2022年小学英语语法总结与练习包括六年级.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学校英语语法总结与练习感叹句感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及诧异、诧异等剧烈感情的句子；感叹句通常由 what 或 how 引导；现分述如下：一、由 what 引导的感叹句,其句子结构可分为以下三种：1. 可用句型：“ What + a/an 形容词可数名词单数主语谓语！” ；如：What a nice present it is. What an interesting book it is. 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！它是一本多么好玩的书啊！2. 可用句型：“ What 形容词可数名词复数主语谓语！” ；如：What beautiful flowers they are. What good children they are. 多么美丽的花啊！他们是多么好的孩子啊！3. 可用句型：“ What 形容词不行数名词主语谓语！” ；如：What fine weather it is today. What important news it is. 今日天气多好啊！多重要的新闻啊！二、由 how 引导的感叹句,其句子结构也分为三种：1. 可用句型：“ How 形容词 / 副词主语谓语！” ；如：How careful she is. 她多么细心啊！How fast he runs. 他跑得多快啊！2. 可用句型：“ How 形容词 a/an 可数名词单数主语谓语！” ；如：How beautiful a girl she is. 她是个多么美丽的姑娘啊！3. 可用句型：“ How 主语谓语！” ； 如： How time flies. 光阴似箭！由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换,但句中部分单词 的次序要有所变化；如：How beautiful a girl she is. What delicious cakes these are. What a beautiful girl she is. How delicious these cakes are. 三、有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句、陈述句等构成；如： Good idea. （好想法！）wonderful. （太出色了！） Thank goodness. （谢 天谢地！）感叹句巧解：感叹句要看后面,即看形容词后的东东,1 如形容词后紧跟可数名词单数,就用 复数,只用 what；what a/an ；是不行数名词或可数名词2）如形容词后后紧跟a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Toms 等等乱七八糟的东西,想都不用想,直接用how就 OK了；如：例句 1：What a good boy he is. 例句 2：What good boys they are. 他是个多么好的男孩啊！他们是多么好的男孩啊！名师归纳总结 例句 3：What cold weather it is. 多么冷的天气啊！第 1 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 例句 4：How good the boy is. 这男孩多好啊！ 如没有形容词,而显现副词或是句子,直接用 how. 例： iHow well he plays the guitar. 用 how）（what 不行以修饰副词,看到副词直接iiHow time flies. 句子 iiiHowfastLiu Xiang runs 打油诗一首 : 感叹句往后看；形容词后是名单；就用what a 或 what an ；形后如是不行数或名复数；只用 what 就可以；形容词后乱糟糟；只写 how就 OK了；感叹句专项练习一、填入适当的词完成以下感叹句；1._ difficult homework we had yesterday. 2._cute dog it is. 3._ interesting the story is. 4._ bad the weather in England is. 5._ honest boy Tom is ！6._ tasty smell the cake gave off. 7._ good time we had on the beach yesterday. 8._ exciting news you've brought us. 9._cool your new car is. 10._ scary these tigers are. 二、挑选填空；1. _ fast the boy ran. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an C. How, D. What an 2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances. A. How, how B. What, what what D. What, how 3. _ delicious the soup is. I d like some more. A. How B. How an C. What 4. _ fools they were. They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 5. _ foolish they were. They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 6. _ difficult questions they are. I cant answer them.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 7. I miss my friend very much. _ I want to see her. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 8. _ lovely weather we are having these days. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 9. _ beautiful your new dress is. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 10. _ interesting work it is to teach children. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 三、所给句子填空,使填空句变为相应的感叹句：1. The boy swam very fast.（同义句） _ _ the boy swam. 2. The school trip is very exciting. （同义句） _ _ the school trip is. 3. Hei Longjiang looks very beautiful in winter. （同义句）_ _ Hei Longjiang looks in winter. 4. It is a very useful dictionary. （同义句）_ _ _ dictionary it is. _ _ _ dictionary is. 5. The students are listening very carefully. _ _ the students are listening. 时态复习：一、 一般现在时 1. 概念：常常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况； 2. 时间状语： Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week day, year, month , once a week, on Sundays, 3. 基本结构： 动词 原形 （如主语为第三人称单数, 动词上要改为第三人称单 数形式） 4. 否定形式：主语 +am/is/are +not+其他; 此时态的谓语动词如为行为动词,就在其前加 don't, 仍原行为动词；如主语为第三人称单数, 就用 doesn't ,同时 5. 一般疑问句： 把 be 动词放于句首； 用助动词 do 提问,如主语为第三人称单 数,就用 does,同时,仍原行为动词；Eg:i It seldom snows here. Ii He is always ready to help others. Iii Action speaks louder than words. 名师归纳总结 课堂练习 1： 第 3 页,共 10 页根据要求改写句子；1. Daniel watches TV every evening. Daniel TV every evening. 改为否定句 2. I do my homework every day . 改为一般疑问句并作否定回答 you homework every day？No,I . 3. She likes milk.（改为一般疑问句并作确定回答） she milk. Yes.,she . 4. Simon is from Beijing. 同义句改写 Simon Beijing. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 5. Millie is clever at Maths. 同义句改写 Millie Maths . 6、Sandy has long hair in a ponytail. 改为一般疑问句并作确定回答 Sandy long hair in a ponytail. Yes , . 7、Simon and Daniel are good friends . 改为否定句 Simon and Daniel _ good friends. 8、We are in the school football team. 改为一般疑问句并作确定回答 you in the school football team. Yes, . 9、Amy likes playing computer games. 改为一般疑问句并作否定回答 _ Amy _ playing computer games. No, _ _. 10、We go to school every morning . 改为否定句 We _ _ to school every morning. 11、She is always ready to help others. 改为一般疑问句并作否定回答 _ she always ready to help others. No, _ _. 12、The earth goes around the sun. 改为一般疑问句并作确定回答 _ the earth _ around the sun. Yes, _ _. 13、He speaks English very well. 改为否定句 He _ speak English well. 14、John comes from Canada. 对划线部分提问 Where _John _ from. 15、I like taking my dog for a walk after supper. What _ you _ _ after supper. 改错 :1. Is your brother speak English. 2. Does he looks like his father. 3. He likes play games after class. 4. Mr Wu teachs us English. 5. She doesnt her homework on Sundays. 二、 一般过去时 1. 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、常常性的动作、行为； 2. 时间 状语： ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, lastyear, night, month , in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3. 基本结构： be 动词；行为动词 的过去式 4. 否定形式：主语 +was/were +not+ 其他 ; 在行为动词前加 didn't,同时仍原行为动词 ； 5. 一般疑问句： was或 were 放句首；用助动词 do 的过去式 did 提问,同时仍原行为动词； Eg:iShe often came to help us in those days. Ii I didn't know you were so busy. 课堂练习 2 写出以下动词的三单现和过去式go _ _ enjoy _ _ buy _ _ eat_ _ get _ _ walk _ _ take_ _ dance_ _ write _ _ run_ _swim_ _ find _ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - _ begin_ _ play _ _ study _ _ 句型转换 1. The children had a good time in the park. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 对划线部分提问： _ 2. There were about nine hundred people at the concert. 音乐会 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 对划线部分提问： _ 3. Ann did her homework yesterday evening. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 对划线部分提问： _ 4. Last week I read an English book. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 确定 / 否定回答： _ 对划线部分提问： _ 对划线部分提问： _ 5. She had some bread for lunch today. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 确定 / 否定回答： _ 对划线部分提问： _ 6. They read English last night. 否定句： _ 一般疑问句： _ 确定 / 否定回答： _ 对划线部分提问： _ 三、现在进行时 1. 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为； 2. 时间状语： Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen 3. 基本结构：主语 +be +doing + 其他 4. 否定形式：主语 +be +not +doing+ 其他 5. 一般疑问句：把 be 动词放于句首；Eg: iHow are you feeling today. Ii He is doing well in his lessons. 四、现在完成时名师归纳总结 1. 概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经第 5 页,共 10 页开头,连续到现在的动作或状态；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2. 时间状语： yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+ for+ 时间段, recently, lately, in the past few years, etc. 时间点, 3. 基本结构：主语 +have/has +p.p （过去分词） +其他 4. 否定形式：主语 +have/has + not +p.p（过去分词） +其他 5. 一般疑问句： Have或 Has 放于句首； Eg:iI've written an article. Ii The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years. 课堂练习 4：I 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. I_ already _ see the film. I _ see it last week. 2. _ he _finish his work today . Not yet . 3. _ you _be to Hong Kong . Yes, I _ be there twice 4. He _ just _ finish his homework. 5. _ the young woman ever _travel to England. 6. _ each of you _read “ Gone with the wind” yet.7. Have you _get any new CDs. 8. My family have never _ be to Sanya. 9. They _ ever _ eat fish and chips. 