2019-2020同步外研英语选修六新突破讲义：Module 5 Section Ⅱ　Learning about Language .doc

Section Learning about Language.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1Angles have a pair of beautiful wings(翅膀) in our imagination.2. Traveling on those bad mountain roads is a nightmare(噩梦)3. A team from the UK was the first to clone(克隆) an animal.4I refused his invitation yesterday because I didnt feel very well.5When Jason saw the monster, his eyes were full of fear and he didnt dare to move.6The children rushed out of the classroom as soon as the bell rang. 拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1. terrify v. 使惊恐，使受惊吓terrified adj. 感到害怕的terrifying adj. 可怕的2wrinkle v. (使脸上)起皱纹n. 皱纹wrinkled adj. (皮肤等)布满皱纹的，具有皱褶的3disgust v. 使觉得恶心；使厌烦disgusted adj. 厌恶的；反感的disgusting adj. 令人不快的4. murder v. 谋杀murderer n. 凶手5breath n. 呼吸breathe v. 呼吸breathless adj. 呼吸困难的寻规律、巧记忆形容词后缀ed否定后缀lesswrinkled(皮肤等)布满皱纹的，具有皱褶的retired 退休的married 已婚的breathless adj.呼吸困难的fearless adj.无畏的；大胆的homeless adj.无家可归的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1for the first time第一次2burn out (火)燃尽，烧完自灭3contrast with 与形成对照4up and down 上上下下，来来回回5throw oneself on.扑倒在上6shake with fear 恐惧得发抖7make a sound 发出声音8again and again 一再，屡次.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1The children gazed in wonder when they saw the sea for the first time2I threw myself on the bed and fell asleep immediately I got home.3The first time I met Roy, he only looked at me up and down curiously.4She wanted to cry out, but she couldnt make a sound5The fire had burnt out before the firefighters arrived.寻规律、巧记忆v.out动词短语adv.andadv.副词短语burn out (火)燃尽，烧完自灭figure out理解，弄明白leave out 省去；遗漏up and down 上上下下，来来回回back and forth 反复来回now and then不时，偶尔背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.The novel immediately became very popular and it is generally agreed that it is one of the best science fiction stories ever written.这部小说立即受到读者欢迎，并被一致认为是写得最好的科幻小说之一。It is 过去分词that .。人们普遍认为吸烟有害健康。It is generally agreed that smoking is bad for health. 2.While studying at university, he discovers the secret of how to create life.还在上大学时，他就发现了怎样创造生命的秘密。状语从句的省略。他已养成阅读时记笔记的习惯。He has developed the habit of making notes while reading. 3.It was on a cold November night that I saw my creation for the first time.我是在11月一个寒冷的晚上首次看到我的作品的。强调句型。他昨天半夜才回到家。It was at midnight that he got back home yesterday. terrify v使惊恐，使受惊吓(教材P57)He terrifies everyone who sees him.他使每一个见到他的人感到惊恐。(1)terrify sb.into doing sth.威胁某人做某事terrify sb.to death 把某人吓死(2)terrified adj. 恐惧的，受惊吓的be terrified at/with/by 被吓了一跳be terrified of 对感到惊恐(3)terrifying adj. 可怕的terror n. 恐惧，害怕terrorist n. 恐怖分子The robber terrified the bank clerk into opening the safe.抢劫犯恐吓银行职员打开保险柜。Terrified at the terrifying scene, the children ran as fast as they could.(terrify)被这恐怖的场景吓坏了，孩子们飞快地跑开了。He was terrified of dogs and stood there trembling with terror(terrify)他怕狗，站在那里恐惧得发抖。语境助记From the boys terrified look, we can see the terrifying noise made by the terrorists terrified him.从小男孩害怕的表情来看，我们可以看出恐怖分子可怕的嘈杂声使他受到了惊吓。 refuse v拒绝(教材P58)When Frankenstein refuses to create a wife for him, the monster murders Frankensteins brother, his best friend Clerval, and finally, Frankensteins new wife Elizabeth.当弗兰肯斯坦拒绝为他制造一个妻子后，这个怪物杀死了弗兰肯斯坦的兄弟和他最好的朋友克莱瓦尔，最后，还杀死了弗兰肯斯坦的新婚妻子伊丽莎白。(1)refuse sb.sth.拒绝某人某物refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事(2)refusal n. 拒绝We cant refuse him such a reasonable request.对他如此合理的要求，我们是无法拒绝的。Bill refused to take(take) responsibility for the accident.比尔拒绝承担那次事故的责任His refusal(refuse) to come to our English evening party was very disappointing.他拒绝参加我们的英语晚会，令人非常失望。名师点津refuse常接不定式或双宾语；不接动词ing形式、不定式的复合宾语或宾语从句。 burn out (火)燃尽，烧完自灭；耗尽体力，累垮 (教材P59)My candle was almost burnt out when, by its tiny light, I saw the yellow eye of the creature open.我的蜡烛即将燃尽，就在这时，借着微弱的烛光，我看见这个怪物睁开了黄色的眼睛。burn oneself out精疲力竭，累垮burn up 烧尽burn down 烧毁burn .to the ground 把烧成平地Its a highpressure job and you could burn out young.这是份压力很大的工作，你年纪轻轻就会身心疲惫。The spaceship burned (burn) up as it entered the earths atmosphere.宇宙飞船进入地球大气层时被烧毁。Several houses have been burned to the ground when the blaze is put out.大火扑灭时，好几间房子已全部烧成平地。 breathe v呼吸 (教材P59)It breathed hard, and moved its arms and legs.它呼吸困难，挪动着四肢。(1)breathe in吸气breathe out 呼气(2)breath n. 呼吸out of breath 气喘吁吁；上气不接下气take a deep breath 深吸一口气hold ones breath 屏住呼吸The doctor told me to breathe in and then breathe out slowly.医生叫我吸气然后再慢慢地呼出。Take a deep breath, and youll feel a bit relaxed.深深吸口气，你就会觉得轻松些了。We all held our breath(breathe) when the teacher announced the results of the election.当老师宣布选举结果时，我们都屏住了呼吸。 rush v冲，猛冲；仓促行事n冲；急忙；仓促；高峰期(教材P59)I rushed out, and for a long time I walked up and down my bedroom.我冲了出去，接下来的很长时间就在自己的卧室来回踱步。(1)rush in/out冲进/出rush to do sth. 急着做某事rush sb.to 紧急送某人到(某地)rush (sb.)into (doing) sth. (使某人)匆忙做某事(2)in a rush 急忙，匆忙rush hour 在(上下班的)交通高峰期Dont rush me into making a decision.I need time to think it over.不要催我做出决定。我需要时间仔细考虑一下。Delighted at the decision, the peasants rushed to volunteer(volunteer) for the work.对这决定很高兴，农民们急着跑去自愿参加这项工作。Never forget to find out the direction when you are in a rush.匆忙赶路的时候，别忘了看看方向。 throw oneself on .扑倒在上(教材P59)At last I threw myself on the bed in my clothes, trying to find a few moments of sleep.最后我和衣倒在床上，试图睡一会儿。throw away扔掉；错过throw off 摆脱；甩掉throw oneself into 投身于，热衷于Dont throw away those magazines, because I havent read them yet.别扔掉那些杂志，因为我还没读。If you throw yourself(you) into the job, youll finish it by this evening.如果你全身心地投入到这项工作中，你会在今晚完成它的。 fear n& v害怕，恐惧(教材P59)I woke, shaking with fear.我醒了，浑身因恐惧而战栗着。(1)for fear of (doing) sth./for fear (that) .唯恐with fear (由于)害怕(2)fear to do/doing sth. 害怕做某事He told us to keep quiet for fear that we might disturb others.他让我们保持安静，以免打扰别人。He woke up from a nightmare, trembling with fear.他从噩梦中惊醒，因恐惧而发抖。She feared to hear/hearing(hear) the story about the ghosts and the monsters when she was a child.小时候，她害怕听那些妖魔鬼怪的故事。