2022年小学英语动词及专项训练.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载学校英语动词及专项训练1.动词的定义：表示动作或状态的词叫做动词；表示动词的词如 ask ,walk 等2.动词的分类：（1）实义动词又叫行为动词,能独立做谓语：如open, hold , learn （2）系动词又称连系动词, 不能独立做谓语, 后边必需接表语组成系表结构, 说明主语的状态、性质、特点等： be 动词（3）助动词, 主要帮助动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫做助动词；它本身没有词义, 和实义动词一起构成各种时态和语态,也可构成否定或疑问结构：do、will、should、would （4）情态动词, 表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应当或必要等；由于词义不完全,不能单独作谓语,要后接动词完成谓语部分：3.动词的基本形式must、can、could、may、will （1）动词原形：动词未经任何变化的原先形式；如：have、cut、see （2）第三人称单数现在时：动词一般现在时的第三人称单数形式的构成和名词复数构成法相似；A.直接加“s”：read-reads leave-leaves B.以 e 结尾的动词,直接加“s ” : come-comes close-closes C.以 s. x. sh. ch.o结尾的单词 ,加“es ”: watch-watches fix-fixes wash-washes go-goes D.以“辅音字母 +y” 结尾的单词,变“y” 为“i”, 再加“es”: cry-cries E.以“元音字母 +y” 结尾的单词,直接加“s”:play-plays （3）过去式的变化规章：A.直接加“ed” ：look-looked watch-watched B.以 e 结尾的动词,直接加“d”: live-lived love-loved C.以“辅音字母 +y” 结尾的单词,变“y” 为“i”, 再加“ed ” : cry-cried E.D.以“元音字母 +y” 结尾的单词,直接加“s ” :play-played 动词不规章变化表名师归纳总结 Infinitive Past 6. Past tense 第 1 页,共 7 页tense Infinitive 1. am, is was 2. keep kept 4. 3. are were let let 5. become became make made - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 7. begin 学习必备欢迎下载8. 第 2 页,共 7 页 began meet met 10. 9. bite bit put put 12. 11. blow blew read read 14. 13. buy bought ride rode 16. 15. catch caught run ran 18. 17. come came say said 20. 19. cost cost see saw 22. 21. cut cut sing sang 24. 23.dig dug sit sat 26. 25.do did sleep slept 28. 27. draw drew speak spoke 30. 29. drink drank sweep swept 32. 31. eat ate take took - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载33. fall fell 34.teach taught 35. feed fed told 36. tell felt 38.think 37.feel thought 39. fly flew 40. throw threw 42.understand 41.forget forgot understood 43. get got 44. give gave 46. 45. wake woke go went 48. 47. wear wore grow grew 50. 49. win won have/has had 52. 51. write wrote know knew 53 .break broke 4.动词的时态 一、一般现在时 : 表示常常性、规律性习惯性的动作或现在存在的状态；结构：1. 动作词一般用原形,但假如是第三人称单数时（如 单数形式,即加 s 或 es ; Tony ,he ,she ）,动作词用第三人称在主语前加 do, does帮忙疑问句,后面的动词用原形；在动作词前加 don t, doesn t 帮忙否定句,后面的动词用原形；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载2. 句子中没动作词时,用 be 动词： is , am , are ；is , am , are 放在主语前帮忙疑问句；is , am , are 后面加上 not 帮忙否定句；3. 情态动词 can, may, should,must 引起的句子是一般现在时,后面接动词用原形；can, may, should,must 放在主语前帮忙疑问句,后面接动词用原形；can, may, should, must后面加上 not 帮忙否定句,后面接动词用原形；4. 确定祈使：动词原形 + 其它否定祈使句： Don t +动词原形 + 其它5感叹句：What a mess. What a beautiful desert. What beautiful flowers. What+ 形名How beautiful. How beautiful the flower is. How beautiful the flowers are. How+ 形A. 确定句： 非第三人称单数 主语 +V+ 其它 We come from China. 