2022年初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载中学英语过去进行时专项语法讲解 一）定义 过去进行时,是表示过去某个详细时刻正在进行的事情或动作；（二）结构 was/were +doing 现在分词）（三）用法 1 、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内连续进行的动作或者事情；常用的 时间状语 this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视；What was he researching all day last Sunday. 上周日他一成天都在讨论什么？My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来,受伤了；It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨；When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候,阳光辉煌；2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情；时间点可以用介词 短语、副词或从句来表示；如：What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday. 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ 介词短语表示时间点 When I saw him he was decorating his room. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 21 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载当我观察他的时候他正在装饰房间； when 从句表示时间点 3. 在复合句中,假如主要动作和背景动作都是连续的或同时发生的,那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时；例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper. 他边等车边看报； 两个动作都是连续的 He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭； 两个动作同时进行 4. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have 拥有, hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish 等；例如：误：I was knowing the answer. 正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案；误：I wasn't understanding him. 正：I didn't understand him. 典型例题：我不明白他的意思；1 Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 答案 C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时；同时,when表时间的同时性,“ 玛丽在做衣服时” 供应事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时；2 As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell 答案 B.句中的 as = when, while ,意为 " 当 之时 "；描述一件事发生名师归纳总结 的背景时,用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生；句意为 "第 2 页,共 21 页在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了；" 句中的 fell fall的过去时 ,是系动词,后跟形容词,如： fall sick；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载（四）过去进行时和一般过去时的区分 1 一般过去时表达旧事,过去进行时描述背景；、一般过去时）表达过去状态、动作或大事 He went to Beijing the other day.（带详细时间）表示过去的习惯 a would ,used to 与过去时 would 表间断性不规章的习惯,常带频率时间 used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯 They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words. He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为）b Would 用于文中不用于句首,只表过去习惯；Used to 表今昔对比的含义,表达习惯动作可与would 换用；When he was a boy , he would often go there . （表达过去）She isn't what she used to be. 今昔对比 c 表示状态时一般只用 used to Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. 状态 d was were used to +ving 表示“ 合适于,适应于. ”He used to work at night . “ 习惯” 表常常 He was used to working at night. 习惯表适应 ）表示过去的经受,平行动作,依此大事用一般过去时；名师归纳总结 He sat there and listened to the radio.依此发生 第 3 页,共 21 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载）表示客气委婉的语气,用于情态动词,助动词和 want , wonder , hope 等How did you like the film. / Could you help me. B. 过去进行时表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生What were you doing at 8:30 last night. 过去某时刻正在发生 短暂性动词用过去进行时表示按方案、准备 During that time he was going with us. 表示准备 与 always ,often ,usually 等连用表宠爱,厌恶等感情颜色；He was always Changing his mind. 2、过去进行时与一般过去时的区分 A. 进行时表某一行为的“ 片断” 一般时表示行为的“ 整体” 和存在的 状态；I was reading the book at that time. 未读完,“ 读” 的片段 I read the book yesterday. 已读完,表整个“ 读” B、一般连续时间状语多与进行时连用It was raining all night.优先用 was raining ,rained 为连续动词,故也可使用 He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. 短暂动词与持续时间连用,表反复,连续发生,不行用一般过去时 C、while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时；例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down. D、While 所在主从句动作大致连续相等时主从句一般都用进行时,但如是连续动词可都用一般过去时,两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时,长的用进行时；名师归纳总结 I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.