2022年定语从句讲义.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载定语从句讲义在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句,被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词；从句放在所修饰词（即先行词）之后,由关系副词或关系代词引导；关系词一般位于先行词与定语从句之间且作为定语从句的一个句子成分；关系代词：who whom whose which that关系副词： where when why 关系代词 特点： 这些关系代词在定语从句中作主语和宾语,作主语时关系代词不行省略,作宾语时可以省略；1 当先行词指人时用 who/whom, 如在句中作主语就用 who, 作宾语时就用 whom;e.g. 1 The young man who is sitting beside Mr. Liu is my brother. 先行词 关系代词坐在刘先生旁边的那个男人是我的弟弟；2 Who is the girl whom you just said goodbye to . 3 我喜爱的那个女孩没有在这儿；. 4 光荣和你说话的那个人是我们的老师；5 The girls who weren t badly hurt in the accident are my classmates. 2 当先行词指物时用 which; whose 是 who 和 which 的全部格形式,表示” .的” ；e.g. 1 A plane is a machine which can fly. 先行词 关系代词2 I want to show you the shop which is the nearest from here. 3 我放在桌子上的那件外套是黑色的；4 我正在听的那个音乐是特别精妙的；3 that 既可以指人也可以指物；e.g. 1 The story that you told me yesterday was really interesting. 先行词blouse 关系代词made of silk is expensive. I can t afford it. 2 The that is 3 我想要玩你上周给我看的那个嬉戏；4 我昨天看的那本书是古龙写的；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载【例题】 1 I hate people _ talk much but do little. A whom B which C who D when 解析 定语从句的先行词指人且关系代词作主语,应选 C2 The book _ he bought yesterday is very interesting. A / B why C when D what 3 I am looking at the photo _you sent me with your letter. A who B whom C which D it 【留意】假如序数词、 形容词最高级修饰先行词或先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, anything 等不定代词或先行词有the only 修饰时,要用关系代词that 引导；e.g. This is the first time that we meet each other. 【解析】 由于这句话中的的先行词是time, 而且先行词被序数词first 修饰, 故用 that 而不用 which. 2 That is all that you should let you know. about “The football match ”. 3 The children like the second lesson that is 4 这是我通过的最优意思的故事；5 这是能使我们欢乐的一切东西；关系副词 特点： 关系副词在定语从句中代替先行词,作状语,不行省略；1 when 指时间 在定语从句中作时间状语；e.g. 1 I will never forget the time when I first reached Beijing. 2 Winter is the season when children often go skating in the north. 3 我仍记得我第一次来北京的那天；4 我永久也忘不了我加入共青团League的那天we had sports meeting last 2where 指地点在定语从句中作地点状语e.g. 1 We well go to the place where year. 2 这是你爸爸诞生的那所城市；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载3 我想要去拜望一下你上次去的那个地方；34 This is the hours where I lived two years ago. why 指缘由其先行词只有表示缘由的reason（缘由）一词；在定语从句中作缘由状语从句；e.g. 1 Please tell me the reason why you didn t finish your homework. 2 Who knows the reason why she is crying so sadly. 3 我们不知道他突然生病的缘由；【例题】I love the small village _ I was born. A that B which C where D whose 【练习题】1 The young lady _we meet yesterday is our new maths teacher. A what B whose C whom D which 2 The young man _is a friend of mine. A who I had a talk B whom I had a talk with C which I had a talk with D whom I had a talk 3 Do you know the girl _father owns a company. A who B which C that D whose 4 My necklace is not the only thing _is missing. A what B/ C which D who 5 Who is the woman _was talking to our English teacher.Oh. It is Mrs. Baker, our American friend. A he B that C whom D which 6 What we have heard is different from _. D we have seen A we seen B what we seen C what we have seen 7 There is nothing _ I want to say. A which B what C whatever D that 8 Children like houses _are painted in different colours. A which B they C those D what 9 This is our house _we lives for ten years. A that B which C where D when 10 I will never the day _ my daughter was born. A which B when C who D where 11 I know the reason _ he came late. A which B what C because D why 12The town_ we visited a few years ago is much larger than before. A it B who C which D where 13 I like to live in a house _ is big and bright. A that B who C how D what 14 This was the best model of a radio set _the factory produced in 1997. A that B where C which D when 15 Do you know anyone _knows about the history of the Ming Tombs. A which B whom C whose D that 16This is the worker _son died in a traffic accident. A whose B whom C who D that 17 I don t know reason _she didn t agree to our study plan. A when B why C who D that 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载18We ll never forget the day _ the teacher came to see me in the hospital. A that B when C why D which 19 Yesterday I met Dr. Li _told me the good news. A who B when C which D when 20The two pupils_ you taught three years ago have become drivers. A when B whom C where D whose 21 The first thing _ my sister is going to do this evening is to write a report about English study. A which B who C that D why 22 This place _you are standing was the site of an old church. A who B where C which D that 23 You can telephone the people _ you want to invite to dinner. A whom B where C which D why 24 This is the biggest tiger _has ever been shown in the zoo. A that B which C who D whom 25 This is the man _photo I took yesterday. A who B whose C whom D that 26 The doctor_ is treating for your heart trouble is a friend of mine. A who B when C which D whom 27 Mary, _ dress is all white, looks very pretty. A who B whom C whose D that 28 Who s the man _ you just talked with. A who B whom C that D all the above 29 This is the book _I am looking for. A / B which C that D all the above 30 This is the only boy _read the book. A who B whom C which D whose 31 This is the only book _ I bought last year. A which B that C what D who 32 All the books _ I put on the desk are yours. A that B which C what D Both A and 33 This is the best book _ I have read. A that B which C what D Both A and 34 All _I am going to do is good. A that B which C what D Both A and 依据汉语完成句子 1 The man _ 正在浇花 is my uncle. 2 Here is all the money _ 我所拥有的 3 The necklace is not the only thing _ 我所丢失的 4 I saw an old man and the dog _ 正在街上漫步的 on the road 5 The English book _ 封皮是红色的 was lost. 把以下单据合并成定语从句 1 The story book is good. He is reading it. 2 The watch is very nice. He gave me the watch for my birthday. 3This is the room. We lived in last year. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 4 页