2022年届高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——非谓语动词.docx

名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2022 届高考英语陷阱题总结归纳非谓语动词 典型陷阱题分析1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _ a good college. A. enterB. to enter C. enteringD. entered 【陷阱】 简洁误选A；有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词could 就肯定此处应填动词原形enter；【分析】 其实正确答案应是B；此句为省略句,即在could 后省略了动词do,如把句子补完整应为 Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college；即句中的不定式短语to enter a good college 是用作目的状语的,而不是与情态动词could 一起构成谓语；请再看类似例句：1 They did what they could to comfort her. 他们尽量劝慰她；2 They did everything they could to save her life. 他们尽一切力气挽救她的性命；3 He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 他拼命学习以便赶上他的同 学；值得指出的是,这也并不是说今后只要遇到类似结构的题就肯定选带 to 不定式；请看以下试题：4 He ran as fast as he could _ to catch the early bus. A. to hopeB. hope C. hopingD. hoped 此题的答案是C 不是 A,其中的现在分词短语hoping to catch the early bus 用作相伴状语；5 He spent every minute he could _ spoken English. A. practiseB. to practise C. practisingD. practised 此题答案选 C,这与前面动词 spent 的搭配有关, 即 spend in doing sth；如将此句补充 完整,即为 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English. 6 Before going abroad he devoted all he could _ his oral English. A. improveB. to improve C. improvingD. to improving 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -此题答案选D,留意两点：一是devote to 是固定搭配,意为“把 奉献给 ” ；二是其中的 to 是介词,不是不定式符号,后接动词时要用动名词；2. He knows nothing about it, so he cant help _ any of your work. A. doingB. to do C. being doingD. to be done 【陷阱】 简洁误选 B,依据 cant help doing sth 这一结构推出；【分析】 其实答案应选 A ；比较以下结构：can t help to do sth = 不能帮忙做某事can t help doing sth = 禁不住做某事,情不自禁地做某事又如下面一题,答案也是 B：She can t help _ the house because shes busy making a cake.A cleaningB. to clean C. cleanedD. being cleaned 再请看以下试题：While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really nA. to persuadeB. persuading C. being persuadedD. be persuaded 此题应选 C,句中的cant help 意为 “禁不住 ” （留意依据句意用被动形式）；3. All her time _ experiments, she has no time for films. A. devoted to do B. devoted to doing C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing 【陷阱】 几个干扰项均有可能误选；【分析】 此题正确答案为 B；现分析如下：1 devote 意为 “致力于, 献身于 ” ,主要用devote to 或 be devoted to,其中的 to 是介词,不是不定式符号,故后接动词时要用动名词,不用不定式；2 选 A 错误：如将do 改为doing 就可以；3 选 B 正确： all her time devoted to doing experiments为独立主格结构,用作状语；4 选 C 错误：由于all her time 与 devote 为被动关系,故应将devoting 改为 devoted； 第 2 页,共 22 页 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5 选 D 错误：如单独看All her time is devoted to doing experiments ,此句并没有错,但问题是逗号前后两个简洁句没有必要的连接方式,所以从整体上看仍不对,假如在后一句的句首加上 and 或 so,就可选 D,或将 D 将中的 is 改为 being 也可选它；请做以下类似题（答案均选 A）：1 All the preparations for the project _, were ready to start. A. completed B. have been completed C. had been completed D. been completed 2 Such _ the case, I couldnt help but_ him.A. being, support B. was, support C. has been, supporting D. is, to support 比较以下各题,答案选 B,由于句中使用了并列连词 and：1 All the preparations for the project _ _, and were ready to start. A. completed B. have been completed C. had been completed D. been completed 2 Such _ the case, I couldnt help but_ him.A. being, support B. was, support C. has been, supporting D. is, to support 4. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult. A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make 【陷阱】 简洁误选 C,受题干中的逗号的影响,认为是现在分词表结果的用法；【分析】其实答案应选 B,句中的逗号相当于连词 and 或 but,not to make it more difficult 是对逗号前的不定式 to make life easier 的补充说明； 此句的意思是 “新技术的目的是为了使生活变得更简洁,而不是使生活变得更困难”；两个不定式同时用以说明句子主语 purpose 的内容；请做以下类似试题（答案选 B）：The purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but _ work for young people. A. provide B. to provide C. providing D. provided 5. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. to be tied B. being tied 第 3 页,共 22 页 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -C. tied D. having tied 【陷阱】 简洁误选 B；【分析】 正确答案为 C；从意义上看, hands 与 tie 的关系应属被动关系,故排除 D；在 A 、B、C 三个选项中,选项 A 比较简洁排除,由于不定式表示将来意义,在此与语境不符；现将 B 和 C 作一比较： B 为现在分词的被动式,它表示两层意义,一是表被动,二是表进行,也就是说 his hands being tied 的实际意思是 “ 他的手正在被捆住”,这明显与语境不符；而 C为过去分词,它也表示两层意义,一是表被动,二是表示动词的完成或完成后的状态,此句中的 with his hands tied behind his back 可视为手被捆在背后的一种状态；由此可知正确答案为 C；请看下面一题：Anyone _ trying to take knives on heard flights would be caught by the police. A. finds B. found C. being found D. will find 答案选 B 而不选 C,其中的过去分词表示被动和完成；比较下面两题,正确答案是D 不是 A ,现在分词的被动式表示被动和进行：1 The court hears about 120 cases a year; visitors are welcome to see a case _. A. argued B. to be argued C. to be arguing D. being argued 2 The silence of the library was sometimes broken by an occasional cough or by the sound of pages _. A. turned B. having turned C. to be turned D. being turned 6. Remind me _ the medicine tomorrow. A. of taking B. taking C. to take D. take 【陷阱】 简洁误选 A；受 remind sb of doing sth 这一常用结构的影响；【分析】 正确答案为 C；比较以下三个结构：remind sb of about sth = 使某人想起某事remind sb of doing sth = 提示某人做过某事（示意动作已发生）remind sb to do sth = 提示某人去做某事（示意动作尚未发生）请看两个例句：细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -I reminded him of his promise. 我提示他做过的诺言；My wife reminded me of seeing that film. 我妻子提示我曾经看过那部电影；Can you remind me to phone her tomorrow. 你明天能否提示我给她打电话 . 7. Once your business becomes international, _ constantly will be part of your life. A. you fly B. your flight C. flight D. flying 【陷阱】 几个干扰项均有可能误选；【分析】 正确答案为D；由于空格后显现了constantly 这一副词,这就说明不能选B 或 C,由于 B、C 均为名词,不能受副词constantly 的修饰； A 和 D 均是可能的,由于其中有动词 fly ；但如选 A ,you fly 是一个主谓结构, 与其后的谓语will be 相冲突, 所以只能选D,即动名词 flying 在此用作主语；8. Not only should you get used _ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more attention _ your work well. A. to work, to do B. to working, to doing C. to work, to doing D. to working, to do 【陷阱】 简洁误选 A,认为两个空白处均应填不定式；【分析】 正确答案为 B,由于 get used to 与 pay attention to 这两个结构中的 to 均为介词,不是不定式符号, 故后接动词时要用动名词,不能动词原形； 类似地, 以下各结构中的 to 也是介词,不是不定式符号,后接动词时也应用动名词,而不是动词原形：look forward to doing sth 希望做某事 be opposed to doing sth 反对做某事 object to doing sth 反对做某事 stick to doing sth 坚持做某事get down to doing sth 开头做某事 take to doing sth 喜爱上做某事 admit to doing 承认做了某事 pay attention to doing sth 留意做某事devote one time to doing sth 把某人的时间用于奉献于 做某事be equal to doing sth 等于做某事,能胜任做某事 What do you say to doing sth 你认为做某事怎么样细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -9. Both of my parents insisted _ a computer for me, but I dont think it is necessary.A. to buy B. buying C. on buying D. in buying 【陷阱】 简洁误选 B,误认为 insist 后不能接不定式,但可以接动名词；【分析】 答案应选 C；其实,动词 insist 后既不能接不定式也不能接动名词,由于 insist 通常用作不及物动词；如语义上需接宾语,要借助介词 on 或 upon,即用于 insist on upon doing sth；但它有时的确也可用作及物动词,不过其宾语通常只能是 that 从句,而不能是一般的名词、代词或动名词；如：He insisted on seeing her home. 