平行 第 4 页,共 21 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载I cooked the dinner while he played the piano. I saw him while I was walking to the station. 3、英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时）1 表心理状态、情感的动词,如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 词意转变；等,如用进行时就I m forgetting it . =beginning to forget ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem2 表存在、状态的动词,如appear ,exist 等3 表感觉的动词,如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等. 4 表一时性的动词,如 accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise 等；5、例题 考题 1 As she _the newspaper ,Granny _ asleep .95 A. read /was falling B .was reading /fell C. Was reading /was falling D. read/fell 分析 时间从句的动作长,而“ 入睡” 动作短,故前者用过去进行时,而较短动词用一般过去时,选 B 考题 2 Tom _ into the house when no one _ . A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /looked C. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked 是较 分析 此题先要懂得好 when ,表“ 此时” ,说明主句中 slipped 短行为,而 look 是较长行为的片断,即汤姆溜进房子,此时没人观察,应选 A 为正确；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 21 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载编辑本段 时态比较过去进行时与一般过去时都强调过去发生的事 进行时强调过程,不肯定完成 过去时强调大事,肯定完成 p,s 表示一个动作正在进行时,另一个动作发生了 如： He played when I was studying. 过去进行时与一般过去时,两者都表示过去发生的动作 , 但过去进行时表示在过去某一特定的时间点或时间段正在进行的动作 示在过去时间完成的动作 .例如 : , 而一般过去时表I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信. 可能没打完 I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信. 已经打完 1、一般过时往往表示某一动作已经完成,而过去进行时却表示动作在连续或未完成；She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 封信； 信写完了 她昨晚给伴侣写了She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚始终在给伴侣写信； 信不肯定写完 2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作,而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行；She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手；3、句中有 a moment ago 之类的 短语 一般用一般过去时；4、句中有 at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之类的 状语 一般用过去进行时；过去进行时可以用来代替一般过去时,表示更为偶然而非预定的动作：I was talking to Tom the other day 那天我跟 汤姆 谈天来着；这里的过去进行时给人的印象是这一动作既不特别,也不引人注目；它同时仍倾向于解除主语对于这一动作所负的责任；句中谁先开口说话既 不清晰,也无关紧要；要留意它与一般过去时的差异：留意：进行时态只用于表示明显是连续不断的动作；假如把动作分割开,或者说出其发生的次数,就必需用一般过去时：I talked to Tom several times 我跟汤姆谈过几次话；Tom washed both cars 汤姆把两辆汽车都洗了；当然,看来是并行的两个动作可以都用进行 时态 来表示：Between one and two I was doing the shopping and walking the dog一点到两点之间我在购物、遛狗；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 21 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载这样用的进行时态通常和某些时间状语如 today ,last night ,in the afternoon 连用；这些时间状语可以看做是表示某一时刻,也可以看做是表 示某一段时间；如上面例句所示,某一段时间也可以用准确的时间来表示；如想问起一段时间怎样度过时,用过去进行时态要用比一般过去时显 得有礼貌：What were you doing before you came here？（你来这里之前做什么工作？）要比 What did you do be fore you came here？听起来有礼貌；另一方面, What were you doing in my room？（你在我的房间里干什么来着？）可能表示这样一种情感：我认为你没有权益在我的屋子里；但 What did you do in my room？却毫无这种含义；不用于进行时的动词感官动词 ：hear,see,notice,feel,taste 表示态度感情的动词：like,love ,hate 表心理状态： feel,want,prefer 表占有： own,have, 表存在状态和连续： look,owe,be when 和 while 的用法区分两者的区分如下：间；when 是 at or during the time that, 既指时间点,也可指一段时while 是 during the time that,只指一段时间,因此 when 引导的 时间状语从句 中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是连续性动词,而 while 从句中的动词必需是连续性动词；when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时,也可以是先后发 生； while 就强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动 作同时发生；由 when 引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过 去时；假如从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多 用 while 引导,如：a. When the teacher came in, we were talking. 当此句转变主从句的位置时,就为：While we were talking, the teacher came in. b They were singing while we were dancing. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 21 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载最终冲刺 2022 高考英语十六种时态用法详解：过去进行时1. 