(教材P57)The novel immediately became very popular and it is generally agreed that it is one of the best science fiction stories ever written.这部小说立即受到读者欢迎，并被一致认为是写得最好的科幻小说之一。【要点提炼】本句中it is generally agreed that .属于“It is 过去分词that .”句式。(1)it 作形式主语，that 从句为真正的主语，常用的过去分词有said, reported，believed, expected, decided，wellknown等。(2)该句型有时可以转换为“sb./sth.be动词过去分词to do”结构。且其中的不定式根据具体语境，可采用to do/to be doing/to have done等形式。It is believed that reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.人们相信阅读会增加我们的知识，开阔我们的视野。It is reported that about 10 people have lost their lives in the traffic accident.About 10 people are reported to have lost(lose) their lives in the traffic accident.据报道，大约10人在这次交通事故中丧生。名师点津若过去分词为表示“建议”“命令”“愿望”(如suggested, ordered, requested等)的词时，从句需用虚拟语气。谓语动词形式：should动词原形，should可以省略。It is suggested that we (should) discuss(discuss) the problem.有人建议我们应该讨论一下这个问题。1(教材P58)Feeling very anxious, I prepared the equipment that would give life to the thing that lay at my feet.【分析】本句是一个复合句，第一个that引导定语从句，修饰先行词equipment，其中又包含一个that(第二个)引导的定语从句，修饰先行词thing，Feeling very anxious为动词ing形式作伴随状语。【翻译】它躺在我的脚边，我紧张不安地准备着赋予它生命所需的设备。2(教材P59)She looked well and happy but as I kissed her lips, they became pale, as if she were dead.【分析】本句是并列复合句，but前的分句为系表结构，but后的分句中，they became pale是主句，as引导时间状语从句，as if引导方式状语从句。【翻译】她看上去健康且快乐，但是，当我亲吻她的双唇时，她双唇失色，犹如死人。. 单句语法填空1Each morning they walk about the wood, breathing(breath) the fresh air.2Trembling with fear, he threw himself(he) on the bed and covered his head with the quilt. 3He left the room quiet trying not to make a sound.4She refused to accept(accept) the fact that there was a financial problem.5If he doesnt stop working so hard, he will burn himself out6Fearing(fear) to face her cruel step mother, the girl wandered on the street.7He contrasted his sufferings in the old society with his happiness in the new one.8The murderer(murder) who was arrested yesterday was addicted seriously to drugs.9I thought over the incident, asking myself again and again how it could have happened.10His behavior disgusted(disgust) everybody. As a result, we all dont want to work with him.单句改错1There was a terrified noise and the house was pulled down.terrifiedterrifying2Doctors and medical supplies rushed to the scene of the accident.rushed前加were3Its suggested that people with heart illness must give up smoking.mustshould或去掉must4It was at midnight when I heard a terrible scream.whenthat或去掉at5While lived in England, he picked up some English.livedliving或lived前加he.完成句子1他早早就出发了，唯恐面试迟到。He set off very early for fear that he might be late for the interview(may)2如果你没有足够的睡眠，迟早会把自己累垮的。If you dont have enough sleep, you will burn yourself out sooner or later.(burn)3大家一致认为养成早睡的好习惯非常重要。It is generally agreed that it is important to have a good habit of going to bed early.(agree)4在一家工厂工作的时候，我开始认识他，一个奇怪但能干的工人。I began to know him, a strange but able worker while working in a factory(work)5重要的是工作能力，而不是你来自哪里或你是谁。Its the ability to do the job that matters, not where you come from or who you are.(do)