第三人称单数 主语 +Vs+ 其它 He comes from China. 主语 +be is, am, are+ 其它We are from China. 主语 +情态动词 can, may, should, must+V+ 其它 She must go. B. 否定句： 非第三人称单数 主语 +don t +V+ 其它 We don t come from China. 第三人称单数 主语 +doesn t +V+ 其它 He doesn t come from China. 主语 +be is, am, are not+ 其它 I arent from China. 主语 +情态动词 can, may, should, must+not +V+ 其它C一般疑问句：Do +非第三人称单数主语 +V+ 其它Do you come from China. Does +第三人称单数主语 +Vs+ 其它Does he come from China. be Is, Am, Are+ 主语 +其它Are you from China. 情态动词 Can, May, Should, Must +主语 + V+ 其它 She cant go.D特别疑问句：特别疑问词 +do + 非第三人称单数 主语 +V+ 其它 Where do you come from. 特别疑问词 +does + 第三人称单数 主语 +Vs+ 其它 Where does he come from. 特别疑问词 +be is, am, are+ 主语 +其它 Where are you from. 特别疑问词 +情态动词 Can, May, Should, Must+ 主语 + V+ 其它 Can she go.二、现在进行时 : 表示现在正在进行的动作；结构：1. be 动词 is , am , are + 动词 ing 现在分词 ；is , am , are 放在主语前帮忙疑问句,后面的动词加 ing；is , am , are 后面加上 not 帮忙否定句,后面的动词加 ing；A. 确定句 :主语 +be（ is, am, are ） +Ving +其它 They are coming here. B. 否定句：主语 +be（ is, am, are ）+not +Ving + 其它 They aren t coming here. C. 一般疑问句：be（ Is, Am, Are ）+主语 + Ving+其它 Are they coming here. D. 特别疑问句：特别疑问词 + be（ is, am, are ）+主语 + Ving +其它 What are they doing.三、一般过去时：表示过去某个时间里发生了的动作或状态；结构：1. 动作词用过去式 ed ；在主语前加 did 帮忙疑问句,后面的动词用原形；在动作词前加 didn t 帮忙否定句,后面的动词用原形；2. 句子中没动作词时,用be动词的过去式： was , were；was , were 放在主语前帮忙疑问句；was , were后面加上 not 帮忙否定句；A. 确定句：主语+Ved+ 其它We came from China 主语 +be was, were+ 其它We were from China. 名师归纳总结 B. 否定句：主语+didn t +V + 其它We didn t come from China. 第 4 页,共 7 页主语 +be was, were +not+ 其它We weren t from China. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - C一般疑问句：学习必备欢迎下载Did + 主语 +V + 其它Did you come from China. be Was, Were+ 主语 +其它Were you from China. D特别疑问句：特别疑问词 + did +主语 +V + 其它 Where did you from. 特别疑问词 + be was, were +主语 + 其它 Where were from. 四、一般将来时：表示将来某个时间的动作或状态；结构：1. be going to + 动词原形 is , am , are 放在主语前帮忙疑问句；is , am , are 后面加上 not 帮忙否定句；2. will+ 动词原形 will 放在主语前帮忙疑问句,后面接动词用原形；will 后面加上 not 帮忙否定句,后面接动词用原形；A. 确定句：主语+will +V + 其它He will dig a hole. 主语 + be going to +V + 其它He is going to dig a hole. B. 否定句：主语 +will not +V + 其它 He won t dig a hole. 主语 + be not going go +V + 其它 He isnt going to dig a hole. C一般疑问句：Will+ 主语 +V+ 其它 Will he dig a hole. BeIs, Am, Are + 主语 going to +V+ 其它 Is he going to did a hole. D特别疑问句：特别疑问词 +will+ 主语 +V+ 其它 What will he do. 特别疑问词 +beis, am, are + 主语 going to +V+ 其它 What is he going to do. 五、过去进行时：表示过去某时正在进行的动作；结构：1. be 动词 was, were + 动词 ing；was, were 放在主语前帮忙疑问句,后面的动词加 ing；was, were后面加上 not 帮忙否定句,后面的动词加 ing；A. 确定句 :主语 +be（was, were） +Ving He was digging a hole. B. 否定句： 主语 +be （was, were ） +not +Ving He wasnt digging a hole. C. 一般疑问句：be（Was, Were ）+主语 + Ving Was he digging a hole. D. 