过去进行时的定义过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,动作；如：或表示过去某一阶段始终在进行的I was having a talk with Li Hua at that time. 那时,我正在跟李华谈话；I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我始终在看电视；2. 过去进行时的结构 过去进行时由 “ was / were + 现在分词 ” 构成；如：I was doing my lessons then. 那时,我在做功课；We were cleaning the house. 我们在打扫房子；3. 使用过去进行时应留意的几点 1 过去进行时可表示按方案、支配过去某时刻将要发生的动作；如：He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon. 他说他今日下午要去北京；2 动词 hope, wonder 等的过去进行常常用来表示提出要求,虽然表示现在的内容,但 语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉；如：I was wondering whether you could come to join us. 我想你能否过来跟我们一起活动？3 过去进行时中有always, forever, continually, constantly修饰时,表示说话人的称赞或厌烦的感情；如：He was always thinking of others. 他总是想到人家；4. 过去进行时与一般过去时的区分1 过去进行时强调动作在过去某时刻正在进行或连续,而一般过去时表示动作的完成；如：He was writing his composition last night. 他昨晚在写作文；不肯定写完 He wrote his composition last night. 他昨晚写了一篇作文；已经写完 2 表示过去的状态、感觉及心理活动的静态动词如 be, like, love, hate, fear, own, hear, see, know, want, notice 可用于一般过去时,但通常不用于进行时；如：I hated it when a man spoke with his mouth full of food. 我厌恶人们说话时口里含着食物；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 21 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3 一般过去时与学习必备欢迎下载等连用,表示 “过去常常性、习always, constantly, forever, continually惯性的动作 ” ；而过去进行时与always, constantly, forever, continually等连用,表示动作的重复,常带有感情的颜色；如：He always got up at six. 他过去总是六点起床；He was always thinking of his work. 他总是一心想到工作；4 有时过去进行时可以用来替换一般过去时,但一般过去时表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的；而过去进行时表示一种较任凭或没有进行认真考虑的行为；如：I thought that he would agree with us. 我原以为它会同意我们的；I was thinking of persuading him to follow my advice. 我想到了要说服他接受我们的建议高考英语语法辅导过去进行时讲解及习题练习 一、构成方法 过去进行时由 was/were 加现在分词构成；二、用法说明 表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作；如：What were you doing this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候你在做什么？During the summer of 1999 she was travelling in Europe. 1999年夏天她在欧洲旅行；表示过去将来,多用于 go, come, leave, start, take off 等动词；如：He said he was leaving for home in a day or two. 他说他一两天之内就动身回家了；名师归纳总结 表示过去的常常动作,常与always,forever 等连用,略带感* 彩；如：第 9 页,共 21 页She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人；颂扬 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载She was forever complaining. 她老是埋怨； 厌烦 表示某个短暂性动作发生的背景；假如主句谓语和从句谓语都发生在过去,动作时间长的用过去进行时,表达谈话背景；动作时间短的用一般过去时,表达新的信息；如：I was reading the newspaper when the doorbell rang. 我正在看报,突然门铃响了；Jim burnt his hand when he was cooking the dinner. 吉姆做饭时把手烫了；I met Diana while I was shopping this morning. 表示两个同时连续的动作；如：我今早买东西时遇到了戴安娜；I was doing my homework while he was listening to music. 我在做作业而他在听音乐；过去进行时可以表示客气的语气；如：I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 过去进行时专项讲解（一）定义不知我可否顺便搭你的车；过去进行时,是表示过去某个详细时刻正在进行的事情或动作；（二）结构 was/were +doing （现在分词）（三）用法 1 、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内连续进行的动作或者事情；常用, all day yesterday,的时间状语 this morning, the whole morning from nine to ten last evening, when, while 例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视；？What was he researching all day last Sunday上周日他一成天都在讨论什么？My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来,受伤了；It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨；When I got to the top of the mountain 当我到达山顶的时候,阳光辉煌；, the sun was shining. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 21 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情；时间点可以 用介词短语、副词或从句来表示；如：What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday？昨天晚上九点她在做什么？（介词短语表示时间点）When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我观察他的时候他正在装饰房间；（when从句表示时间点）3. 在复合句中,假如主要动作和背景动作都是连续的或同时发生的,那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时；例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper. 