2022年初中状语从句讲解及习题附答案.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载（一）状语从句概述定义 状语从句用作状语,是起副词作用的句子；位置 状语从句可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后,时间、条件、缘由和让步状语从句放在句首时需要用逗号和主句隔开；分类 依据其作用可以分为时间、地点、缘由、条件、目的、让步、方式和比较等状语从句；作用 它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语和整个句子；（二）状语从句详解1. 时间状语从句引导词用法示例when 意为“ 当 的时候” ；WhenA liar is not believed when he 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是连续性动词,也可以是speaks the truth.说谎者讲真话 时也没有人信任；瞬时动词；并且 when 有 When he arrives , I ll call you. 时表示“ 就在那时”When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. while 意为“ 在 的时候,在 While I was standing at the 的同时” ；While 引导从句 的谓语动词必需是连续性 的,发生时间较长,并强 调主句和从句的动作同时window, I saw several boys running along the street. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking. 发生（或者相对应）；While 有时仍可以表示对比；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - as 学习必备欢迎下载意为“ 一边 一边 ” ；The writer was angry as he was As 引导的动作是连续性 的,发生时间较短,一般travelling on a train to London because someone had invaded 用于主句和从句动作同时 his “space”. 发生； as 也可以强调一前 一后；He smiled as he stood up. after 意为“ 在 之后” ；表示主With many hungry visitors 句动作发生在从句动作之 后；主句与从句的动作时waiting, don t stay too long at your table after you have 间关系与 before 引导的从 finished. 句相反；If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over. before 意为“ 在 之前” ；引导的You can t watch TV before you 从 句 不用 否 定形 式的谓 语,并且当 before 引导的finish your homework. Before it ended, the theatre was 从句位于主句之后,有时 almost empty. 译成“ 就,才” ；当主句用 将来时,从句总是用现在 时；假如 before 引导的从 句谓语用的是过去时,就 主 句 动词 多 用过 去完成 时,这样以便表达动作的先后；My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. till 意为“ 直到” ；一般情形下She didn t even know that it 可以和 until 互换；假如主 句中的谓语动词是瞬时动was an earthquake till she saw a shaking moving from side to 词时,必需用否定形式；side light. 假如主句中的谓语动词是The fireman worked very hard 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载连续性动词时,用确定和 否定形式都可以,但表达 的意思不同；till the fire was out. until 意为“ 直到” ；在强调句型I m waiting for my sister. I 中多用 until ；假如主句中wont go to see my uncle until 的 谓 语动 词 是瞬 时动词 she comes. 时,必需用否定形式；如Wait until I finish what I am 果主句中的谓语动词是延 doing. 续性动词时,用确定和否 定形式都可以,但表达的 意思不同；since 意为“ 自从,从 以来” ；I have been studying hard since 引导从句的谓语动词可以 是连续性的动词,也可以I entered the high school. It is four years since my sister 是瞬时动词；一般情形下,lived in Beijing. 从句谓语动词用一般过去 时,而主句的谓语动词用It is five years months since our boss was not in Beijing. 现在完成时；但在 It is +时 间 +since 从 句 的 句 型中,主句多用一般现在时；as soon as 意为“ 一 就 ”；引导时Tom will call me as soon as he 间状语从句时,假如主句gets home. 用了将来时,从句一般使I will call you as soon as I 用现在时；arrive. 2.地点状语从句名师归纳总结 引导词用法示例第 3 页,共 16 页where 意为“ 哪里” ；“ where 引导Where there is a will, there is 的地点状语从句,（there+）a way. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载主句” “ 哪里 哪里就 ”；They were good persons. 主句在从句后面时,thereWhere they went, there they 可用可不用；主句在从句的were warmly welcomed. 前面时,一般都不用there. You should have put the book where you found it. wherever 意 为 “无 论 何 地 ” ；anywhere/wherever 引 导 地点 状 语 从 句 + 主 句 ；Wherever the sea is, you will anywhere本身是个副词, 但 find seaman. 是常可以引导从句,相当于I ll go anywhere you go. 连词,意思相当于 wherever, anywhere 引导的从句可位 于主句之前,也可以位于主 句之后；而 wherever本身就 是个连词,表示“ 在何处,无论何处” ；3.条件状语从句引导词用法示例talk loudly at the if 连词,意为“ 假如,假如” ；Don t 当主句是将来时的时候,meeting. If you do, you will 从句要用一般现在时；have to leave. Well go for a picnic if it doesn t rain this weekend. unless 连词,意为“ 除非（=if Don t discuss the problems not）；当主句是将来时的 时候,从句要用一般现在with your partner unless you are asked to do so. 时；I won t go there unless you come with me. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载4.缘由状语从句引导词用法示例as 意为“ 由于” ；引导缘由状As the weather is cold, I stay at 语从句时表示附带；说明home. “ 双方已知的缘由” ,语气As it is raining, you d better 比 since 弱,较为正式,take a taxi. 位置较为敏捷（常放于主As you are tired, you d better since 句之前）；rest. 意为“ 由于” ；引导的缘由Since the earth looks like a 状语从句一般放于主句之 前表示已知的、明显的理 由（通常被翻译成“ 既 然” ）,较为正式,语气比ball, the sun can shine on only half of it at a time. Since the race is in April, I had to run throughout the winter, because弱；and in Boston, winters are cold. Since everybody is here. Let's begin our meeting. because 意为“ 由于” ；引导的缘由The woman prefers winter 状语从句一般放于主句之because she can skate. 