2022年初中英语代词讲解及习题.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 第三章 代词：代词的分类： 英语中代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等；第一节 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词1、人称代词： 人称代词代替人和事物的名称, 分为主格和宾格两种形式；主第第第三人称第第第三人称单数一二一 人二 人人人称称 单阳阴中称称复数单性性性复复数数数数I you he she it we you they 格 我 你 他 她 它 我 你 他 们 , 她 们 , 们 们 它们 宾me you him her it us you them 格 我 你 他 她 她 我 你 他 们 , 她 们 , 们 们 它们 （1）、主格 用来作句子的 主语、表语 ；如： I often go shopping on Sundays. 星期天我常去购物 / Are they from Brazil. 他们是巴西人吗？ / Where have they gone. 他们上哪儿去了？ / Thats it. 就那么回事 / Its he. 是他！ （2）、宾格 用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语 ；如： Who teaches you English this year. 今年谁教你们的英语？ / Help me. 救救我！ / We often write letters to her. 我们常给他写信 （3）、人称代词 作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than 或 as 之后时 , 可以用主格名师归纳总结 形式 , 也可以用宾格形式, 口语中大多用宾格；如：-Who is it. 是谁？ 第 1 页,共 25 页 It s I/me. 是我； , 或者主语中包含“ 我” 时, 根据“youheI ” 的（4）、三个不同人称同时显现- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 次序表达；如：Both he and I are working at that computer company. 我和他都在那家电脑公司上班 Who will go there . 谁要去那儿？ You and me. 你和我 （5 、人称代词 it 除了可以指人指物之外 , 仍可以表示“ 时间、天气、温度、距离、情形” 等含义 , 此外仍可以作“ 非人称代词” 使用, 替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句；如：-What s the weather like today. 今日天气怎样？ It s fine. 天气晴好 / -Whats the time. 几点啦？ It s 12 ：00. 12点 / Its a long way to go. 那可要走好长的路 / It took him three days to clean his house. 打扫屋子花了他三天的时间 / It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space. 很明显 , 公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空 / We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well . 我们发觉要学好一门外语是特别困难的 2、物主代词： 说明事物所属关系的代词, 分为形容词性和名词性两种；形第第第三人称中第一其次第 三 人 称一 人单数二 人人称称人称称单阳阴复复 数复数单数数性性性数my your his her its our your their 他们容 我 你 他 她 它 我 你的, 她们的 , 它们的 词的 的 的 的 的 们们性minYours his herits 的 的 theirs他们名ours your词e s s 的, 她们的 , 它 你 他 她 我们的 性 我的 的 她的 们 你的 的 的 们的 （1 、形容词性物主代词 只能作句子中名词的修饰语, 后面要跟名词；如：名师归纳总结 Is that your umbrella. 那是你的伞吗？ / I often go to see my aunt on 第 2 页,共 25 页Sundays. 我常常在星期天去探望阿姨 / They are their books. 是他们的书 2 、名词性物主代词 相当于名词 , 既代替事物又说明所属关系, 在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语 , 后面千万不行以 跟名词；如：- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - This is your cup,but where is mine. 这是你的杯子 , 可我的在哪儿？ / Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small . 你们的教室很大 , 我们的相当小 如：3 、“ of + 名词性物主代词” 称为双重全部格 , 作定语时放在名词的后面；A friend of mine came to see me yesterday. 我的一个伴侣昨天来看我了 指如干伴侣中有一个来看我； 试比较 My friend came to see me yesterday 我的那个特定的伴侣来看我； . 我的伴侣昨天来看我了 指3、反身代词： 表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关；第第第三人称第 一 人第 二 人第三人称一 人单数二 人称称 单阳阴中称复数称复数复数单数性性性数mysyourhimshersitseourselyoursethemseelfselelf elf lf ves lves lves f 他 们 / 我 他自 她自 它自 我 们 你 们她 们 /自 你自己 己 己 自己 自己 它 们 自己己 己 1 、 反身代词 在句子中作宾语表示反射 身 ；如： 指一个动作回到该动作执行者本Dont play with the knife, you might hurt yourself. 不要玩刀子, 那会割伤你的 2 、在句子中作同位语表示强调 即用来强调名词或代词的语气 ；如：The story itself is good. Only he didnt tell it well. 故事本身是好的 , 只是他没有讲好 4. 指示代词： 指示说明近处或者远处、 上文或者下文、 以前或者现在的人或事物；单数复数含义名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - this 这these 这指较近的人和物个 些 that 那 those 那 指较远的人和物个 些 such 这样的人 / 物 指上文提过的人和物same 同样的人 / 物指和上文提过的相同的人和物it 这人/ 这物 指不太清晰是谁或者是什么时指示代词既可以单独使用做句子的主语、宾语或表语 词；如：, 也可以作定语修饰名Whats this. 这是什么？ / That model plane is made of plastic. 那只 记得永 按老师说模型飞机是塑料做的 被动句 / Remember never to do such things.远不要做这样的事情 / Do the same as the teacher tells you. 的做 / -Who is it. 是谁？ -Its me. 是我！ 一、用适当的人称代词填空：1. _ is my aunt. We often visit _. she 2. China is a developing country. _is in the east of 3. Asia. its _ is Thursday. What day is _ today. its 5. I own a blue bike. The red one isn t _. I 6. These new houses are so nice. _are very expensive.them 7. The fishermen caught a lot of fish, didnt _. them 8. Ling Ling is a girl._studies in a primary school._ brother she lives with _ and helps _ with_ lessons. 9. Mike is my classmate. _ is good at Engliush . his 10. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to _ . she 名师归纳总结 11. Whats the weather like today . _ is cloudy. its 第 4 页,共 25 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 二、用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词填空1. I ate all _ sandwiches yesterday. I Can I have one of _ . you 2. George has lost _ his pen. Ask Mary if（ 是 否 ）she will lend him _ . she 3.Jack has a dog and so have I._hedog and _ I hada fight 打架 . 4. The teacher wants you to return that book of _ he 5. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of _ are coming to see us. they 6. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of _ . we 7. This isn t_knife. _ is green. she desk,8. These are your books Kate.Put _in the please.they 9. 10. 11. _ must look after _ things. you Wei Fang,is that _ ruler. Yes,it s. you They want a football. Give _the green one , please. they 12. It s Lin Taos bag. Give it to _. he very new. 13. Is this pencil-box Li Lei s. No, _ is he 名师归纳总结 14. This box is too heavy. I cant carry _. it 第 5 页,共 25 页15. Dont worry ,Let _ I help _. you _is a boy_ name is Mike.Mikes friends like _ v16. ery much. he My sister is in _ room. _ is a teacher. she 17. Jane is a little girl. _ mother is a nurse. she 18. We are in _ classroom. _ classroom is big. we 19. My father and mother are teachers. _ are busy them 20. You are a pupil. Is _ brother a pupil, too. you 三. 从括号内挑选正确的代词填空Your football clothes are on the desk. 1. 2. Please put _they ,them,their ,theirs away. We,Us,Our,Ours_ English teacher is Mrs. Green. 3. We all like _she,her ,hers. I ,Me,My,Mine_ cant get my kite. 4. Could you help _I ,me,my,mine. Tom cant get down from the tree. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Can you help _he,him,his. 5. We cant find our bikes. Can you help _we,us,our ,ours. 6. These are _he,him,his planes. The white ones are _I ,me,mine. 四、用括号中的适当形式填空1 Are these _（you）pencils.Yes,they are _（our ）. 2 Whose is this pencil. It s _（I ）. 3 I love _（they ）very much. 4 She is_ （I ）classmate. 5 Miss Li often looks after_ （she）brother. 6 Are these _（they ）bags ？No, they aren t _（their ）. They are _（we）. 七、挑选填空 .1. Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little . But he doesnt enjoy _. A. he B. him C. his D. himself 2. Lily was 9 years old. _ was old enough to go to school _. A. She , she B. She , herself C. Her, herself D. Her. she 3. Jim s watch is much newer than _. A. hers B.she C. her D. herself 4. Would you like _for super. A: something Chinese B：Chinese something C: anything Chinese D: Chinese anything 5. _ piano is too old ,but she still liked playing it. A. She B. Shes C. Hers D. Her 6. Who taught you English last year. Nobody taught me . I taught _. A. me B. myself C. mine D. I 7. That bike is _. Ahe B. him C. his D. it 8. We bought _ a present, but _ didn” t like it. A. they, them B. them , they C. themselves , their D. theirs, they 名师归纳总结 9. Whos singing over there . _ is Sandy第 6 页,共 25 页s sister. B. It C. She A. That D. This spend the summer holiday in Hawaii. 10. _ will A. She, you and I B. You, she and I - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - C. I, you and she 11. 12. A. 13. 14. at 15. _. 16. D. Her, me and you Between you and _, he is not a real friend. A. me B. I C. he D. his My uncle bought a new bike for _. theirs B. they C. me D. I Here s a postcard for you, Jim. Oh, _ is from my friend, Mary. A. he B. it C. she D. it s Little Baby knows that he should not take the things thdo not belong to _. A. he B. his C. her D. him Will anyone go on a trip with him . Not _A. I B. me C. mine D. he Among those lovely toys, the brown toy dog was given by_. A. he B. his C. him 答案：一、 1、she her 2 、it 3 、it it 5 her her 9、he 10 、her 11 、it 、mine 6、they 7 、they 8 、she her her 二、 1、my yours 2 、his hers 3、his mine 4 、his 5 、them 6、ours 7 、her her 8、them 9 、you your 10 、your 11 、them 12 、him 13 、his 14 、it me you 15、he his him 16、her she 17 、her 18 、our our 19、they 20 、your 三、 1、them 2 、our her 3、i me 4 、him 5 、us 6 、his mine 四、 1、your ours 2、mine 3 、them 4 、my 5、her 6 、their their ours 七、 1、D 2、B 3、A 4、D 5、D 6、B 7、C 8、B 9、C 10、B 11、A 12、C 13、B 14、B 15、B 16、C 反身代词 : 1. Those girls enjoyed _ in the party last night. A. them B. they C. themselves D. herself 2. Help _ to some fish, children. 名师归纳总结 A. yourself B. your C. yours D. yourselves 第 7 页,共 25 页3.The film _ is very fun. A. it s B. itself C. it D. its - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 4. Who teaches _ math. I teach _. A. your, my self B. you, myself C. you, me D. you, herself 5. The father will make _ a bike _. A. her, himself B. she, himself C. her, herself D. she, herself 6. 6. The scarf is _, she made it_. A. herself, her B. herself, hers C. hers, herself D. her, herself 7. . Liu Hulan s death was great. She thought more of others than _. A. her B. she C. hers D. herself 8. Luckily, he didn t hurt _ terribly yesterday. A. him B. themselves C. himself D. they 9. I cant mend my shoe _. Can you mend it for _. A. myself, me B. myself, I C. me, I D. I, me 10. I like watching _ in the mirror. A. me B. I C. my D. myself 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. D Key: 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 指示代词： 1 Who's that at the door. _ is the postman. A. She B. This C. It D. He 2 -Who's that in the picture. A. It's me B. That's I C. This is a boy D. It's I 3 -Look, who is coming. -_ must be our English teacher. A. She B. He C. It D. This 4 Someone is knocking at the door, but who can_ be. A. one B. he C. she D. it 4 1 _ was late summer and the weather was very hot. A. That B. It C. This D. It's 2 What time is _ now. A it B. all C. this D: that 3 _ a heavy rain last night. A. There had B. We had C. It was D. There is 4 _ is 200 kilometres from here to the natural park. We have to go there by car. A. There B. It C. This D. The place 3. 1-4 D A D D 4. 1-4 B A B B 6、关系代词： 用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词 , 参见后面的定语从句；1、关系代词 who 、which 、 that 、whom 等, 将定语从句和主句连接起来；英语中的关系代词一方面在从句中担任肯定的成分, 另一方面又起连接作用；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 如： The student who is drawing a picture is in Grade One. 正在画画的同学是一年级的 2、关系代词 who / whom 指人 , 假如作从句的宾语 , 就有时省略；如：Do you know the man who is wearing a red hat 红帽子的男人吗？ . 你熟悉那个戴着3、关系代词 which 指物, 假如作从句的宾语 , 就有时省略；如： Have you found the book which you lost several days ago. 你找到几天前丢失的那本书了吗？ 4、关系代词 that 既可指人也可指物 , 假如作从句的宾语 , 就有时省略；如： Can you see the man/dog that is running along the river bank . 你看得见顺着河跑的男人 / 狗了吗？ 7、连接代词：用来引导 宾语从句、主语从句或表语从句的连接词称 连接代词 ；英 语 中 连 接 代 词 主 要 有 ： what 什 么 ,who 谁 ,whom 谁 ,which 哪 个,whose 谁的 ；详见相应从句；10、疑问代词： 用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词；1、who、whom、whose、what、which 、whoever、whatever 、whichever 主要用于 特别疑问句中 , 一般放在句首；口语中也常用 who代替 whom作宾语 , 但在介词 后就只能用 whom；如： 你都邀请了谁参与你的生日 Whom did you invite to your birthday party.聚会的？ / What does she want to be when she grows up. 她长大了想干什 么？ 2、who 和 whom只能独立使用 , 其中 who 可以作句子的主语、表语或动词的宾语, whom只能作谓语动词的宾语；而what、which 、whose等既可以独立使用作主语、表语和宾语 , 也可以与名词构成疑问短语； 如： Who is that man. 那男的是谁？ / What colour are their hats. 他们的帽子是什么颜色？/ Which car was made in Germany. 哪辆车是德国造的？ 被动句 留意这个提问 ：The man in the car is my father. 车里的男人是我父亲 Which man is your father. 哪个男人是你的父亲？ 3、which 除了可以询问指代的情形之外 , 仍可以针对说明人物的时间、地点、岁数、颜色、大小、状况等进行提问； 如：People there live a very sad life. 那里的人生活凄惨 Which people live a sad life. -Which hotel have you booked for your holiday. 哪些人生活凄惨？ / 为了度假你预订了哪家旅社？ The biggest one in Haikou. 海口最大的那家旅社 4、疑问代词不分单复数 , 视它所替代的人或事物打算单复数, 但是通常用单数； 如名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 果 修 饰 名 词 , 就 以 名 词 的 单 复 数 为 准 ； 如 ： Who is are in that playhouse. 谁在嬉戏房里？ / What is that. 那是什么？ / What are those. 那些是什么？ / What colours do they have. 它们有哪些颜色？ 8 1 _ is the best season of the year. A. When B. What C. Which D.