2022年人教版新目标八年级上册-英语语法知识及练习.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载人教版新目标八年级上册英语语法学问点精讲 +练习（一）一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态；通常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等；be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示准备、预备做的事情或者确定要发生的事情；如：It is going to rain. will do 结构表示将来的用法：1. 表示预见 Do you think it will rain. You will feel better after a good rest. 2. 表示意图 I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow. What will she do tomorrow. 基本构成如下：一般疑问句构成：（1）will+ 主语 +do . Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday. （2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be . tWill there be fewer trees. Yes, there will. / No, there won否定句构成：will + not （wont）+do Sarah won t come to visit me next Sunday. 特别疑问句构成：特别疑问词 will 主语 ？ What will Sarah do next Sunday. 依据例句,用 will 改写以下各句 例： I don t feel well today. （be better tomorrow ）I ll be better tomorrow. 1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight ）_ 2. Im tired now. （sleep later）_ 3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon）_ 4. We cant leave right now. （leave a little later ）_ 5. The weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow ）_ （二） should 的用法 ：should 用来提出建议和忠告,后边加动词原形,否定句直接在 should 后边加 not. 例如： I think you should eat less junk food. 我认为你应当少吃垃圾食品；She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot. 她常常开车,很少走路；所以我认为她应当多走路；Students shouldnt spend too much time playing computer games. 同学们不应当花太多的时间玩运算机嬉戏；学习向别人提建议的几种句式：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载（1）I think you should （2）Well, you could （3）Maybe you should （4）Why don t you . （5）What about doing sth. （6）Youd better do sth. 用 should 或 shouldn 填空1. I cant sleep the night before exams. You _ take a warm shower before you go to bed. 2. Good friends _ argue each other. 3. There is little milk in the glass. We _ buy some. 4. They didnt invite you. Maybe you _ be friendlier. 5. I am a little bit overweight. So I think I _ do exercises every day. （三）过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内始终进行的动作；1. 构成 was /were + doing ,例如： I was watching TV at 9 o cloc k last night. at 9 oclock last night 是时间点They were playing football all afternoon. all afternoon 是时间段2. 过去进行时的标志词at 8 oclock last night, this time yesterday 等；例如：I was having lunch at home this time yesterday. 昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭；练习At that time she was writing a book. 那阵子她在写一本书；（表示她在那段时间里始终在做那件事情；）用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空；1. This time yesterday I _ _ （read）books. 2. At 9 oclock last Sunday they _ _（have）a party. 3. When I _ （ come）into the classroom, she _ _ （read） a storybook. 4. She _ _（ play）computer games while her mother _ _ （cook）yesterday afternoon. 5. I _ _（have） a shower when you _（call）me yesterday. （四）间接引语形成步骤：（1）不要逗号,冒号,引号（2）要考虑到人称的变化（人称的变化与汉语是一样的）（3）要考虑时态的变化（4）要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化；1. 直接引语变成间接引语时,几个主要时态的变化规律直接引语 间接引语一般现在时 一般过去时一般将来时 过去将来时现在进行时 过去进行时2. 直接引语变成间接引语时,一些词汇的变化规律名师归纳总结 直接引语间接引语第 2 页,共 7 页1. am / is 1. was 2. are 2. were 3. have / has 3. had 4. will 4. would - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 5. can 学习必备欢迎下载5. could 6. may 6. might 练一练用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空；1. She said I _（be）hard-working. 2. Peter told me he _（be）bored yesterday. 3. She said she _（go）swimming last Sunday. 4. Bobby said he _ （may）call me later. 5. Antonio told me he _ （read）a book then. 请转述他人说的话：1. I go to the beach every Saturday. （Tom）2. I can speak three languages. （Lucy ）3. I will call you tomorrow. （Mike ）4. Im having a surprise party for Lana. （ she）（五） if 引导的条件状语从句结构： if 一般现在时,主语将来 含义：假如 ,将要 例如： If you ask him, he will help you. 假如你恳求他,他会帮忙你；If need be, well work all night. 假如需要,我们就干个通宵；练一练依据中文提示,完成句子；1. 假如你参与聚会,你将会过得很高兴；If you _ the party, you _. 2. 假如明天下雨,我们将不去野餐；If it _ tomorrow, we _. 3. 假如你常常听英文歌,你将会喜爱英语的；If you often _, you _. 二. 完形填空特点及解题思路（A）Jack wanted to ask for two days off, 1 he had only learnt the phrase （短语） “ have a day off” . He 2 , then he had an idea. “Grandmother is ill. May I have a day off, 3 . ” he asked the teacher. “ Of course, you can. ” replied （答复） the teacher at once. After a while, the boy came to 4 at the teachers door. “ May I have a day off 5 . ”The teacher was very surprised, “ Didn t you 6 it just now. ” “Yes, sir. But I cant be here , either. ” The teacher understood him and could not help 8 . Then he said with a smile, “ Why didn t you say May I have two days off. ”The boy answered quickly 9 a loud voice. “ But you only 10 ushave a day off. ”（）1. A. but B. and C. or D. for （）2. A. thought hardly B. thought hard and hard C. hard thought D. thought and thought （）3. A. Miss B. sir C. teacher D. Mr （）4. A. strike B. best C. hit D. knock （）5. A. also B. again C. too D. once （）6. A. speak B. tell C. say D. do （）7. A. tomorrow B. the day after tomorrow C. yesterday D. the day before yesterday （）8. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughed D. laughing （）9. A. with B. on C. in D. by （）10. A. teach B. taught C. are teaching D. were teaching （ B）请依据内容从所给的15 个单词中选出最恰当的10 个填入空白处,使短文完整,有些词要依据需要作适当的词形变化；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载than, so, tell, us, them, report, beause, love, composition, understand, to, that, much, for, what A generation gap （代沟） has become a serious problem. I read a _（1）about it in the newspaper. Some children have killed _（2）after quarrels （争执） with parents. I think this is _ （3）they dont have a good talk with each other. Parents now spend _（4）time in the office. _ （5）they dont have much time to stay with their children. As time passes, they both feel _（6）they dont have the same topics（话题） to talk about. I want to _ （7）parents to be more with your children, get to know them and understand them. And for children, show your feeling _（ 8）your parents. They are the people who _ （ 9）you. So tell them your thoughts _（10）of each other. （想法） . In this way, you can have a better 实战操练 （答题时间： 80 分钟）一. 挑选填空；（）1. Beijing won the chances _ the 2022 Olympics. A. to host B. host C. hosting D. hosted （）2. Tiger Woods can make billions _ dollars a year. A. for B. with C. of D. on （）3. You looked so beautiful at the party. _. A. No, I dont think so B. Of course C. Thank you very much D. No, Im not beautiful（）4. The text is very easy for you. There are _ new words in it. A. a few B. a little C. few D. little （）5. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper _ “Who Moved My cheese ” was an interesting book. A. that B. what C. how D. if （）6. In our English study reading is more interesting than speaking, I think. I don t agree. Speaking is _ reading. A. as important as B. so important as C. the more important D. the most important （）7. If he _ harder, hell catch up with us. A. work B. works C. worked D. will work （）8. The manager _ that the business would be worse after the stock （股票） went down. A. talked B. told C. said D. spoke （）9. We should keep _ in the reading-room. A. quiet B. quietly C. quite D. quickly （）10. I think everything goes on well. _. A. So I do B. I do so C. So do I D. So is I （）11. If you want to watch TV, you may turn _. A. down B. it on C. on it D. it off （）12. I m sorry I havent got any money. Ive _ my handbag at home. A. missed B. left C. put D. forgotten （）13. He is listening to the music _ she is washing clothes. A. after B. before C. that D. while （）14. It takes _ time to go to Beijing by plane than by train. A. more B. fewer C. longer D. less （）15. Excuse me. Have you got an eraser. Sorry, I havent. Why _ you ask Mary. Perhaps shes got one. A. do B. don t C. did D. didnt二. 挑选恰当的答语；_1. What were you doing when the UFO landed. A. Your teacher wont you in. 第 4 页,共 7 页_2. Will people use paper money in the future. B. He said I couldnt stay out late. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - _3. I cant sleep, what should I do. 学习必备欢迎下载C. I was doing my homework. _4. If I wear jeans to school, what will happen. D. No, they wo nt. Everyone , will have a credit card. _5. What did your father say. 三. 依据汉语提示填空：E. You should listen to some relaxing music. 1. 不知道该怎么办,你能给我点建议吗？I don t know _ to do, can you give me some _. 2. 外星人正在买纪念品的时候,我给警察打了个电话；While the alien was _ a souvenir, I _ the police. 3. 我放学回家的路上,观察一只猫从窗户里跑了出来；On my way home from school, I saw a cat get _ _ a window. 4. 我不想在电话里跟你谈论这件事情；I don t want to talk _ it with you _ the phone. 5. 我们要在周五晚上为约翰举办一个惊喜的晚会；We are going to have a _ party for John _ Friday evening. 四. 完形填空：把下面五个句子放在文章中的恰当位置,使文章完整；Three men went up in a balloon（气球）. They started early in London. The headman was Ted, and the other two men were Davy and Emilio. 1 Soon they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rope （绳子） , and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon. At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So 2 . It was for use over the sea. They were also carrying some bags of sand. 4 3 . The water in the balloon became ice. After the sun rose, the balloon went higher. It went up to 3,000 metres, and Snow fell past the mens basket, and they could see more snow on the ground. , but it was hard. They tried to break the icy sand with their knives, but it was not easy. The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand. One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice. At last they pulled the box into the basket. It was still snowing; so 5 . They rose to 5,100 metres. Everything became icy. They were so cold that they decided to land. They came down in Poland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilometres from London. A. The men tried to throw out some more sand B. they were able to change its weight （重量）C. They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way. D. they climbed to get away from the snow E. the air there was very cold 五. 阅读懂得（A）Einstein Was Waiting for His Friend Once Einstein was waiting for one of his friends on a bridge. He was thinking a oblem. While he was waiting, it began to rain. The rain kept on for some time. When Einstein took out a piece of paper from his pocket to write something down, the paper was wet and then he knew that it was raining. His clothes had become wet. But after he put the paper into his pocket, he forgot he was standing in the rain again. Many scientists are not careful with their lives. This is because they are too careful with their studies. 1. What did Einstein do. He was _. A. a doctor B. a teacher C. a scientist 2. Why was Einstein on a bridge. A. Because he was writing something on the bridge. B. Because he was waiting for a friend. C. Because he was thinking. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载 3. It rained _. A. sometimes B. for some time C. for a long time 4. Einstein _ and began to write something on it. A. bought a piece of paper. B. took a piece of paper from his car. C. took out a piece of paper from his pocket. 5. Which is true. A. Einstein was careful with his work. B. Einstein was careful with his clothes. C. Einstein was careful with his friends. （B）生活中总会有很多意外事故发生,懂得急救或自救是特别重要的；请阅读下面材料,依据 15 小题所描述的抢救 方法,从 A-G 七幅图中找出与题意相应的图画（此题共有七幅图,你只能选五幅图,多项不给分；）1. If the person has stopped breathing, you must try to start his / her breathing at once. The best thing is to use the mouth-to-mouth way. Lay the person on his / her back and breathe into his / her mouth. 2. If the person is bleeding （流血）badly, you must try to stop the bleeding. Press on the bleeding point with a piece of clean cloth and hold up the part of the body which is bleeding. 3. If you are bitten （cut by teeth ）by an animal, wash the cut under cold running water. Cover the broken part, if there is any, with a piece of clean cloth. Then see a doctor as soon as possible. 4. If you are burnt （hurt by fire or something very hot ）, cool the burnt part at once. Run cool （not cold ）water over the burn until it is less painful. Then put a piece of dry clean cloth over the burnt part. 5. If there is a fire, never use a lift in the building, because its very dangerous. The lift may get trapped bthe stairs and leave the building at once. 1. _2. _3. _4. _5. _ Here are some pictures to choose. 六. 写作：（从以下 2 封来信中挑选一封写回信；）Dear friend, There will be a party this weekend. All my friends are invited to the party except me. I am angry. And I dont know wthey didnt invite me. What do you think. Can you help me. Upset Dear friend, I am a new student in Grade One, but my English is too bad. Yesterday I had an English test and my grade was just so so. I want to improve my English. What should I do. Could you give me some advice. Looking for help Dear _, _ _ _ _ _ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载 _ _ _