他边等车边看报；（两个动作都是连续的）He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭；（两个动作同时进行）4. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be , believe,belong , care , forget, hate , have（拥有）, hear , know, like,love , mean, mind , notice, own, remember, seem, suppose ,understand , want , wish 等；例如：误： I was knowing the answer. 正： I knew the answer. 我知道答案；误： I wasn't understanding him. 正： I didn't understand him. 典型例题：我不明白他的意思；1） Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 答案 C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情, 应用过去时； 同时,when表时间的同时性,“ 玛丽在做衣服时”供应事情发生的背景, 因此用过去进行时；2） As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. A. read ； was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading；was falling D. read；fell 答案 B.句中的 as = when, while ,意为 " 当 之时 " ；描述一件事发生的背景时, 用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候, 另一个短动作发生；句意为 " 在她看报纸时, 奶奶睡着了； " 句中的 fell （fall的过去时） ,是系动词,后跟形容词,如：fall sick；（四）过去进行时和一般过去时的区分 1. 一般过去时表达旧事,过去进行时描述背景；A、一般过去时 1）表达过去状态、动作或大事 He went to Beijing the other day.（带详细时间）2）表示过去的习惯 a） would ,used to 与过去时 would 表间断性不规章的习惯,常带频率时间 used to 表一贯性有规律的习惯 They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words. He smoked a lot two years ago. （过去行为）b） Would 用于文中不用于句首,只表过去习惯；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 21 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载Used to 表今昔对比的含义,表达习惯动作可与 would 换用；When he was a boy , he would often go there . （表达过去）She isn't what she used to be. （今昔对比）c） 表示状态时一般只用 used to Tom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. （状态）d） was （were） used to +ving 表示“ 合适于,适应于. ”He used to work at night . （“ 习惯” 表常常）He was used to working at night. （习惯表适应）3）表示过去的经受,平行动作,依此大事用一般过去时；He sat there and listened to the radio.（依此发生）4）表示客气委婉的语气, 用于情态动词, 助动词和 want , wonder ,hope 等How did you like the film？ / Could you help me？B. 过去进行时- 表示在过去某阶段或某一时刻正在发生生）What were you doing at 8：30 last night？（过去某时刻正在发- 短暂性动词用过去进行时表示按方案、准备During that time he was going with us.（表示准备）- 与 always ,often ,usually 等连用表宠爱,厌恶等感情颜色；He was always Changing his mind. 2、过去进行时与一般过去时的区分 A. 进行时表某一行为的“ 片断” 一般时表示行为的“ 整体” 和存在 的状态；I was reading the book at that time. （未读完,“ 读” 的片段）I read the book yesterday. （已读完,表整个“ 读” ）B、一般连续时间状语多与进行时连用 It was raining all night.（优先用 was raining ,rained 为持 续动词,故也可使用）He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. （短暂动词与 连续时间连用,表反复,连续发生,不行用一般过去时）C、while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时；例： He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down. D、While 所在主从句动作大致连续相等时主从句一般都用进行时,但如是连续动词可都用一般过去时,两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时,长的用进行时；行）I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.（平I cooked the dinner while he played the piano. I saw him while I was walking to the station. 3、英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行 时）名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 21 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载1）表心理状态、情感的动词,如 love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等,如用进行时就词意转变；）I m forgetting it . （=beginning to forget 2）表存在、状态的动词,如 appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等 3）表感觉的动词,如 see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste 等. 4）表一时性的动词,如 accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise 等；5、例题考题 1 As she _the newspaper ,Granny _ asleep .（95）A. read /was falling B .was reading /fell C. Was reading /was falling D. read/fell 分析时间从句的动作长,而“ 入睡” 动作短,故前者用过去进行时,而较短动词用一般过去时,选 B 考题 2 Tom _ into the house when no one _ . A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /looked C. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked 分析此题先要懂得好when