2022年bunit知识点归纳A综述.docx

名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -8BUnit6 学问点归纳1. traina.动词 “锤炼,训练,培育” e.g.He is training to be a doctor. The dog is trained in helping blind man. b.名词 “ 火车,列车 ”e.g. I got up so late that I didnt catch the train this morning. c.相关短语： be trained in 在 方面接受训练 train as +某身份 为成为 .而训练train for 为 .而训练go into training 从事锤炼；参与训练train oneself 训练自己 It s necessary that you train yourself before the walkHe trained as a teacher two years ago. d.training n. 训练, 培训a training center 训练中心, 培训中心trainer n.教练, 驯兽师辨析： train, drill, exercise, practice Train 用于思想人格方面的训练 Exercise 锤炼心智和体力的训练Drill 常用于技术方面的训练 Practice 指不断反复的“ 实践”2. Its meaningful to do sth. meaningful adj. 有意义的meaningless adj.没有意义的meaning n.意思 ,含义 ,意义e.g. Do you know the meaning of this word. It s meaningful to donate money to Project Hope.Mean a.吝啬的 ,小气的；薄情的 +about/over/with Don't be so mean to your little brother. b.意思是；准备；意味Her husband is very mean about money. I mean to call on you tomorrow. What does this word mean. Becoming a millionaire didn't mean an end to his money worries. c.相关短语： mean to do sth 准备做某事mean doing sth 意味着做某事be mean about /over/with sth 在某方面小气 3. need a.行为动词 “需要 ”,一般不用进行时,可用句型： need sth e.g. I need a cup of tea. need sb to do sth e.g. I need you to clean the classroom. sth need doing= sth need to be done e.g. The classroom needs cleaning.=The classroom needs to be cleaned.b.情态动词,无人称或数的变化,多用于否定句和疑问句；变疑问句时,直接把 need not 或 needn t；need提前,变否定句用 Need I hand in my homework now. We need not pay for the drinks. They are free. c. need n.需求,需要 in need “ 出于需要状态”We have no need to be afraid of them. A friend in need is a friend in deed. We are donating money for children in need. 4. need some more food More 在此是 adj.修饰可数名词和不行数名词；another+ 数词 +n. = 数词 +more+n. （more 在此表示“ 额外的,另外的”）e.g.Lets find two more people for our team.5. I dont think 否定前移6. a disabled person disabled adj.残疾的 disability n. 残疾,劳动才能丢失the sick, elderly and disabled 老弱病残7. an elderly personelderly adj. 年老的the elderly 老年人 第 1 页,共 7 页 the poor, the rich, the homeless the +adj：表示一类人细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -8. a homeless person homeless adj.无家可归的 联想： helpless, hopeless, careless 9. deaf people deaf adj.聋的 deafness n. 聋 deafen v. 使聋,惊天动地deaf-mute 聋哑者 deaf-aid 助听器turn a deaf ear to 对 充耳不闻They are as deaf as those who won t hear. 充耳不闻blind: adj. 瞎的blind 的主语是人而不是眼睛 turn a deaf eye to/be blind to 对 .视而不见go blind 失明 blindness n. 失明 the blind 盲人10.help them cross the road注： cross动词 -across介词 Help sb do sth Help sb with sth help to do sth ask for help helpful helpless 11.Its +adj+to do sth.做 是 . It s hard to learn a language. 12. I want you to help me . want sth want to do sth want sb to do sth 13. Are there any other ways to help them. any other, “ 任何其他的”,后面可接名词单数和复数,区分在于 1.后接单数可数名词时,表示在某一范畴内,除了 sb/sth 以外的任何别的 sb/sth；2. 后接复数名词时,表示在某一范围内,除了 sb/sth 以外的任何剩余的 sb/sth 的全部；He is taller than any other boy in our class. Do you have any other ideas. 假如表示在不同范畴内俩个人/物的比较,用any other+单数名词China is larger than any other country in Asia. （相同范畴）China is larger than any other country in Oceania. （不同范畴）Way 的用法：“ 方式,方法a great/good way to do sth= a great/good way of doing sth the best way to do/ of doing sth “ 做某事的正确方式”Reading “ 做某事的一个好方式”1.what to expect 期望什么expect to do sth expect sb to do sth expect that Hunter expects that she will come. Anyone can t expect to learn a foreign language in a week. 2. volunteer for the Special Olympics World Summer Games 为夏季残奥会做理想者volunteer v.理想做,义务做 n. 理想者volunteer to do sth 义务做某事,主动做某事 volunteer for sth 3.the most amazing experience of his 他生活中最难忘的经受Experience n. 经受（可数）；体会（不行数） 表示做某事的体会, 其后通常接 in of doing sth ；He has had many yearsexperience in of wheat planting / planting wheat. v 表示“ 体验”“ 经受” 等,The child had never experienced kindness. 这孩子从未受过善待；He experienced great hardships for the first time in his life. 苦；他有生以来第一次体验到庞大的艰4.necessary adj.必需的,必要的n.必需品unnecessary不必要的,余外的 第 2 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - If necessary 假如有必要be necessary for 必需,有 .必要It necessary for sb. to do sth. 5. athlete n.运动员athletic adj. 