特别疑问句：特别疑问词 + be （ was, were ） +主语 + Ving What was he doing （二）时态意义与结构一览表：名师归纳总结 时时态意 义与动主语动词形式特别 疑问句常用时间第 5 页,共 7 页词确定句否定句态一1.表示现be 三单is is not 疑问词 is +主语always, often, nowusually, 在的状动I am am not 疑问词 am+ 主语般态；词you,复are are not 疑问词 are+主语sometimes, ever, never, 2. 表示情全部can +V can not +V 疑问词 can +主语 +V in the morning常常性习态主语may +V may not +V 疑问词 may+主语 +V in the afternoon, - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 现惯性的动1 学习必备欢迎下载第 6 页,共 7 页动must +Vmust not +V 疑问词 must+主语 +V in the evening, at night, 作、爱好词should should not 疑问词 should+主语 +Von Sunday, 在爱好或能+V+V every 力；行三单Vs doesn t +V 疑问词 does +主语 +V once a week, twice a month, 为时3.祈使句非三单疑问词 do +主语 +V 3 times a year V don t +V 动词be 无Be Don t be Be quick. Don t be worried. 行无V Don t +V Listen to me. Don t push. 一4.感叹句为What a mess. What a beautiful desert. What beautiful flowers. How beautiful. How beautiful the flower is. How beautiful the flowers are. be单 youwas was not 疑问词 was +主语yesterday, 般 过 去 时表示过去动复 +youwere were not 疑问词 were+主语this morning, 了的动作词before that, 或状态；行全部主语Ved didn t +V 疑问词 did + 主语 +V last为现表示现在行三单is +Ving is not +Ving 疑问词 is +主语 +Vingnow, 在为I am +Ving am not +Ving 疑问词 am+ 主语+VingListen. 进正在进行动Look. 行的动作；you,复are are not +Ving 疑问词 are+ 主语 +Ving词时Where s +Ving 过 去 进 行 时表示过去行单 youwas +Vingwas not +V ing 疑问词 was+主语 +Vingyesterday 某时正在this morning 进行的动为复 +youwere were not 疑问词 were+主语+Vingat that time 作；+Ving at nine +V ing be 全部will+ be won t+ be 疑问词 will +主语+ be tomorrow, 一 般 将 来 时表示行主语Will+ V won t +V 疑问词 Will +主语 + 2 为V this evening, 将要发生行三单is going to+V is not going to+V 疑问词 is+主语 going to+V later, 的动in a minute, 作或为I am going to+Vam not going to+V 疑问词 am+主语going to+Vafter that, 状态；动are going to+V are not going to+V next词you,复疑问词 are+主语going to+V - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载习题：1 I_be not a middle school student. 2 She _be in Class Six ,Grade One . We_be all Y oung pioneers. 3 Sam and I_be in different classes . 5 There _be a map on the wall. There _be some boats in the river. 7 There_be a pencil-box and some books in the bag . 8 There_be two bikes and a car near the house. 9 I can _see some flowers on the table. 10. You must_find those things. 11. _ you _have a new watch. 12. Let me _see,please. I _not have a watch . 13. I think he _beback in a week. 14. It's time _play games. 15. I want _take some books to the classroom . 16. Could you _take it to your room . 17. It's snowing now. We can go out _ play in the snow. 18. _not jump too high. Would you like_drink tea . 19. She _like her new skirt . 20. The men _work near the house now. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 7 页