后,表述直接缘由,语气I d like to collect stamps 较强,最适合 why 引导的 疑问句； Because 引导的 缘由状语从句有时可以与because of短语互换；because they are interesting. I m very tired these days because of studying physics. He can t come because he is ill. = He can t come because of his illness. for 意为“ 由于” ；引导的缘由He must be ill, for he is absent 状语从句并不说明主句行today. 为发生的直接缘由,只提名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载供一些帮助性的补充说He could not have seen me, for 明,for 引导的缘由状语从 I was not there. 句只能放于主句之后,并且必需用逗号将其与主句隔开；5.目的状语从句引导词用法；目示例so that 意为“ 以至,以便”Try to speak loud enough so that 的 状 语 的 谓 语 常 含 有 may, might, can, could, should, would 等情态动people can hear you clearly. Mr. Green speaks very loudly so that all the people can hear him in order 词；clearly. 意为“ 为了” ,相当于so We shall let you know the that. in order to 后面可以that details soon in order that you 跟动词原形构成目的状can/may make a arrangements. 语,不是目的状语从句；6.结果状语从句引导词用法示例sothat 意为“ 如此 以至于 ” ；This year it has rained so so+ adj./adv.原级+that, so是 副词,只能修饰形容词和副 词；so 仍可与表示数量的形heavily in South China that lots of problems are caused. The ice on the lake was so 容 词 many, few, much, thin that people couldn t little 这四个形容词表示多 skate on it. 或少时 连用 ,形成固定搭 配； so+ many 或 few+复数 可数名词 +that; so+ much或Too often, we spend so much time thinking about the future that we fail to enjoy the 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载little+ 不行数名词 +that. present. There are so few notebooks that I can t give you any. such.that 意为“ 如此 以至于 ” ；Its such a wonderful song 有三种结构：that we all like it. such+aan+adj.+单 数 不 可Simon is such dishonest 数名词 +that; such+adj.+不person that no one believes 可数名词 +that; such + adj. him. +复数可数名词 +that, such 是形容词,修饰名词或名词 词组；有时可与 so that 句The boy is so young that he can t go to school.= He is such a young boy that he 型转换；can t go to school. 7.让步状语从句引导词用法示例though 意为“ 虽然”；不能和butSo it has lived up to now 连用；但是可以同yetstillthough it isn't strong at all. 连用,构成Though they are twin though yetstill. though 较brothers, they don t look like 普遍,常用于非正式的口语 each other. 和 书 面 语 中 ； even 能 和 though 组合表示强调,在这 里 even though=even ifno matter if; though 即 使 也 ；though 可以独立用作Even if/ Even though we could afford it, we would afford it, we wouldn t go abroad for our vacation. 副词,常放在句末, 意为 all the same仍 是 ； 仍 然 或 however可是；然而 ；名师归纳总结 although 意为“ 虽然”；不能和butAlthough he died several 第 7 页,共 16 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备yetstill欢迎下载ago, I can still 连用；但是可以同years 连用,构成remember the days we spent although yetstill. although together and what he has 较为正式,语气比thoughtaught me about love. 重,常用以强调让步概念；even不能和 although 组合；8. 比较状语从句Although we had little food with us, we decided to spend the night in the car. 引导词用法示例as as. 意为“ 和 一样” ；表示同She is very good at painting. 级的比较；使用时要留意She can paint as well as here 第一个 as为副词,其次个teacher. as as为连词；其基本结构为：I ran out as quickly as+adj./adv.原级 +as；如有possible. 修饰成分,如twice, three times, half, a quarter等,就须置于第一个 as之前；not as / 意为“ 和 不一样,不如” ；She is not so as outgoing as so as 也表示同级比较；her sister. This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think. 9.方式状语从句引导词用法示例as/justas.so意为“ 如同,就像”；引When in Rome, do as the 导的方式状语从句通常Romans do. 位 于 主 句 后 , 但 在As water is to fish, so air is 名师归纳总结 justas.so 结构中位于to man. 第 8 页,共 16 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载句首,这时 as 从句带有比如的含义,意为“ 正如 ,就像” ,多用于正式文体；as if/ as though 意为“ 就像,似乎”；两If would never forget here 者的意义和用法相同, 引 出的状语从句谓语多用smile, or the way her eyes shone as if we were the 虚拟语气,表示与事实相 same age. 反,有时也用陈述语气,表示所说情形是事实或It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 实现的可能性较大； 常译 作“ 似乎 似的,似乎似的” ；练习一 一. 单项填空 1. _ hes old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So 2. -Do you know if he _ to play basketball with us. -I think he will come if he _ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be 3. In the zoo if a child _ into the water and cant swim, the dolphins may come up _ him. A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping 4. I dont remember _ he worked in that city whe n he was young. A. what B. which C. where D. who 5. We will stay at home if my aunt _ to visit us tomorrow. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 6. The police asked the children _ cross the street _ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. don t; when C. not to; until D. not; after7. I was late for class yesterday _ there was something wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because 8. Ill go swimming with you if I _ free tomorro A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was 9. In the exam, the _ you are, _ the _ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less 10. You should finish your lessons _ you go out to play. A. before B. after C. when D. while 11. I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless 12. When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any questions. A. which B. that C. where D. though 13. The teacher raised his voice _ all the students could hear him. B. so that C. because D. in order A. for 14. He took off his coat _ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since 15. It is _ that wed like to go out for a walk.B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such A. a lovely day lovely a day 16. Mary had _ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very 17. _ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if 18. _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As 19. _ well you can drive, you must drive carefully. A. So long as B. In order that C. No matter how D. The moment 20. Write to me as soon as you _ to Beijing. A. will get B. get C. getting D. got 二. 依据中文意思完成以下英语句子 1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑,我都不愤怒；I am not angry with him, _ _ _ jokes he _ on me. 2. 布鲁斯太太对同学特别亲切,以至于同学把她当做母亲；Mrs Bruce was _ kind to her students _ they _ her _ their mother. 3. 只要我们竭尽全力,父母就会中意我们的表现；Our parents will be pleased with our performance _ _ _ we try our best. 4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai. 5. 这个七岁的女孩热爱钢琴,以至于他已经坚持练习两年了；The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano _ _ _ she has kept practicing for two years. 6. 虽然她很忙,他仍坚持自学英语；_ _ _ _, she kept on learning English by herself. 7. 他长大后相当一名记者；He wants to be a journalist _ _ _ _. 8. 无论刮风下雨,我们的老师总是第一个到校；_ _ windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载9. 假如人人为爱护环境做出奉献,世界将会变得更美好；_ _ _ _ _ to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful. 10. 李明昨天没来上学,由于他病了；Li Ming didnt come to school _ _ _ _.练习二 1. The meeting didn't start_ everyone was there. A. because B. until C. why D. if 2 .The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in. A. went not; until B. didn't go; after C. went; until D. didn't go; until 3. I won't believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes. A. before B. until C. after D. when 4 .He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday. A. didn't go; until; with B. wasn't go; after; to C. doesn't go; before; with D. didn't go; until; to 5 .He _ back until the work _ done. A. isn't; will be B. isn't; is C. won't be; will be D. won't be; is 6 .They didn't start the work _ their teacher came back. A. until B. while C. as soon as D. if 7. Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai. A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives in D. get to 8. I'm sure he'll come to see me before he _ Beijing. A. will leave B. is leaving C. leave D. leaves 9. I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back. A. come B. comes C. will come D. came 10. Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It _ by his father. A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is bought , C. was bought; has bought . D. has had; was bought "' 11. When he got to the station, the train _. A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 16 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载12. The boy told his father what he _ in the street. A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see 13.We _ TV when the telephone _. A. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang C. watch; rings D. are watching; rang 14.By the end of last term, I_ ten books. A. had finished reading B. have finish reading C. had finish to read D. finish read 15. I _ you for a long time. Where _ you _. A. didn't see; did; go B. didn't see; have; goneC. haven't seen; have; been D. haven't seen; have; gone 16. Tom_ China for 3 years. A. has been B. has been in C.