健壮的,运动的athletic n. 田径运动会,体育运动细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -6.coach n.教练 v.训练,指导football coach head coach 总教练,主教练assistant coach 助理教练7.give sb a chance to do sth 给某人一个机会做某事Chance n. 机会=opportunity by chance 偶然 by any chance 万一Miss a chance a chance to do sth a chance of doing sth 8.Event 运动 竞赛项目；大事a historical event a social event in the event of 假如,万一in the event that 假如,万一It s easy to be wise after the event. 9. similar adj. 相像的,类似的无比较级和最高级 be similar to 与 相像,与 类似be similar in 在某些方面相像Most of them serve Xinjiang food, which is very similar to the food she eats. 10.give up sth/ give sth up 舍弃某事give it up give up doing sth 舍弃做某事give up 屈服11.be born with 生来具有 be born to do 生为 She was born to succeed. 12.take part in 参与 join in join 13.not but 不是 而是14.get to do sth 有机会做某事补充： get to 逐步 15.achieve one s dream = realize one s dream=make ones dream come true 实现某人的理想achieve vt.实现,达到achievement n.成就,成果achieve adj.可以完成的16.gold n. 金； 金牌 silver n. 银；银牌Speech is silver, silence is gold. 能言是银,缄默是金；prize n.奖赏,奖品= award n. 奖品,奖Price n.价格Prise n.奖赏,观赏first prize 一等奖Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖16.include v. “ 包含,包括 ”,后面可接名词或动名词Zhuziqing s work includes poetry and prose. Include, contain Include “ 包含,包括 在内” ,强调容纳某东西成为整体的一部分 contain “含有,里面装有”, 强调某物容纳比其更小的东西the price of the dictionary includes postage charges. Does this box contain biscuits. Including prep. “包含,包括 ”She has many hobbies including jogging, swimming and skiing. Included, include 的过去式,表示“ 包括在内的”,只放于名词后做定语；This is the whole bill, the service included.= This is the whole bill, including the service. 17.Try one s best to do sth=try to do sth 尽力做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事Have a try 尝试一下,试一下Try this way 尝试一下这个方法18.Feel like “ 感觉像” “ 摸起来像”I feel like a big fool. The new man-made material feels like real leather. feel like sth/ doing sth 想要某事 /做某事 feel like oneself “ 觉得身体情形正常”I dont feel like myself today. Grammar 1. Donate v. 捐献,捐赠donation n. 捐赠品,捐赠物细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -donate money to sb 为某人捐款raise money for sb 为某人筹款2. Charity n. 慈善机构；慈善 Charity school 慈善学校 charity sale 义卖3. Trouble n.麻烦（不行数）Some/little/much/great/no trouble Have trouble with sth Have trouble in doing sth Get out of trouble Get in trouble be in trouble make trouble 引起麻烦 ask for trouble 自找麻烦4. provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb. offer sb sth =offer sth to sb offer to do sth 主动提出做某事Integrated skills 1. 2. 3.savev.储备,储蓄；挽救save money/time 省钱 /时 save one s life teach sb sth =teach sth to sb teacher sb to do sth teach oneself 自学not .any more “不再,再没有 ” 相当于 no more. I can t believe you any more.= I can no more believe you. not .any longer = no longer 表示时间上不再连续；I am not a child any longer. not .any more. 至数量上不再增加或动作不再重复The baby didn cry any more. Task 1. be ill in hospital 生病住院in hospital 住院in the hospital 在医院（可能在医院工作或在医院看病人）2. have a serious blood disease 患有严峻的血液疾病 Disease n.疾病 泛指各种疾病,特别指传染病和重大疾病 The disease is carried by rats. Illness 多指难以医治慢性病或或身体虚弱等影响生活的疾病 He didn go to school because of his illness. Sickness 多指晕船、恶心、胃病等等方面的疾病或有关饮食的疾病；Many people died of hunger and sickness. 3. Operation n.手术 operate v.运作,造作operational adj. 运转正常的,操作上的do/perform an operation 做手术 She had an operation on her eyes. 4. as soon as possible 尽可能快地as +adj./adv原级 + as possible As for junk food, I think you should eat as little as possible as .as possible 可与 as . as sb can/could You must come back as soon as possible.= you must come back as soon as you can. 5. both adj.俩者都be both both+动词both .andboth of Both Linlin and I have been to Beijing. Both of the sisters like the book. 6. give a helping hand 伸出救济之手7. get well 康复【留意】 well 作形容词表示身体的健康细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Grammar It 作形式主语一、It is +adj. +that It 做形式主语,真正主语是that 引导的从句, adj 是用来说明后面主句的性质特点,常用形容词有：clear, possible, wrong, sad, necessary, difficult, important, certain, true, surprising . It is dangerous that you cross the road now. It is important that the students learn team spirit. 