2022年初中非谓语动词讲解和练习.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载一、非谓语动词的定义及其形式1. 在句中充当除谓语以外的句成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词；它不受人称和数的限制；2. 非谓语动词的形式doing to do 省to do done 观看下句：I enjoy music. I practiced speaking English. I want water. I want to drink water. 二、动名词和不定式作宾语I enjoy losing my face. 1. 只能跟 动名词作宾语 的动词有： enjoy, finish, practice, mind, spend等；enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事practice doing sth. 练习做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事finish doing sth. 完成做某事spend doing sth. 花费 .做某事 简洁欢乐记忆口诀：喜爱完成练习,介意花费；2. 只能接 动词不定式作宾语的动词；在现行中学英语课本中动词有：decide, want, would like, plan, be used, refuse, help等；decide to do sth. 打算做某事 plan to do sth. 方案做某事 refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事want/would like to do sth. 想要做某事 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 help to do sth. 帮忙做某事简洁欢乐记忆口诀：打算想要做方案,被人拒绝不帮忙；He agreed to get someone to help us. 他同意找人来帮我们的忙；Mr. White wish to speak to you. 怀特先生想要跟你讲话；3. 既能跟动不定式也能跟动名词形式作宾语的动有： like, love, begin , start, hate；其意义区分不大, to do 表示有时做的, doing 表示始终喜爱做的；Tomorrow I start to work（working）. 明天我开头工作；Do you like to play（playing） football ？你爱踢足球吗？组合的情形一般用 to do（动词不定式）作宾语：would like /love 后,表示特定动作时；Would you like to leave a message？ 你要不要留个话儿？当谓语已经用了进行时态时；Its beginning to rain. 天开头下雨了；在 begin 后非限定动词由某些状态动词构成时；We began to think of this question. 我们开头考虑这个问题；She began to believe his story. 她开头信任他的故事；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载4动名词和动词不定式作宾语时意思不同 的动词；1 remember, forget, stop, go on, regret等动词后跟动名作宾时,表动名的动作发生在 谓动动作之前；跟动词不定式作宾时,表示动词不定式的动作发生在谓动动作之后；试比较下面的句子：I remember telling you about it once. 这事我记得曾和你谈过一次；You must remember to write to us when you get there. 到那里时,千万别忘了给我们写信；Go on reading the text. 连续读课文；After he finished the composition, he went on to do his homework. 他写完作文后接着做作业；She stopped speaking. 她停止讲话；He stopped to speak to Martin. 他停下来和马丁说话 ；2 try 和 mean跟动名词和动词不定式作宾语时,意思上差别很大；atry 跟动名作宾语时是 “ 试着做某事”法做某事” 的意思；试比较下面句子：的意思；而跟动词不定式作宾语时是 “ 设She tried writing a composition. 她试着写作文；She tried to get you on the phone. 她设法打电话找你；bmean 跟动名词作宾语时是“ 意思是、意味着” 的意思；而跟动词不定式时 是“ 妄想、准备” 的意思；试比较下面句子：This means wasting much money. 这意味着铺张许多钱；I meant to call on you. But I was so busy. 我是想来探望你的,但我太忙了；remember to do something记着去做某事（现在仍没有做）remember doing something记着曾做过某事（以前做过某事）forget to do something遗忘去做某事（现在仍没有做）forget doing something遗忘曾做过某事（以前做过某事）stop to do something开头做某事（停下正在做的事,开头做另一事）stop doing something停止做某事（停止正在做的事）try to do something 努力、尽力做某事 try doing something 试着做某事（看能否达到预期的结果）regret to do something对将来做的事感到遗憾、惋惜 regret doing something对已经做过的事感到懊悔 mean to do something准备,想,意图 mean doing something意味着 三、动名词和不定式作宾语的区分动名词作宾的特点是正在做某事,强调同时发生；不定式作宾是要去做某事,强调的是即将发生；常用必背（1）常用 doing 形式作宾语的动词和词组有名师归纳总结 advise建议allow 答应miss错过resist 抗击mind 介意第 2 页,共 5 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - feel like 想要enjoy 喜爱can精品资料欢迎下载希望put off 推迟finish 完成keep保持feel like 想要give up 舍弃keep on连续allow 答应practice 练习imagine 想象consider考虑t help禁不住look forward tosuggest 建议spend 花费（2）常用 to do 作宾语的动词有ask 要求 wish 期望 offer 供应 decide打算 help 帮忙 learn 学会agree 同意 refuse拒绝 hope期望 want 想要 expect 期望 promise 答应plan 方案 afford 承担起 prepare预备 manage胜利 arrange支配 help 帮忙【注】此 to 非彼 to, 试比较：look forward to doing sth. pay attention to doing sth be used to doing sth. 【例题精讲 D B】1. Do you still remember me, Lingling. Yes, of course. I remembered _ you in JUSCO last year. A. see B. sees C. to see ”D. seeing “ Do you still remember me. 以及” last year；2. My father has decided _ because smoking is bad for his health. A. to stop to smoke B. to stop smoking C. stopping smoking D. stop to smoke 拓展· 延长： 分析其结构Lucy invited me to attend her birthday party. My mother allows me to watch TV on weekend. 可以用带 to 的不定式作宾补的动词常用的有 encourage, advise, warn等；e.g. I ll get a friend to help you. 我将交个伴侣帮你的忙；ask, tell, order, invite, allow, wish, want, The man warned the children not to play football in the street. 那个人提示孩子们不要在街上踢足球；I often hear her sing in the classroom. 我常常听见她在教室里唱歌；【注】 省略 to 的不定式；常见的结构有：see sb. do sth. hear sb. do sth. let sb. do sth. make sb. do sth. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载动名词表示正在做,而不定式表示要去做,但是现在仍没做；一、单项挑选；1. Please remember _ the lights when you leave the room. OK, I will. A. turn off B. to turn off C. turning off 2. The boy is looking forward to A. to have B. has a good time after the exam. C. having D. have 3. James, I A. having m too tired. Let B. have s stop _ a rest. C. to having D. to have and 4. Jack took an interest in _ ping-pong soon after he came to China. A. playing B. plays C. play D. played 5. Dont forget _ your history and politics books tomorrow morning. Thanks. I wont.A. bring B. to bring C. bringing 6. What do you usually do at weekends. I often practice _English. A. speak B. to speak C. speaking 7. Remember _ the book to the library when you finish _ it. A. to return; to read B. returning; reading C. to return; reading C. returning; to read 8. May I have a rest. I have already finished _ the report. A. write B. writing C. to write D. written 9. While we were running on the playground, Jack suddenly stopped lay on the ground, so we all stopped what was wrong with him. A. to run; to see B. running; seeing C. running; to see 10. What bad weather it was. We decided _. A. to go out B. not to go out C. to not go out D. not going out 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空；1. On June 1 st, parents usually spend money in _（buy）picture books for their children as presents. 2. If you set your mind _（do）it, youll be successful in the end.3. Mr. Smith asked us _（wear）old clothes to school the next day. 4. Jim decided _（leave）Polly to Lin Feng when he was back to England. 5. Would you like _（buy）a bottle of orange for me. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载6. If you are tired, you can stop _（have）a rest. 7. He found it not easy _（do）it well. 名师归纳总结 8. I dont feel like _（have）medicine even though I am ill. 第 5 页,共 5 页- - - - - - -