他坚持送她回家；I insisted that he should stay. 我坚持要他留下；10. “Do you have anything more _, sir.”“No. You can have a rest or do something else.”A. typing B. to be typed C. typed D. to type 【陷阱】 简洁误选 D,依据 have sth to do 这一常用结构推出；【分析】 正确答案是 B；的确,在 “ have+宾语 +不定式 ”结构中,用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义,如 I have some clothes to wash 等,即尽管其中的 some clothes 与其后的不定式 to wash 具有被动关系,但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义；但值得指出的是,这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系,如 I have some clothes to wash 中的 to wash 就是由该句主语 I 来完成的；而上面一题的情形有所不同,即其中的 to type 这一动作不是由句子主语 you 来完成的,而是由说话者“ 我” 来完成的；比较：Are you going to Shanghai. Do you have anything to take to your son. 你要去上海吗？你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗？I m going to Shanghai next week. I have a lot of things to take with me. 下个星期我要去上海,我随身要带很多东西去；11. She took her son, ran out of the house, _ him in the car and drove quickly to the nearest doctors office. B. to put 第 6 页,共 22 页 A. put C. putting D. having put 【陷阱】 简洁误选B 或 C,误认为这考查非谓语动词的用法；细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -【分析】 正确答案选 A；句中的 took, ran, put, drove 为四并列的谓语动词,其时态应一样；类似地如 答案选 A ：I got out of the taxi, _ the fare and dashed into the station. A. paid B. paying C. to pay D. having paid 但是,下面一题稍有不同：Hearing the news, he rushed out, _ the book _ on the table and disappeared into the distance. A. left; lain open B. leaving; lying open C. leaving; lie opened D. left; lay opened 此题答案选 B,leaving 在此表结果, lying open 与其前的动词 leave 有关, leave 后接现在分词作宾语补足语,表示使某人或某物处于做某事的状态中；12. The boss insisted that every minute _ made full use of _ the work well. A. be, to do B. was, doing C. be, doing D. was, to do 【陷阱】 简洁误选 B；【分析】 其实正确答案是 A ；分析如下：1 第一空填 be,是由于 insisted 后接 that 从句,从句谓语要用 “should+动词原形 ”这样的虚拟语气,其中的 should 也可省略；2 其次空要填 to do,是由于此句谓语为被动语态,假如将此句转换成主动语态,就是 should make full use of every minute to do the work well, 句中涉及 make use of to do sth 利用 做某事 这一结构； 另外,仍有 make the most of 尽量利用 ,make the best of 尽量利用 等短语也可能用于此类试题；请看以下类似例子：1 The old professor told us every part of the materials should be made use of _ the power station. A. to build A,不是B. building C. build D. built 此题答案选B；为便于懂得,可先考虑以下结构： make use of every part of the materials to build the power station细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -由此可见, make use of 的宾语是every part of the materials ,其后的不定式to build the power station 为目的状语；2 Does the way you thought of _ the water clean make any sense. A. making B. to make C. how to make D. having made 此题答案选 B,不是 A ；句子主语是 the way,you thought of 是修饰主语的定语从句,不定式 to make the water clean 也是修饰主语的定语,也就是说, 句子主语带有两个定语修饰语；13. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. A. carried out B. carrying out C. carry out D. to carry out 【陷阱】 几个干扰项均有可能误选；【分析】 答案选 A；此句结构较复杂,现分析如下：1 that they would like to see _ the next year 是修饰名词the plan 的定语从句；2 由于 the plan 与空格处的carry out 有被动关系,故填过去分词carried out；请做以下类似试题：1 Who do you think youd like _ with you, a boy or a girl. A. to have go B. to have to go C. to have gone D. having to go 在确定答案之前,我们先来看看下面这个句子：I think Id like to have a boy go with me. have；在此句中,假如对名词a boy 句中的go 要用原形,这是由于其前有表示使役的动词提问,便可得出：Who do you think youd like to have go with you.