10. I _ just _ lose my science book. 11. Has Tom _ finish his work. 12. I have already _ read this book. 13. She hasn't _return her book yet. 14. _ you ever _eat chocolate sundaes . No, neve r. 15. My father _just _come back from work. He is tired n ow. ice. 16. Where s Li Ming . He _ go to the teachers off17. Shanghai _ be a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it _ become a large city. 18. I _ work here since I _ move here in 1999. 19. So far I _make quite a few friends here. 20. How long _ the Wangs _stay here . For two week s. 21. I _ just _ finish my homework. 22. He _ go to school on foot every day. 23. _ you _ find your science book yet. 24. If it _ be fine tomorrow, I'll go with you. 25. She doesn't like the children _ play in the room. 26. The students _ read English when the teacher came in. 27. Look. The monkey _ climb the tree. 28. My mother _ come to see me next Sunday. 29. How many sheep _ you _ get. Only one. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - e.30. I've lost my pen. _ you _ see it anywherII. 句型转换 每空一词 ；1. I have been to Macau before. fore. 改否定句 I _ _ been to Macau be2.He hasn t come to school because hes ill 就划线部分提问 _ _ he come to school. 3.He has learned English for 5 years. 就划线部分提问 _ _ _ _ learned English . 4 I bough a new bike just now.用 just改写 I _ just _ a ne 改为同义句 w bike. 5. We began to learn English three years ago.We _ _English _three years III. 填入 has / have been 或 has / have gone. 1. Harry ： I saw you in Annabel's Restaurant last night. Diana： No, it wasn't me. I never there. 2. Sam： Sally and Tim are on holiday, aren't they. Where they . Sue：To Florida, again. Sam： How many times they there. Sue： This is their third visit. 3. Joe ： Can I have an apple, please. Mary： We haven't got any. I not to the shops today. 4. Alan ： Where's Tony. Mary： He's got a headache so he to bed. 5. Steve ： Can I speak to Jill, please. Lynn： She's out, I'm afraid. She to the cinema this even ing. Steve： Again. She already to the cinema three ti mes this week. IV. 用 for 或 since 填空；1. Jill has been in Ireland Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland three days. 3. My aunt has lived in Australia 15 days. 4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there 7 o'clock. 5. India has been an independent country 1974. 6. The bus is late. We've been waiting 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many year s. 8. Mike has been ill a long time. He has been in hospital October. 单项挑选：课后作业 1. Li Hong has _ the army for 2 years. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. joined B. joined to C. been in D. joine d in 2. We have been friends since _. A. children B. five years C. five years ago D. five years befor e 3. Mike _ the story for a month. A. Has bought B. Has had C. had had D. has borrowed 4. You _ that question three times. A. already asked B. have already asked C.already have asked D.asked a lready 5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou _. A. since last week B. a week ago C. for a week D. since a week a go 6. I _ at this school for two years already. A. am studying B. study C. studied D. have stud ied 7. They _ in the city since last summer. A. live B. didnt live C. have lived D. live 8. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _ 1992. A. since B. from C. after D. in 9. Mr. Black _ China since the summer of 1998. A. has been to B. has been in C. has come to D. came to 10. You d better go on _ English. A. study B. studied C. studying D. to study 五、 一般将来时 1. 概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及准备、方案或预备做某事； 2. 时间状语： Tomorrow, next dayweek, month, year ,soon, in a few minutes, by ,the day after tomorrow, etc. 3. 基本结构：主语 +am/is/are +going to + do+其他；主语 +will/shall + do+ 其他 4. 否定形式：主语 +am/is/are not going to do 其他；主语 +will/shall not do+ 5. 一般疑问句： be 放于句首； will/shall 提到句首； Eg ：iThey are going to have a competition is going to rain. 课堂练习 3 with us in studies. Ii It 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be 2. Charlie _ here