2022年中考英语专题复习十四完形填空的考点讲解.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载20XX 届中考英语专题复习十四：完形填空的考点讲解【考点】“ 完形填空 ” 题是一种旨在考查同学语法和词汇学问综合运用才能的典型题型；它结合了单项挑选题和短文填空的优点,既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等,又考查了规律推理和事理推断才能；“ 完形填空 ” 题要求填入的词主要有：1. 语法结构所要求的功能词,如连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等；2. 具有语法变化的一般词,如动词的时态、语态、语气,名词的数,代词的格,形容词和副词的级等；3. 固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词；4. 同义词、近义词等易混淆词；5. 依据上、下文意思及结构必需填入的确定词；可见, 完形填空是一种综合性较强的题型；它的突出特点是起点高、容量大；同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读才能及归纳判定才能,才能适应这一题型；完形填空题的考查目的：1. 考查同学们阅读懂得才能；2. 考查同学们语法学问；3. 考查同学们综合运用英语学问的水平和实践才能；【名师解难】一、完形填空题的命题特点完形填空题是通过阅读考查同学语言学问及语言学问 综合运用才能的一种测试形式；命题人在一段难度适度的文章中留出 10 个空白,要求考生从所给的 A, B, C, D 四个选项中选出一个正确答案,使补足的短文意思通顺、结构完整；完形填空是介于单项填空和阅读懂得之间的一种题型；可以说它是依据一篇文章所提供的情形进行的挑选填空,也可以说它是在缺少个别单词情形下的阅读懂得；完形填空既有对语法规章、 习惯用法和词语搭配的考查,又有对文章内容的通篇懂得；完形填空主要考查以下三个方面的内容：1、词汇：此类题目考查的内容是：近义词的区分,词语的固定搭配和习惯用法；近几年陕西省名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载中考题中的完型填空题考查的词汇类别涉及到名词、代词、动词、介词、连词、形容词、副词和短语动词；2、语法：此类题目考查的是：各种语法规章在文章中的运用；其中包括名词的单复数,形容词、副词的比较等级,动词的时态和语态,介词、数词、代词和连词的用法,主谓一样,各种从句的用法等；3、结构：此类题目考查的是：文章中间句子与句子之间,段落与段落之间,上文与下文之间的规律关系；从设空的类型看可分为三个层次：1、句子层次2、句组层次3、全篇层次设空的难度,从句子层次到句组层次,再到全篇层次,依次增加；分析近几年陕西省的完形填空题,我们可以看出陕西省完形填空题的设空主要以句子层次为主,以句组层次为辅,几乎没有全篇层次题目；因此总体难度较低；二、完形填空的解题技巧前面我们已经分析过,完形填空是在全面懂得短文基础上的挑选填空；因此做“完型填空 ”题应遵循以下步骤：1、通读全文,明白大意做这类题目是,第一应当把文章通读一遍,明白一下文章的大致内容；千万不要读一句填一句, 由于 “ 完形填空 ” 题里所给的大多数选项填入单句后都可成立,但从全文看又不行取；例如：A hot dog is one of the most popular American foods. It was named after frankfurter, a German food. You may hear “hot dog 1 in other ways. People sometimes say “hot dog 2 . For to express example, a friend may ask 3 you would like to go to the cinema. You might say “Great. I would love to go.” Or, you could say, 4 . I would love to go.”People 5 use the expression to describe 描写 someone who is a “- off ”, who tries to show everyone else how 6 he is. You often hear such 7 called a “hot dog”. He may be a baseball player, for example, who 8 the ball with one hand, making a n 9 catch seem more difficult. You know he is a hot dog because when he makes such a catch, he bows 鞠躬 to the crowd, hoping to win their 10 . 1. A. eaten B. used C. cooked D. picked 2. A. strength B. practice C. pleasure D. reply 3. A. if B. how C. when D. where 4. A. Hot dog B. Don t worry C. Never mind D. Excuse me5. A. ever B. also C. still D. yet 6. A. hopeful B. careful C. kind D. great 7. A. a dog B. a land C. a person D. an action 8. A. catches B. plays C. passes D. throws 9. A. hard B. funny C. exciting D. easy 10. A. thanks B. cheers C. medals D. matches 假如不看后面的文章内容,短文的第一个题所给第四个选项都可以填入空白处,不论名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载都是能够站得住脚的；但假如连续看是从语法的角度, 仍是从这个句子的意思完整的角度,完这一段短文之后,你就会领会到,使用 ”,只能选 used；“ hot dog ”在这里不是 “被吃 ”,“ 被做 ”,“被拿 ” ,而是 “ 被有些同学一拿到“ 完形填空 ”题,就着手去填,填到最终,才发觉所选答案语全文的意 思不符,不得不在从头开头；费时又费劲,仍不易做精确,这种方法是不行取的；2、瞻前顾后,逐步填空 明白文章大意之后,就可逐步填空；一般来说,文章后面所给的挑选答案可分三类：一类是语法正确,而意思不对；另一类是意思正确,而语法错误；第三类是语法正确,意思 也正确；在挑选答案时,肯定要考虑到上下文的意思,仍要考虑到句子的结构,习惯用法,固定搭配和词类的功能,尽量使选出的答案及复合语法又符合原文的意思；3、仔细复查,适当调整 填空全部做完以后, 应把短文从头到尾再读一遍,检查一下填空以后的文章是否连贯,情节是否合理,语法结构是否正确；一般来说,假如意思连贯,情节合理,语法结构正确,就意味着选答没有问题；假如发觉个别填空使文章文理不通,语法结构有问题,就说明选答不正确；对这样的填空应当仔细推敲,进行调整；【中考范例】Once upon a time, some children were playing at seaside when they found a turtle海龟 . “Stop. ”They began to beat the turtle. Just at that time, a young man came and said to them, children ran 31 quickly. The turtle was v ery thankful and said, “Thanks for your kindness. I really would like 32 The young man rode on the back of the turtle and was taken to the secret palace in the sea. When he 33 the palace, he was very surprised and said to the turtle, “What a nice palace.” To “All right. I will thank him, the king of the turtles gave him 34 . He had never seen such a dinner before. He received a warm welcome there and was very 35 everything. After dinner, the king of the turtles said, ive you two boxes, 36 you can open only one.”“You mustn t open both. Dont forget it.” the turtle warned him. open only one,” the young man promised 许诺 . At this time, a large wave sent him out of the sea. After he 37 , he opened the bigger one of the two boxes.38 the box was full of gold. “My God. ” he cried. “I 39 now. ” Then he thought, “Things in the other box must be expensive, too.” He could not wait any longer. He broke his promise and opened the other box. As soon as he opened it, he became an old man. His hair turned white. His face 40 an old man over eighty years old. It all happened in a moment. He was sorry for what he did, but it was too late.31. A. through B. away C. into D. out 32. A. wanting B. asking C. to let D. to invite 33. A. left for B. arrived on C. arrived at D. got away 34. A. a very big dinner B. a very poor dinner D. a very small dinner C. a very bad dinner 35. A. pleased with B. strict in C. angry with D. sorry for 36. A. so B. or C. but D. as 37. A. went back to home B. was back home C. went back to the sea D.was back the sea 名师归纳总结 38. A. To his surprising B. To ones surprising第 3 页,共 4 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - C. To one学习必备欢迎下载s surprise D. To his surprise39. A. a poor man B. a rich man C. an old man D. a young man 40. A. liked B. felt like C. looked like D. looked 31. B 依据上下文判定,那些孩子们应当是跑走了；所以应选 away；32. D would like 之后应接不定式, 年轻人就了海龟的命,海龟应是 “ 邀请年轻人到宫殿去；”33. C 到达某个地方应用 arrived at；34. A 依据规律,海龟国王要感谢他,必定设盛宴款待他；所以应选 a big dinner；35. A 海龟国王盛情款待他,所以他对一切都中意；意思；pleased with everything 表示的就是这个36. C 海龟国王给了他两个盒子,但只准他打开一个；这里有一个转折关系,所以应选 but；37. B 年轻人在海里见到了海龟国王,得到了两个盒子以后,应当回家,而不是回到海里；而回家应是 went back home；38. D 使他感到惊奇的是,用英语表示就是 To his surprise；39. B 他得到了金子,当然应当是 a rich man；40.C 由于贪心,他的头发变白了,脸“ 看起来 ”像八十多岁的老头；从 20XX 年的完形填空题来看,难度不大, 全部题目都属于句子层次；只要看懂了短文的意思,把握了一些短语的固定搭配,再多做一些精选的练习,做好完形填空题是不难的；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 4 页