2022年小升初英语必考知识点大全.docx
名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2022 小升初英语必考学问点大全高频考点之-There be 句型一、考点学问精讲考点一、 there be 句型基本熟悉1、 定义: There be 句型表示“ 存在” 的句型,某处存在某物或某人;2、结构: 1 There is + 单数可数名词 / 不行数名词 + 地点状语 . 2 There are + 复数名词 +地点状语 . There 是引导词,在句子中不充当任何成分,翻译时不必翻译出来;句子的主语是某人或者某物,是 be 动词后面的名词;e.g. :There is some water in the cup. 杯子里有一些水;There are many students in the classroom. 考点二、各种句型转化;1:变成否定句 陈述句中的确定句变否定句有两种形式:教室里有很多同学;一种是含有be 动词 和系动词 或者情态动词,变否定句,直接在be 动词或者情态动词后面加not,其他不变,照抄原句;另外一种是谓语动词是实意动词,需要在实意动词前面加助动词do/does ,然后加not ,之后把实意动词变成原形,然后句子其他不变照抄;There be 句型的否定式的构成和含有 be 动词的其它句型一样,在 be 后加上 not 或 no 即可;留意not 和 no 的不同: not 是副词, no 为形容词,not a/an/any + n. 相当于 no+ n. ;e.g. There is a woman in our classroom. 变否定句 There is not a woman in our classroom. 或者 There is no woman in our classroom. 2:变成一般疑问句陈述句变一般疑问句有两种方式:一:含 be 动词或者情态动词的陈述句变一般疑问句,直接把 be 东西或者情态动词提前,同时第一个单词的第一个字母变大写,其他次序不变照抄,后面句号变问号;二:不含 be 动词或情态动词的陈述句变一般疑问句,在句首加助动词 do 或者 does, 其他次序不变照抄,同时留意后面的谓语动词变成原形,句首的首字母大写,句号变成问号;There be 句型的一般疑问句变化和含有 be 动词的陈述句变一般疑问句规章一样,把 be 动词调整到句首, Be 动词第一个字母变大写,There 第一个字母变小写,其他次序不变照抄,再在句尾加上问号即可;但同时要留意:当确定句中有 some 时,要将其改为 any(否定变化也一样);确定回答:Yes, there be; 否定回答: No, there be not. e.g. There is a woman in the classroom. 变成一般疑问句 Is there a woman in the classroom. (做确定 否定回答会更好)3:变成特别疑问句主要以对划线部分提问的方式出题;对主语提问:当主语是人的时候,就用 who 引导,用“whos + 介词短语 .” 结构;当主语是物的时候,就用 what 引导,用“what s + 介词短语 .” 结构;留意:无论原句的主语是单数仍是复数,对之提问时一般都用 be 的单数形式 回答时却要依据实际情形来打算 ;可以懂得为疑问代词 who,what 作主语时, 谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,由于你是对一个未知的人或物进行提问;e.g. There is some water in the cup.(对划线部分提问) Whats (there ) in the cup. 1 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - There is a woman in the classroom.对划线部分提问 Whos in the classroom. where is/are +主语 .” 结构;对地点状语提问:就用where 引导,用“e.g. There are two girls in the computer room Where are the two girls. 对数量提问:一般有两种句型结构:. (对划线部分提问)How many+复数名词 +are there+介词短语?对划线部分提问 How much+不行数名词+is there+介词短语?e.g. There are forty-five students in the classroom. How many students are there in the classroom. There are three bottles of water on the desk. 对划线部分提问 How much water is there on the desk. 考点三、 there be 句型中动词 be 的形式;1、There be 句型中动词 be 在各种时态中的形式:一般现在时(there is/are)一般过去时 there was/were 一般将来时 there is/are going to be 或 there will be 过去将来时(there was/were going to be, there would be)现在完成时 there have/has been;与情态动词连用,构成“there +e.g. There is an apple on the desk.情态动词 +be” 的形式;一般现在时 There will be a meeting tomorrow一般将来时 一般过去时 There was a meeting in No.1 classroom yesterday.There was going to be a meeting in No.1 classroom.过去将来时现在完成时 There has been a building in the small town.考点四、 there be 句型反意疑问句的构成:be not there. 反义疑问句又叫附加疑问句,它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证明;反义疑问句有两部分构成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的时态应保持一样;陈述部分确定式 +疑问部分否定式陈述部分否定式 +疑问部分确定式;同样,陈述部分为“There be ” 句式的反意疑问句,简短问句由“be 的适当形式 + there ” 构成;需要留意的是陈述部分中是否有 seldom ,hardly ,little, few,no, nothing ,nobody 之类的否定词或半否定词;如有,该部分应看作否定意义,简短问句部分就用确定式;假如陈述部分含有表示否定意义前缀的单词,该部分仍应看作确定意义,简短问句部分要用否定形式;e.g. There is little milk in the fridge,_is there_. 变成反义疑问句冰箱里几乎没有牛奶了,是吗? There is nobody in the classroom, is there. 没有人在老师,是吗? There are many people in the meeting room, arent there. 会议室有很多人,不是吗?反义疑问句的回答用yes, no, 但是,回答意思相反,当陈述部分是否定形式时,回答要按事实: (例句)2 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -考点五、 there be 句型的主谓一样:, 遵循就近原就;There be 结构中的be 动词要和后面所跟名词保持一样句子的主语是某人或某物,谓语动词be 要与主语(某人或某物)的数保持一样;当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一样;当主语是不行数名词时,动词英语单数形式 ;e.g. There is an apple on the table. 桌子上有一个苹果 There are five apples on the table. 桌子上有五个苹果There is one boy and two girls in the classroom. There are two girls and one boy in the classroom.教室里有一个男孩和两个女孩;教室里有两个女孩和一个男孩;There is some water in the cup. 杯子里有一些水;考点六、 there be 句型用的其他动词:there be 句型中有时不用动词 be ,而 come,live,stand,lie,enter,follow,arrive, seemsto be, happen to be, appears to be 等,但不能用 have 代替;e.g. There lives an old man.(翻译)考点七、 there be 句型与 have 句型的区分1 There be 句型和 have 都表示“ 有” 的含义;区分如下:There be 表示“ 某处存在某物或某人” ; have 表示“ 某人拥有某物/ 某人” ,它表示全部、拥有关系;There is an apple on the desk. 课桌上有一个苹果I have an apple. 我有一个苹果2 当 have 表示“ 包括” 、“ 存在” 的含义时,There be 句型与其可互换;e.g. There is an apple in my bag. 我包里有一个苹果 = I have an apple in my bag. 二、小升初典型例题精析:(调整答案位置)例题 1、完成下面的句子或者汉译英1. 黑板上有一幅画;_There is_(格式) a picture on the blackboard. 2. 小镇里有两条河;_There are_ two rivers in the small town. 3. 一个星期有七天;_There are_ seven days in a week. 4. 盒子里有很多苹果;_There are_ many apples in the box. 点拨内容:1、此类题主要考察 there be 句型基本含义的应用,让你娴熟把握 there be 句型的概念、含义,there be 句型该用在何处;2、 解答时易显现 there be 句型与 have 的混淆应用;如写成 there has 或 there have. 3、 解答此类题的时候,如进行汉译英时,先找给出的汉语关键词如“ 有”,再分析是表示全部关系仍是存在关系,如是全部关系就用 have 句型,存在关系就用 there be 句型,然后再依据时态进行判定, 留意主谓一样;第一题主语是 a picture 是单数形式, be 应当用单数形式 is. 其次、三、四题主语分别是 two rivers, seven days, many apples, 是复数形式,所以 be 应用复数形式 are. 例题二、1、There is some milk in the glass.(改为否定句)(2005 年四川省)3 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -There _isnt_ _any_ milk in the glass. 2、There are some fish in the river.变为一般疑问句)(2022年江西省) Are there any fish in the river. 3、Are there any pens on the desk. 作否定回答)(2022年 68所名校毕业会考) No, there arent. 4、There are 56 students in the classroom. 对划线部分提问 _ How_ _many_ students _are _ _there_ in the classroom. 4、 There is a small girl in the room. 对划线部分提问 Whos in the room. 5、 There are many things over there. 对划线部分提问 Whats over there. 6、 There is a computer on the desk.(对划线部分提问)Where is the computer. 点拨内容:1、此类题主要考察there be 句型之间的相互转换,让你娴熟把握there be 句型的;2、解答时易显现特别疑问词应用不正确,有大写等错误;some, any 没有转换,标点符号没有更换,开头字母没3、解答此类题的时候,应第一审题清晰,然后再依据考察的每个考点进行结构套用进行答题;确定变否定:在 be 后面加 not; whos + 介词短语 .”陈述变疑问: be 提前,首字母大写,其余照抄,句号变问号;变特别疑问句:对主语提问:当主语是人的时候,就用who 引导,用“结构;当主语是物的时候,就用what 引导,用“what s + 介词短语 .” 结构;对地点状语提问:就用where 引导,用“where is/are +主语 .” 结构;对数量提问:一般有两种句型结构:How many+复数名词 +are there+ 介词短语?How much+不行数名词 +is there+ 介词短语?所以,解题步骤:第一题,确定变否定形式,直接在 is 后面加 not ;其次题,陈述变疑问,are 提前首字母大写,some 变成 any, 句号变问号;第三题,做否定回答:No,there arent. 第四题,划线部分是 56 ,数字,后面主语是 students, 可数名词,所以应用 how many 提问;第五题,划线部分是 a small girl, 是人,所以应用 who 来提问第六题,划线部分是 many things,是物,所以应用 what 来提问第七题,划线部分是 on the desk, 是地点,所以应用 where 来提问例题三:1、There arent any students in the classroom,_A_. t they A: are there B: arent they C: is there D: isnt they 2、There are many people watching the football match,_B_. A.are there B.arent there C.are they D. aren3、There is no apple on the table.变反意疑问句)4 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - There is no apple on the table,is there. 点拨内容:1、此类题主要考察there be 句型的反意疑问句;然后再依据“ 前肯后否,前否后肯”2、解题时应第一判定前半部分陈述句的句式是确定仍是否定,的原就进行答题;第一题前半部分是否定,后半部分应用确定;其次题前半部分确定,后半部分应用否定;第三题前半部分否定,后半部分应用确定;解题时简单显现后面挑选 are they 或者 is it的情形,留意后面的半部分应是 benot there 结构;例题四:1、 _B_there a typhoon in your city last Sunday. A.Is B.Was C.Are D.Were 2、There is going to _C_ a meeting this afternoon. A.are B.is C.be D.was 点拨内容:1、此类题考查 there be 句型的时态和主谓一样结合问题2、第一题题目中显现了 last Sunday, 上周日,应用过去时,后面主语是 a typhoon, 应用单数形式,两者结合应用 was;其次题题目中显现来 this afternoon, 这个下午,今日下午,应用将来时,there be 句型的将来时为 there will be 或者 there is going to be. 解题时简单显现时态错误,没有正确判定时态问题;例题五:1、There _B_ two chairs and a bed in the room. A.is B.are C.be D.am 2、There _A_ a desk and some chairs in the room.(全国68 所名校精选) A.is B.am C.are D.no 3、There_C_ any water in the glass. A.are B.is C.isn't D.aren't 4、There _A_some rice and noodles on the table. A.is B.are C.isn't D.aren't 点拨内容:1、此类题考察there be 句型主谓一样和就近原就2、解答此类题时,第一要判定句子的主语单复数问题,假如含有并列主语,应利用就近原就进行答题, be 动词要和后面紧挨着最近的那个主语的数保持一样;第一题考察就近原就,be 后面紧挨着的是 two chairs, 全部应用复数形式 are; 其次题考察就近原就,be 后面紧挨着的是 a desk ,所有应用单数形式 is. 第三题,句子中的主语是 water, 为不行数名词,所以应用单数,句中显现来any, 此时留意 any 和 some 的区分, any 用在否定和疑问句,some 用在确定句, 所以此时应是否定句型,答案应为 isn't. 第四题同样是考察就近原就,be 后面紧挨着的是 some rice,判定句子应为确定句,rice 是不行数名词,所以应用 is. 3、解题时简单显现并列主语直接用复数选 are 的错误;例题六:1、There _B_ some oranges in the basket. 2022 年西安市) A.is B.are C.have 2、There_B_some boys over there. A.is B.are C.have D.has 3、There have some grapes on the desk.改错(答案B)5 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A B C D 点拨内容:1、此类题考察 there be 句型和 have 的区分,以及 there be 句型的主谓一样问题,2、解答此类题肯定要留意:第一 there be 和 have 不能同时存在,某地存在某物用 there be,某人有某物用have ,题目中是 in the basket,over there,on the desk 说明是存在关系,应用 there be, 句子的主语分别是 some oranges ,some boys,some grapes, 所以应用复数形式 are. 不能用 have. 3、解题时简单选 have,there be 句型和 have 弄混淆;解答 there be 句型题的时候第一看到句子开头显现 there ,后面让选谓语动词,应当第一判定是考查 there be 句型,全部谓语动词应定位于 最终综合得出选项;举一反三:(考点精炼)一、用 be 动词的适当形式填空;1、There _ some students in the room. be 动词,之后再依据详细时态,主谓一样进行判定,2、There _ a cup of tea and some apples on the table. 3、There _ some flowers in the garden last year. 4、There _ two pens and a pencil in the pencil-case. 5、How many dogs _there. 6、There _ some money in the bag. 二、单项挑选( )1、 How many _ are there in the room. A.apple B.students C.milk D.paper )、 Are there going to_ a meeting. A.have B.be C.is D.will be 3、There _ a door and four windows_ the wall. A.is;in B.are;in C. is;on 4、 There is some milk in the bottle,_. A.isn't there B.aren't there C.isn't it D.are there () 5、 There isn't any water left,_. A.isn't there B.is there C.isn't it D.is it 三、按要求改写句子;1、There are twelve months in a year.变为一般疑问句) _ _ twelve months in a year. 2、He has two balls under his bed.用 there be 句型改写) _ _ _ _ under his bed. 3、There is some milk in the bottle. 改为否定句) _ _ _ milk in the bottle. 4、There are 56 students in the classroom.对划线部分提问) _ _ students _ _ in the classroom. 5、There isn't a cup on the table. 变反意疑问句) There isn't a cup on the table,_. 四、连词成句 1、 the park,people,are,in,there,some . 2、 aren't,any,the tree,there,apples,on . 6 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3、 some,the shop,there,in,beautiful,are,dresses . 4、 family,in,are,there,three,my,people . 考点精炼答案: 复查答案)一: 1、are 2、is 3、were 4、are 5、 are 6、is 二: 1-5 BBAAB 三: 1、Are,there 2、There, are,two,balls 3、There,isn't,any/There,is.,no 4、How,many,are,there 5、is,there 四: 1、There are some people in the park. 2、There aren't any apples on the tree. 3、There are some beautiful dresses in the shop. 4、There are three people in my family. 7 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -