2022年小学英语语法知识点汇总.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 精品学问点学校英语语法学问点汇总 1. 人称代词 主格： I we you she he it they 宾格： me us you her him it them 形容词性物主代词： my our your her his its their 名词性物主代词： mine ours yours hers his its theirs 2. 形容词和副词的比较 +er 1 一般在形容词或副词后 older ,taller, longer, stronger 2 多音节词前 +more more interesting, etc. 3 双写最终一个字母,再 +er bigger fatter, etc. 4 把 y 变 i ,再+er heavier, earlier 5 不规章变化：well-better, much/many-more, etc. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 精品学问点3. 可数词的复数形式Most nouns + s abook books Nouns ending in aconsonant +y - y+ ies a storystories Nouns ending in s,sh, ch or x + es a glass glasses a watch-watches Nouns ending in o+s or +es a pianopianos a mango mangoes Nouns ending in for fe - f or fe +ves a knife knives a shelf-shelves 4. 不行数名词（单复数不变）bread, rice, water ,juice 等；5. 缩略形式I m= I a, you re = you are, she s= she is , he s = he is it s= it is , whos =who is , can t =can not , isn t=is not等；6.a/an a book, a peach an egg , an hour 7.Preposition名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 精品学问点on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at,behind. 表示时间： at six oclock, at Christmas, at breakfast on Monday, on 15th July, On National Day in the evening, in December , in winter 8. 基数词和序数词 one first, two-second ,twenty-twentieth 9.some/any I have some toys in my bedroom. Do you have any brothers or sisters. 10.be 动词 1 Basic form: am/are/is 2 确定和否定句 I amnot from London. My eyes arenot small. My hair isnot long. 3 一般疑问句： Am I a Chniese. Yes, you are. No, you arent. 名师归纳总结 Are they American. Yes, they are. No,they arent. 第 3 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备精品学问点t. Is the cat fat. Yes,it is. No, it isn11.there be 结构 确定句： There is a Thereare 一般疑问句 : Is there . Yes, there is./ No, there isnt. Arethere . Yes, there are. /No, there arent. 否定句： There isnt . Therearen t . 12. 祈使句 Sit down please Dontsit down, please. 13. 现在进行时 通常用“now” .形式： be + verb +ing eg: I amnot doing my homework. You/We/They arenot reading. He/She/It isnot eating. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 精品学问点动词 ing 的形式Most verbs +ing walkwalking Verbs ending in e -e + ing comecoming Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run running swimswimming 14. 一般现在时通常用 “ usually, often, every day,sometimes” ；确定句：I go to school on foot every day. She goes to school on foot every day. 一般疑问句 : Do you jump high. Yes, I do. / No, I dont. t. Does he jump high. Yes, he does. / No, he doesn否定句： We dont go to school on Sundays. My mother doesn t like watching TV in the evening. 15. 情态动词名师归纳总结 can,must, should后面直接用动词原形；第 5 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 精品学问点eg: 1. I / He / She / They can sing. 2You should keep quiet in the library. 16. 一般过去时态（a） be 动词的过去式 :I/He/she/it wasnot . You/we/they were . 一般疑问句 was, were 放在句首；（b） 动词过去式：确定句： I watched cartoons. She visited the zoo. 一般疑问句： Did you read book last night. Yes, I did. No, I didn t. Did she clean the desk just now. Yes, she did. No, shedidn t. 否定句： They didn t go the the part yesterday. He didn t make model ships last week. 3 动词过去式的变化：规章动词的变化：名师归纳总结 Most verbs +ed eg. planted,watered,climbed；第 6 页,共 11 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Verbs ending in e+d eg liked学习必备；精品学问点Verbs ending in aconsonant +y -y +ied eg : studystudied Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant eg:stop -stopped 不规章动词的变化：is/am was,are were,do did,have/has had,make made,fly-flew, eat ate,take took,run ran,sing sang,drink drank 等等 17.Wh-"questions" What are you doing. What colour is it. What time is it./ Whats the time. Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one. Whosthe man with a big nose. Whose bag is it. When is your birthday. Where is my ball pen. Why do you like summer. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 精品学问点How many books are there in the school bag. How old is the young man. How much is the toy bear. How do you go to school every day. 1、一般现在时A、表示不受时限的客观存在如：He is a boy. She is a student. My mother is anurse. This is a dog. I have a book. B、表示现在的习惯动作,即指现在常常发生的动作,一般现在常常用来表示现在时间里某种动作的常常性和习惯性；频度的词连用,它常与表示程度或如：often （常常） , usually （通常,一般） , sometimes（有时） , always （总是,始终） , never（从不）如：I often go to school on foot. My father works in a school. Mike watches TV every day. I usually playcomputer games on the weekend. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 精品学问点C、表示现时的状态和现在瞬时动作. 如：How are you. You look happy. Whats the matterwith you. I have a headache. What do you have for lunch. I have some chicken. 留意英语动词的现在时与原形同形；但当主语是第三人称单数时,须在词尾加 s 或 -es ；例如： I have a fish for dinner. Her mother works in a hospital. Amy often goes to school by bike. Mr. Liu teaches us English. 加-es 的动词必需是以“sh , ch , o ”等字母结尾的；如： watches , teaches ,goes , washes 2、一般将来时表示在将来会发生的事或动作；它常与表示将来的时间连用,如：tomorrow , next week , next year ,this this evening 等morning , this afternoon , 留意一般将来时学校阶段主要学了两种结构：be going to + 动词的原形 / 地点will + 动词的原形 例句： I m going to go shopping thisafternoon. She is going to Hong Kong next week. You will see many birds in the sky. 3、现在进行时 表示说话时正在进行的动作或现阶段始终在进行的动作；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 精品学问点留意它的构成是： be 的现在时形式（ am , is , are）加动词的ing 形式；如：What are you doing. I m writing a letter. What arethey doing. Theyre swimming.Is he playing chess. Yes, he is.Look, Amy is reading an English book. 留意 动词的 ing 形式的构成规章： 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如 doing , going , working , singing , eating 以 e 结尾的动词,要先去e 再加 ing ,如 having , writing 双写最终一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：sitting , getting 、一般过去时running , swimming, 主要用来表示在特定过去时间中一次完成的动作或一度存在的状态,也可表示过去的习惯动作； 它与现在时间不发生关系, 它表示的动作或状态都已成为过去, 现已不复存在；它常常与表示过去的时间连用；如：I went to a park yesterday. I read a book last night. I watched TVyesterday evening.I went on a big trip last weekend. I failed my Chinese test. 留意一般过去时主要表达在动词的形式要用过去式,动词的过去式的构成规章有：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 、规章动词学习必备精品学问点ed ；如worked , 一般直接在动词的后面加learned , cleaned , visited以 e 结尾的动词直接加d ；如lived, danced , used 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词要改 y 为 i 再加 ed （此类动词较少）如 study studied carry carried worry worried （play 、stay 除外） 双写最终一个字母（此类动词较少）如 stopped 、不规章动词（此类词并无规章,须熟记）学校阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , 名师归纳总结 go went , take took , get got , read read , am/is 第 11 页,共 11 页 was , are were , say said , tell told , come came , drink drank - - - - - - -