2022年doing和todo作主语时的 .pdf

To do 作主语和 doing 作主语有什么区别？2011-12-21 18:49 提问者： 兰志学| 浏览次数： 280 次例如（）（protect ）wild animals ，we must protect the places where they live. 应该是 To protect 对么？我来帮他解答2011-12-21 22:22 满意回答本题题意为为了保护动物，我们必须保护他们生存的地方这里用 to do 作主语 表目的to do 和 doing 作主语的区别1）一般来说，表示比较抽象的行为动作时多用动名词doing ；表示比较具体的某次行为动作时多用不定式to do。如：No smoking is permitted here. It is not very good for you to smoke so much. Reading more is necessary. It is quite necessary to read it again. 2）在许多情况下，两者可以互换，意义上没有太大的差别。如：Seeing him happy made me happy too. It made me happy to see him happy. It is useless learning something without practising it. It is useless to learn something without practising it. 3）不定式 to do 作主语时，常使用形式主语结构；而动名词doing 作主语时，较少用形式主语结构，只有在It is no good, It is no use, It is useless, It is worthwhile 等句型中出现it 作形式主语现象。如：It is hard to make him change him mind. It is not an easy thing to master a language. How would it be to start tomorrow? It took all his strength to move out of the crowds. It seemed a pity to give up the chance. Business is business and it will not do to be so careless. It is no good pretending to know what you dont know. It is no use regretting the past. It is worthwhile learning another language. 4）在 there is no . 句型中的主语只能用动名词doing，并且不能带逻辑主语。如：There is no denying the fact. Well, you have said it and there is no taking it back. 上述句子的意思如用不定式to do 则分别为：It is impossible to deny the fact. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - Well, you have said it and it is impossible for you to take it back. 5）doing 作主语时强调的是做那件事的状态，而to do 作主语时主要表示一般现在时或者是将来时的事情To do 和 Doing 作主语时的区别看了各位的议论，我想在此和大家一起将动名词和不定式作主语时的用法和注意点作一讨论。动名词和不定式都可以作主语。1）一般来说，表示比较抽象的行为动作时多用动名词；表示比较具体的某次行为动作时多用不定式。如：No smoking is permitted here. It is not very good for you to smoke so much. Reading more is necessary. It is quite necessary to read it again. 2）在许多情况下，两者可以互换，意义上没有太大的差别。如：Seeing him happy made me happy too. It made me happy to see him happy. It is useless learning something without practising it. It is useless to learn something without practising it. 3）不定式作主语时，常使用形式主语结构；而动名词作主语时，较少用形式主语结构，只有在 It is no good, It is no use, It is useless, It is worthwhile 等句型中出现 it 作形式主语现象。如：It is hard to make him change him mind. It is not an easy thing to master a language. How would it be to start tomorrow? It took all his strength to move out of the crowds. It seemed a pity to give up the chance. Business is business and it will not do to be so careless. It is no good pretending to know what you dont know. It is no use regretting the past. It is worthwhile learning another language. 4）在 there is no . 句型中的主语只能用动名词，并且不能带逻辑主语。如：There is no denying the fact. Well, you have said it and there is no taking it back. 上述句子的意思如用不定式则分别为：It is impossible to deny the fact. Well, you have said it and it is impossible for you to take it back. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - 现在回到本题：_computers is my job. A.To sell B.Sell C.Selling D.Sold 这里讲的是一个笼统的，抽象的动作行为。“销售电脑是我的工作 / 我的工作是销售电脑。”所以说：Selling computers is my job. 试比较：Teaching English is my job. （笼统、抽象、泛指）To teach you English this term is my job. （具体、特指）不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smoking is prohibited( 禁止 )here这里禁止抽烟。(抽象 ) It is not very good for you to smoke so much 你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体 ) (2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climbing mountains is interesting 爬山很有趣。(经验 ) Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验 ) （3）不定式做主语，一般用it 当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。It took me only five minutes to finish the job. 英语语法大全- 初中英语近义词对比（to do 和 doing 的区别）发布日期： 2009-9-22 作者：佚名下列动词或词组后面都可以接doing: 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - admit 承认appreciate 感激avoid 避免complete 完成consider认为delay 耽误deny 否认detest 讨厌endure 忍受enjoy 喜欢escape 逃脱fancy 想象finish 完成imagine 想象mind 介意miss 想念postpone 推迟practice 训练recall 回忆resent 讨厌resume 继续resist 抵抗risk 冒险suggest 建议face 面对include 包括stand 忍受understand 理解forgive 宽恕keep 继续名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - 例如： Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。admit to prefer to be used to lead to devote oneself to object to stick to no good no use be fond of look forward to be proud of be busy cant help be tired of be capable of be afraid of think of burst out keep on insist on count on set about put off be good at take up give up be successful in 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - 下列动词或词组都可以用不定式：afford aim agree arrange ask decide bother care choose demand desire determine elect endeavor hope fail help learn long 渴望mean manage offer plan pretend refuse tend undertake expect 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - hate intend 例如：The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。He offered to help me. 他表示愿意帮助我。需要省略 to 的不定式的情况有：1） 情态动词（ 除 ought 外） 后。2） 使役动词 let, have, make后，感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后。注意：被动语态中不能省去to 。例如：I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。=He was seen to dance. The boss made them work the whole night. 老板让他们整夜干活。=They were made to work the whole night. 3） would rather，had better句型后4） Why / why no 句型后5） help 后可带 to ，也可不带to, help sb （to ） do sth：6） but 和 except 后。 but 前是实义动词do 时，后面出现的不定式不带to 。比较： He wants to do nothing but go out. 他只想出去玩。He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine. 除了吃这药，他什么都信。7） 由 and, or和 than 连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去：8） 通常在 discover, imagine, suppose, think等词后作宾补时，可以省去to be 。例如：He is supposed （to be ） nice. 他应该是个好人。一些重要的区分：1) stop doing/to do stop to do 停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事，stop doing 停止做某事。例如：They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他们停下来，抽了根烟。I must stop smoking. 我必须戒烟了。2)forget doing/to do forget to do 忘记要去做某事，forget doing 忘记做过某事。例如：The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。（没有做关灯的动作）He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - 3)remember doing/to do remember to do 记得去做某事， remember doing 记得做过某事。例如：Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。Dont you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗? 4)regret doing/to do regret to do 对将要做的事遗憾，regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、后悔。例如：I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice. 我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。I dont regret telling her what I thought. 我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。5)cease doing/to do cease to do 长时间，甚至永远停做某事，cease doing 短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。例如：That department has ceased to exist forever. 那个系已不复存在。The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by. 姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天6)try doing/to do try to do 努力，企图做某事，try doing 试验，试着做某事。例如：You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。I tried gardening but didnt succeed. 我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。7)go on doing/to do go on to do 做了一件事后，接着做另一件事，go on doing 继续做原来做的事。例如：After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics. 做完数学后，他接着去做物理。Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one. 作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习8)be afraid doing/to do be afraid to do 不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为怕 ，be afraid of doing 担心出现 doing 的状况、结果。 doing 是客观上造成的，意为生怕，恐怕 。例如：She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake. 她生怕被蛇咬着，不敢在草丛中再走一步。She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。9)be interested doing/to do interested to do 对做某事感兴趣，想了解某事，interested in doing 对某种想法感兴趣，doing 通常为想法。例如：I shall be interested to know what happens. 我很想知道发生了什么事。（想了解）Im interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that? 我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗? （一种想法）10) mean to doing/to do 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - mean to do 打算、想， mean doing 意味着。例如：I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. 我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. 增加工资意味着增加购买力。11)begin （start） doing/to do begin / start to do sth /begin / start doing sth. a） 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing 。例如：How old were you when you first started playing the piano? 你几岁时开始弹钢琴？b） begin, start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do 。例如：I was beginning to get angry。我开始生起气来。c） 在 attempt, intend, begin, start 后接 know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式to do 。例如：I begin to understand the truth。我开始明白真相。d） 事物作主语时。例如：The snow began to melt.雪开始融化了12) 感官动词 + doing/to do 感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do表示动作的完整性，+doing 表示动作的进行性。例如：I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。（强调 我看见了 这个事实）I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调 我见他正干活 这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活。would to do sth want to do sth like doing sth enjoy doing sth 有很多 , 楼上是一些固定搭配还有一个例子: go on to do(doing)都是继续做某事但有区别go on to do是结束一件事继续做别的事go on doing是继续做同一件事enjoy,suggest,practice,consider,finish,spend后面接 doing sth. 另外 ,forget doing sth 指忘记做过某事forget to do sth 指忘记去做某事stop doing sth 指停止做某事stop to do sth 指停止下来 , 去做另一件事名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - -