2022年中考完形填空解题技巧.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载中考完型填空解题技巧解题的总体思路：1.总体把握要通读完形填空的短文,跳过空格快速阅读,明白全篇的主要内容；切不行把珍贵的时间铺张在个别字句推敲上；2.弄清体裁文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用文；中考选文以叙事性文章为主（即 记叙文 ）,如：幽默故事、科普学问、童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热 点问题等；读这类文章,要大体上明白故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、大事及前因 后果；3.重视主题句 完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题,但短文的主题句,往往在每段文章的首句,有时 也显现在文章的中间或终止处；主题句供应全篇的性质、大意等,这是深化明白全文 的“ 窗口” ,甚至能以语句为立足点,从该句的时态、语气估计全文的主要内容；4.语境联想利用上下文的提示,用学过的学问和已有的生活体会,扫清部分词汇懂得上的障碍；在懂得文章大意基础上,对每道题所给的词语进行剖析,考虑语境,上下呼应,运用 规律思维进行推理,再依据自己最有把握的、最熟识的短语、习惯用语、动词形式和句子结构等,先完成简洁的,把难的留在后面；5：再细读全文,集中精力解决难点,填补空缺；答题完毕,遵循由整体到局部、由局部到整体的规律,再耐心通读全文,仔细复 查所选答案是否得当,语法是否正确,规律推理是否合理；来做1 图可以帮忙参考 ; 2 答案线索肯定在文中 ;3 完形又称障碍式阅读,可当作阅读题完形填空所选的短文的文体多以记叙文为主； 一般的解题过程是：1. 通读全文,把握大意；结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容；2. 瞻前顾后,分析先行；在懂得全文意思的基础上,结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎规律的推理；必需弄清 空缺词句的准确含义,空缺词句与其前后句的意义连接必需自然、合理,不行显现 意义断层或说东道西的情形,必需从空缺句的内部结构入手,从语法、词语固定搭 配、词形变化等角度考虑,务必使所填的单词精确无误；3. 反复推敲,攻克难关；（难点）假如做不出来的话,可能要转变一下思路；照实词（名词、代词、形容词、副词、名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载动词和数词）多与文章的内容直接相关,虚词（介词,连词,冠词和感叹词）多与文章的连贯性或句子结构直接相关,假如从内容上实在看不出要填哪个单词的话,应考虑是否需要填介词、连词等；4. 验证答案,修正错误；着重留意这一点：文章是否顺畅；二、 解题技巧完型填空有哪些技巧,北京新东方一对一老师带你学习 赐予例题学习：6 种技巧,针对每种技巧1、 前后照料 利用上下文信息,挑选或填写正确的词是完型填空解题时最常用的方法之一；在做四选一的完型填空时,我们有时会发觉每一个选项从语法角度来讲都可以说得通,遇到这种情形,我们应细读上下文,正确答案会在上下文中得到提示；试看以下例题：例 1 What do I remember about my childhood. There were good things and bad things. We used to live_ , and my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep. A. in a town B. on a farm C. on a busy street D. in a city 【解析】 B 例 2I was making a trip from Paris to London. At a small town near London, I stopped to do some s_ .As l was going into a very crowded shop. I saw a few young people talk in about something they had just b_ 【解析】本段主要讲作者在伦敦的一个小镇的经受；在第一空格上,由下文 a very crowded shop 这个词组可以推断应填 shopping ,这样就很简洁判定其次空格内应填 bought 了；例 3I always remember waking up to the smell of the breakfast my mother was cooking. What a wonderful smell. I used to _ ,wash quickly and run downstairs. My breakfast would be waiting for me on the table. A. leave the bed B.lie in bed C. jump out of bed D. get up 【解析】 C 2、情感态度：较难题；其中形容词,副词中分为三种情感：1 正情感： happy amazing 等2 零情感： fast slow surprising 等3 负情感： sad failure 等名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载例 1 Later that day, I happened to pass Jeff in the dining room . I offered him a “congratulations ” and walked to my usual table . To my surprise, Jeff put his plate beside mine. A. politeB. loudC. warmD. cheerful 【解析】 A 形容词感情颜色 + 联系上下文； 例 2 Among them, a weak boy with ugly teeth and thick glasses kept shaking. I had seen him around, and I knew he was always laughed at. He seemed _37_unsure_ of himself, and was so pale that it _38_ us to look at him. 37. A. unafraid B. unsure C. proud D. tired 38. A. worried B. surprised C. taught D. hurt 【解析】 D 3、固定搭配例 1On the train, Tom was looking l for his ticket because the conductor was coming _2 to his ticket. 1. A. out B. forward C. anywhere D. everywhere 2.A. down B. up C. in D. on 【解析】第一空格选D；everywhere 为正确答案, anywhere 常用于否定句和疑问句中；其次空格意为列车员上前查票,走到某人面前 come up to sb. 为固定词组搭配,因此选 B；例 2 Whenever Im _ _, I still look back at that yearbook. 47. A. away B. out C. behind D. down 【解析】本文叙述了一位叫Ricky 的同学的前后变化：从常常被大家嘲笑,没有自信到布满自信并被大家喜爱；此题为本文最终一题,想说明每当我遇到挫折时,总 会想起那天的事情；be down ,固定搭配,表示心情低落的；例 3 My next step was to which new activities students would like to have at our school. Many of them wanted a chess club and a volleyball team. 43.A. carry outB. try outC. work outD. find out 【解析】固定搭配和动词短语辨析： carry out 实施, try out 尝试, work out 解决 ,find out 找出 + 事实,真相,结合上下文, wanted a chess club and a volleyball team ,下文的 collect information 得出答案为 D ；4、词义辨析名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载在选项中设置四个词性一样、意义相近的词是完型填空命题常常用的手段之一；在做此类题目时,必需要在特定的语境中挑选正确,或者也可以推敲一些固定的词组 搭配来进行选项；在做首字母完型填空时,特别应留意空格所缺单词的词性及词组搭 配；例 1After going a diet, a woman f l really good about herself-especially she was a 2 to fit into a pair of jeans.“ Look, Look." She shouted while running downstairs to show her husband. 【解析】本段落主要讲一位女士经过减肥后可以穿得上一条牛仔裤,并要演示给她丈夫看的情形；第一格表达主人公的感觉很好,因此填 裤了, be able to 为固定搭配；felt; 其次格表达她能够穿上牛仔例 2A Japanese manager once said he himself and his workers would all stand while they were having meetings. Do you _what he means. A.think B. guess C. know D. understand 【解析】 C 例 3 “ Well, if you change your mind, we are meeting tomorrow ,”he said before moving to another table. All that right, I thought about the 39 from Jeff. A. advice B. chanceC. messageD. offer 【解析】 D 5、中心主旨：文章中最终一句通常为积极的态度或观点； 例 1I had wanted to become president of Student Council to make a difference. I achieved that and more by working as a member of Jeffs team. He became the most popular candidate and I was a large part of his . The fact that it has made a difference in other peoples lives is the real prize. What a great feeling. A. luckB. spiritC. lifeD. success 【解析】 D 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案欢迎下载t. so 例 2 I honor my aunt, who taught me the things my _ couldnevery June for the past 40 years, in growing thankfulness to my Aunt Marion, I ve sent her a Fathers Day card.A. Teachers B. mother C. father D. friends 【解析】故此题选C；t and still dont 6、简洁规律：分为因果,并列,转折,否定； 例 1 For more than sixty years, Aunt Marion didnthink of herself. _ she is forced to come up to the front, my aunt will stand in the back in family photos, and she doesnt think that her efforts have made muchA. Unless B. Although C. Since D. Before 【解析】 A 句意：假如不强迫她来到前面,在找全家福时她会站在后面；unless 除非,假如不； although 虽然,尽管； since 自从,既然 ;before 在 之前； 例 2 No one could walk through any hallway 42 passing Jeffs smiling face. A. forB. fromC. withD. without 【解析】 D 最能凸显出 poster 成效的介词是 without 否定介词与前面的 no 相呼应,双重否定表确定；7、情形仍原 例 1The most amazing thing was that she taught me to read my . I remember that I spent hours in front of the mirror and tried to repeat every' word that I said. A. eye B. face C. heart D. mouth 例 2And then I saw what seemed to be the prodigy 【解析】 D 故挑选 mouth. 奇才 side of me - because I have never seen that face before. I looked at myself in the mirror, blinking 瞬间 so I could see more . A. easily B. quickly C. clearly D. differently 【解析】 C 情形仍原名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载In some parts of the world there are large deserts. There are no trees and 1_ water there. Travelers must take food and 2_ with them. The 3_ animal that can walk through the desert is the camel. 4_ can go without food and water for a long time. And besides he can carry heavy loads. People call the 5_ “ the ship of the desert” . The camel is very big. He has one or two humps and a long 6_. 驼峰 on his back, short ears The camel's humps hold fat, and his stomach holds water in twelve deep pockets. 7_ pocket has a mouth which closes, and the food does not mix the water. When the camel 8_ some water, he can get it out of the 9_. The camel's food is 10_ and leaves of trees. 1. A. no B. any C. not D. / 2. A. milk B. water C. meat D. grass 3. A. just B. other C. only D. another 4. A. He B. They C. She D. It 5. A. camel B. elephant C. cow D. horse 6. A. mouth B. neck C. leg D. nose 7. A. Either B. Each C. All D. Both 8. A. was wanting B. wants C. is wanting D. wanted 9. A. nose B. pockets C. mouth D. bags 10. A. grass B. meat C. bread D. cake 这是一篇说明文,文章介绍了沙漠之舟骆驼的生理特点和在沙漠中的作用；1.A. 并列连词 and 连接的两个对等成分,前面是否定的,后面也应是否定的；2.B. 依据生活常识和上下文,在沙漠中旅行应当带水；3.C. 这句话的意思是：唯独能穿越沙漠的动物是骆驼；other, another 是” 其他” 的意思,文章并没有谈及其他动物；just 做” 仅仅” 讲时是副词,不能加名词；only 就是形容词,用来修饰名词；4.A. 本文采纳拟人的写法,用 he 代替 camel ；5.A. 本文只介绍了一种动物,那就是骆驼；6.B. 骆驼的脖子很长,这是一个基本常识；7.B. both 和 either 适用于两者之间,依据twelve deep pockets 可以排除这两个选项；all 用于三者之上,且加复数名词；Each 加上单数名词表示” 每个” ；8.B. 这篇文章都使用了一般现在时态；9.B. 依据上文可知 pocket 是骆驼的储水器官；10.A. 骆驼是食草动物,这是一般的常识；sell, little, pleased, make, one, send, home, together, know, but Jenny has just got a new computer. She is very 1_ with it because she can use it to 2_ E-mails to her friends. This computer was 3_ by her father at home. His father is not a computer engineer, 4_ he is a computer fan. He 5_ a lot about computers. He bought different parts of a 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载computer 6_ and then put them 7_ to make a computer . “The homemade computers cost much 8_ than the 9_ which are 10_ in computer shops, “ said Jenny's father.这是一篇记叙文,文章介绍的是Jenny 的父亲是一个电脑迷,他自己买来零部件在家里组装了一台电脑；并且Jenny 对这台电脑很中意；1. pleased, 这是一个固定短语,be pleased with意思是“ 对 感到满意” ；2. send, 有了电脑之后,Jenny 可以通过它给伴侣们发邮件send E-mail了；3. made, 这里是一句被动语态,这台电脑是由她父亲在家里组装成的；4. but, 由上句“His father is not a computer engineer 和下句“he is a computer fan 可知一个表示转折含义的词；5. knows, 由上句“he is a computer fan 可知他对电脑明白许多,这是主语为单数第三人称形式的一般现在时态；6. home, Jenny 的父亲是将零部件买回家在家里组装的电脑；7. together, put together 的意思是“ 把 放在一起” ,在这里就表示”组装” ；8. less, 组装电脑比商店里出售的电脑廉价,由后面的 than 仍知道这句话中的副词应用比较级；9. ones, 这是一个替代词,它与前面的“the home- made computers相对应,因此应当使用复数形式；10. sold, 这也是一句被动语态,商店的电脑是被出售的；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 7 页