对比上面一题,答案很明显是 A ；2 Who did the boss _ his car this time. A. make wash B. make to wash C. make washing D. making to wash 在做此题之前,也请先看看下面这个句子：The boss made Jack wash his car this time. 假如对句中的名词Jack 提问,便可得出： 第 8 页,共 22 页 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Who did the boss make wash his car this time. 由此可知上面题答案为 A；3 You can never imagine what great difficulty I had _ your house all by myself. A. found B；考查的基本结构是B. finding C. to find D. for finding 此题答案选have great difficulty in doing sth ；14. How happy we are. The holiday we have been looking forward _ at last. A. to has come B. to have come C. to having come D. has come 【陷阱】 几个干扰项均有可能误选；【分析】 其实正确答案是 A；大家知道,短语 look forward to 意为 “ 希望 ” ,其中的 to 是介词,而不是不定式符号,所以后接动词要用动名词,很多同学据此便挑选了 C；但问题是,句中介词 to 的宾语不是 have come,而是 the holiday ；正解的句子分析是：the holiday 为句子主语, we have been looking forward to 是修饰主语的定语从句 介词 to 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词 that,被省略 ,has come 是句子谓语；请做以下类似试题：1 The man you referred to _ just now. A. comes B. come the man 的定语从句,空白处填C. coming D. came 答案选 D,句子主语为the man,you referred to 为修饰came,为句子谓语；2 The theory he sticks to _ to be of no use in our studies. A. proves B. prove The theory C. proving D. be proved 答案选 A,he sticks to 是修饰主语the theory 的定语从句,句子的基本结构为proves to be of no use in our studies. 3 The work he devoted his time to _ worth praising. A. was B. be The C. being D. been 答案选 A,he devoted his time to 是修饰主语the work 的定语从句； 句子的基本结构为work was worth praising. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -4 I think this is the very work that we must finish _ her. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped 答案是 A；句中空格处填的动词 help 并不是 finish 的宾语, 正确的句子分析是：that I must finish 是修饰名词 the very work 的定语从句, finish 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词that,其后的不定式 to help her 是目的状语；5 Which do you enjoy _ your weekend, swimming or fishing. A. spending B. being spent spending；此题中的to C. spend D. to spend 答案选D；enjoy 的宾语是句首的疑问词which ,不是其后的动词spend 用作目的状语；5 What the boy enjoys _ to have a room of his own. A. being B. to be C. is D. are 答案选 C,而不选 A ；what the boy enjoys 是主语从句,空格处填的 is 为谓语动词；6 Nothing that he suggested _ to be of any use. A. prove B. proved C. proving D. to prove 答案选 B,而不选 C；句子主语是 nothing,that he suggested 是修饰主语的定语从句,suggested 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词 that,而不是其后的动词；句子谓语是 proved；全句意为 “他建议的情形没有一条是有用的；”7 The old house we paid a visit _ at the top of the hill. A. standing B. to stand C. to standing D. to stands 答案选 D；we paid a visit to 是修饰 the old house 的定语从句,句中的 stands 为主句谓语；8 The life he is now used _ quite different from ours. A. is B. to be C. to being D. to is 答案选 D；句中 he is now used to 是修饰 the life 的定语从句, to 后的动词 is 是句子的谓语,句意为 “ 他现在习惯的这种生活与我们的生活很不相同” ；9 The work he paid special attention _ to nothing. 细心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 10 页,共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A. came B. to come C. to coming D. to came 答案选 D；句中的 he