1 不用 that的情形 a 引导非限定性定语从句时；例如： 错The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. b 介词后不能用；例如：We depend on the land from which we get our food. 2 只能用 that 作为定语从句的关系代词的情形我们依靠土地获得食物；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思 a 在不定代词,如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时,只用 that ,不用 which ；b 先行词有 the only, the very 修饰时,只用 that ；c 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时,只用 that ；. d 先行词既有人,又有物时；例如：All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题；Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察；定语从句专项练习题及详解1.the place _interested me most was the children's palace. a. which b. where c. what d. in which 2.do you know the man _. a. whom i spoke b. to who spoke c. i spoke to d. that i spoke 3.this is the hotel _last month. a. which they stayed b. at that they stayed c. where they stayed at d. where they stayed 4.do you know the year _the chinese communist party was founded. a. which b. that c. when d. on which 5.that is the day _i'll never forget. a. which b. on which c. in which d. when 6.the factory _we'll visit next week is not far from here. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思a. where b. to which c. which d. in which 7.great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working. a. where b. that c. which d. there 8.this is one of the best films _. a. that have been shown this year b. that have shown c. that has been shown this year d. that you talked 9.can you lend me the book _the other day. a. about which you talked b. which you talked c. about that you talked d. that you talked 10.the pen _he is writing is mine. a. with which b. in which c. on which d. by which 11.they arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy. a. whom b. who c. which d. that 12.the engineer _my father works is about 50 years old. a. to whom b. on whom c. with which d. with whom 13.it there anyone in your class _family is in the country. a. who b. who's c. which d. whose 14.i'm interested in _you have said. a. all that b. all what c. that d. which 15.i want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday. a. which b. who c. what d. as 16.he isn't such a man _he used to be. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思a. who b. whom c. that d. as 17.he is good at english, _we all know. a. that b. as c. whom d. what 18.li ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much. a. i went with b. with whom i went c. with who i went d.i went with him 19.i don't like _ as you read. a. the novels b. the such novels c. such novels d. same novels 20.he talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the school. a. which b. that c. whom d. what 21.the letter is from my sister, _is working in beijing. a. which b. that c. whom d. who 22.in our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _are women. a. them b. which c. whom d. who 23.you're the only person _i've ever met _could do it. a. who;/ b./; whom c. whom;/ d./; who 24.i lost a book, _i can't remember now. a. whose title b. its title c. the title of it d. the title of that 25.last summer we visited the west lake, _hangzhou is famous in the world. a. for which b. for that c. in which d. what 26.i have bought such a watch _ was advertised on tv. a. that b. which c. as d. it 27.i can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思together. a. when; which b. which; when c. what; that d. on which; when 28.the way _he looks at problems is wrong. a. which b. whose c. what d./ 29.this is the reason _he didn't come to the meeting. a. in which b. with which c. that d. for which 30.this machine, _for many years, is still working perfectly. a. after which i have looked b. which i have looked after c. that i have looked after d. i have looked after 31.the reason _he didn't come was _he was ill. a. why; that b.that;why c. for that;that d.for which;what 32.he is working hard, _will make him pass the final exam. a.that b.which c.for which d.who 留意 此部分只需印一份给老师参考答案及解析 1. a. which 用作关系代词,在定语从句中作主语；2c. " 和谁讲话 ” 要说 speak to sb. 此题全句应为 do you know the man whom i spoke to.；whom 是关系代词,作介词 to 的宾语,可以省略；3. d. where 是关系副词,表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语；4. c. when 是关系副词,表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语；5a. which 是关系代词,在从句中作forget 的宾语；其他几个答案都不能作宾语；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思6c. 解析同第 5题；7. a. 解析见第 3题；8. a. 本句话的先行词应当是 films, 因此,关系代词 that 是负数概念,其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态 have been shown；假如句中的 one 前面使用了定冠词 the ,就 the one 应当视为先行词；9. a. “谈到某事物 ”应说 talk about sth. ；about 是介词,其后要用 which 作宾语,不能用 that ；10. a. with which 是"介词 +关系代词 "结构 ,常用来引导定语从句 .with 有"用"的意思 ,介词之后只能用 which, 不能用 that. with which 在定语从句中作状语 ,即 he is writing with a pen. 11. c. in front of which 即 in front of a farmhouse. in front of which 在从句中作状语 . 12. d. with whom 引导定语从句 .with whom 放在从句中即为 :my father works with the engineer. 13. d. whose 引导定语从句 ,在从句中作主语 family 的定语 . 14. a. that 引导定语从句 ,由于先行词是 all, 所以只能选用 that 引导 . 15. d. the same .as 是固定用法 , as 引导定语从句时 ,可以作主语 ,宾语或表语 .在本句话中,as 作从句的主语 . 16. d. such as 是固定用法 ,as 引导定语从句时 作表语 . ,可以作主语 ,宾语或表语 .在此题中 ,as17. b. as 作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句；这时 as 所指代的不是主句中某个名词,而往往指代整个主句的含义；as 在从句中可以作主语、宾语；从句可放在主句后,也可置于主句前；在本句中 ,as 作宾语 . 18. b. li ming enjoyed it very much 是主句 ,with whom i went to the concert 是定语从句 .with whom 放在从句中为 :i went to the concert with li ming. 19. c. as 引导定语从句时通常构成such as 或 the same as 固定搭配,其中 such 和 same名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思修饰其后的名词,as 为关系代词,指代其前的名词引导定语从句；as 在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语； such 修饰单数名词时,要用 such a .,此题中 such books, such直接修饰复数名词 . 20. b. things 和 persons 是先行词 .当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人 ,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用 that. 21. d. who 引导非限制性定语从句 ,who 作从句的主语 . 22. c. two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers. 23. d. 先行词 person 后有两个定语从句 ,第一个从句省略了关系代词 whom. 由于 , whom 作从句中 met 的宾语 ,可以省略 .其次个从句 who could do it.who 在从句中作主语 ,不行省略 . 24. a. whose title 引导非限制性定语从句 ,whose title 也可以说成 the title of which 25. a. for which 引导定语从句 ,使用介词 for, 是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for "以 .而著名 ". 26. c. 当先行词被 such 修饰时 ,引导定语从句的关系代词要用 as. as 在本从句中作主语 . 27. a. 两个先行词 the day 都是表示时间的名词 ,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语 ,因此要用关系副词 when. 其次个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词 spent 的宾语 ,因此要用关系代词 which 或 that 来引导定语从句 . 28. d. 在 way 、distance 、direction 等词后的定语从句中,常用 词+which ” 、when 或 where ,而 that 常可省略；29. d. for which在定语从句中作缘由状语,可用 why 来替代 . that 来代替 “ in 或其他介名师归纳总结 30. b. which i have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句. why 和 that 不能随第 9 页,共 10 页31. a. the reason why was that .已成为一种固定句型,这一句中的意换位,也不能将that 改成 because ,尽管 that 这个词在译文中可能有“由于 ”的含义；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思32. b. 非限制性定语从句常用which 引导 ,which 表示前句话的整个含义. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 10 页