二、It is +adj. +to do sth to do sth 是真正主语；It 做形式主语,动词不定式It is happy to help others learn English. It is possible to finish it within an hour. It is wrong to look down on/upon poor children. It is unwise to give the children whatever they want. 三、It is +adj. + for sb to do sth It 做形式主语, for 引出动词不定式的规律主语sb,adj 只是说明动词不定式的特点而不是表示人的性质或特点；常用形容词有： necessary, difficult, important, easy, hard, interesting It is necessary for people to eat and sleep every day. It is important for you to read English. It s necessary for the young to master two foreign language.四、It is +adj. + of sb to do sth It 做形式主语, of 引出动词不定式的规律主语sb,adj 表示动词不定式主语的特点；常用形容词有：kind, foolish, nice, silly, generous, clever, careful, selfish等表示心理品质,性格特点的形容词,某人和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构；如：It s very kind of you to help me with the work.=You are kind to help me with the work. It seemed selfish of him not to share his dictionary with others. =He seemed selfish not to share his dictionary with others. 五、It + take sb. + 时间（金钱） + 动词不定式,如：It took the workers almost three years to finish building the dam. It will take a whole day to get to the top of the mountain on foot. 六、留意：第一种和其次种句式可互换,意思不变；It is useful to bring a map with you while travelling. = It is useful that you bring a map with you while travelling. It is dangerous for people to go hiking alone. = It is dangerous that people go hiking alone. It is meaningful that he plants a tree near the river every year. = It is meaningful for him to plant a tree near the river every year. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -It 作形式主语常见句型 动词不定式,动名词或主语从句作主语时,通常把它们放在谓语动词前,而用 it 作形 式主语,放到句首,常见句型有：1. It + be + 形容词 +主语从句,如：It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny s birthday party or not. 2. It + be + 名词词组+ 主语从句,这类名词有：a fact, a pity, a shame, an honour,a question 等,如：It s a pity that you missed the exciting football match. It remains a question whether he will come or not. 3. It + be + 过去分词 + 主语从句,这类过去分词有：announced, believed, expected, 等,如：hoped, decided, reported, said, shown It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake. It is not decided who will give the operation to the patient. 4. It + 不及物动词 seem, appear, happen 等 + 主语从句 , 这类不及物动词有：appear, happen, seem 等,如：It seemed that he didn t tell the truth. It happened that I was out when he called. 7. It + be + 名词词组 + 动词不定式,如：It is not a good habit to stay up too late. 8. It + be + 名词或形容词+ 动名词, 这类名词和形容词经常是：good, no good, no use, a waste of, useless, senseless等,如：It s a waste of time talking to her any more. It is no use arguing about the matter with him. 实战演练：1. It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants. NMET 1997 A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 2. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. 2001 上海 A. this B. that C. there D. it language. 3. is a fact that English is being accepted as an international NMET1995 A. There B. This C. That D. It 4. Is necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab. MET88 A. everyone B. this C. her D. it 5. _ will take you a lot of time to find him in the crowd. A . It B. I C. We D. They 6. It is no use his _ there, the situation is hopeless now. A. to go B. to be going C. going D. having gone 7. It is never too late to learn, _. A . is it B. isn t it C. does it D. doesn t it 8. _ is known to all that Shenzhou VI Launched Successfully. A. As B. What C. It D. That 9. _ is reported in the newspaper, the Earthquake in east China's Jiangxi Province killed 13 people 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页,共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A. It B. As C. That D. What 10. _ certain that his invention will make people s life convenient. A. That s B. This is C. It s D. What s 11. _ that there is another football match on the air this evening. A. It says B. It was said C. It is said D. What was said 12. _ that their daughter got an opportunity to study abroad. A. It s a exciting news B. This is an exciting news C. This is exiting news D. It s exciting news 参考答案：1 5 BDDDA 6 10CACAC 11 12CD 第 7 页,共 7 页 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -