2018年度福建中考英语A卷解析.doc

-#2018福建省中考英语试卷(A卷)II.单项选择(2018福建A卷) 21. I will give a T-shirt _ my brother as a birthday present. A. by B. to C. from21. B 考查介词的用法。句意：我会给我哥哥一件T恤作为他的生日礼物。giveto sb.意为“给某人”，是固定搭配。故选B。(2018福建A卷) 22. Do you enjoy Chinese Folk Songs?Yes, the folk songs _ nice.A. sound B. smell C. look22. A 考查感官动词辨析。句意：你喜欢中国民歌吗？是的，民歌听起来不错。欣赏歌曲需要用耳朵听，sound 听起来，smell闻起来，look看起来。故选A。(2018福建A卷) 23. Must I hand in the survey on the use of bicycle-sharing right now?No, you _.A. neednt B. cant C. shouldnt23. A 考查情态动词的用法。句意：我必须要现在交共享单车调查吗？不，不必。以must提问的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must（必须），否定回答用neednt或dont/doesnt have to（不必）。由答语No可知该题为否定回答。故选A。(2018福建A卷) 24. Tony is the best student in the class because he works _ than the others. A. hard B. harder C. hardest24. B 考查副词的比较级用法。句意：托尼是班上（成绩）最好的学生，因为他比班上其他学生学习更努力。副词hard的比较级为harder。故选B。(2018福建A卷) 25. I tried many ways to solve the problem, but _ of them worked. Never give up. Youll surely make it. A. all B. none C. neither25. B考查代词用法辨析。句意：我试了很多方法来解决这个问题，但是没一个有用。永远不要放弃。你一定可以做到。根据连词but可知，空白处表示否定意义，none表示对三者及以上的否定，neither表示对两者否定，由many可知此处表示对多种方法的否定。故选B。 (2018福建A卷) 26. _ does Liu Chuanjian do?Hes a pilot of Sichuan Airlines. Hes a hero!A. What B. Where C. When26. A考查疑问词辨析。句意：刘传建是做什么的？他是四川航空的一名飞行员。他是一名英雄！询问职业的问句有：1. What be + sb.? 2. What do/does sb. do? 3. What is sb.s job? 故选A。 (2018福建A卷) 27. Blue whales are _. We should try to protect them. A. in time B. in public C. in danger27. C 考查固定短语辨析。句意：蓝鲸处境危险，我们应该尽力保护它们。in time及时，in public当众，在公共场所，in danger处于危险中。故选C。(2018福建A卷) 28. How _! There are no workers in the bank.Its the first self-service bank in China.A. strange B. scary C. boring28. A 考查形容词辨析。句意：真奇怪！这家银行里没有工作人员。这是中国第一家自助银行。strange奇怪的，scary可怕的，恐怖的，boring无聊的。根据句意，可知空白处意为“奇怪的”。故选A。 (2018福建A卷) 29. You can surf the Internet _ you want to know about the 2020 World Middle School Games.A. until B. after C. if29. C考查连词辨析。句意：如果你想了解2020世界中学运动会的话，你可以上网搜索。根据句意可知空格处应填if来引导条件状语从句。故选C。 (2018福建A卷) 30. China _ great achievements in science and technology since 1978. A. makes B. made C. has made30. C考查动词时态。句意：自从1978年以来中国在科学技术方面取得了很大的成就。由句意及时间状语since 1978，可知句子时态为现在完成时态。现在完成时的结构为：have/has done。故选C。(2018福建A卷) 31. I dont know how to use the APP Fun Dubbing. Ask Jimmy for help. He has lots of _ in doing it.A. experience B. trouble C. courage31. A 考查名词辨析。句意：我不知道怎么用“趣配音”这个应用程序。找吉米帮忙。他做这个有经验。experience经验，trouble困难，courage勇气。由句意可知，吉米对于这个应用程序很有经验，所以才建议找他帮忙。故选A。 (2018福建A卷) 32. Paper-making _ by the Chinese in the Western Han dynasty(朝代). A. is invented B. invented C. was invented32. C 考查被动语态。句意：中国在西汉时发明了造纸术。造纸术是在过去被发明的，因此应用一般过去时态的被动语态，结构为：was/were+done，。故选C。(2018福建A卷) 33. Grandma wants to watch the program Legal Report. Please _ the TV. A. turn off B. turn on C. turn down33. B 考查固定短语辨析。句意：奶奶想看今日说法这个节目，请打开电视。turn off关闭，turn on打开，turn down调低。由句意可知，奶奶想看电视，因此需要打开电视。故选B。(2018福建A卷) 34. Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist _ is leading a research to develop “sea rice”. A. who B. which C. whom34. A 考查关系代词辨析。句意：袁隆平是一位中国水稻科学家，他正在主导一项开发“海水稻”的研究。这是一个定语从句，空格处缺少指代“a Chinese rice scientist”的关系词，因此应用who。故选A。(2018福建A卷) 35. Karl Marx is a great thinker. Do you know_?In 1818.A. where he was from B. when he was born C. how he learned foreign languages35. B 考查宾语从句。句意：卡尔马克思是一名伟大的思想家。你知道他出生于什么时候吗？1818年。由答语“In 1818”可知，上文应是询问的是卡尔马克思出生的时间，故选B。. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）从每小题所给A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。(2018福建A卷)Ewan Drum has always liked superheroes. He admires how they help people. At the age of seven, he told his parents, “I want to 36._ like a superhero and help the homeless.” A few months later, Ewans family planned a day of 37._. Wearing his red superhero costume, Ewan 38._ helped pass out 70 bag lunches to hungry people in a park in Detroit, Michigan. Thats 39._ Super Ewan was born. World spread about Ewans good deeds(事迹). People donated(捐赠) money and something else, and Ewan handed them out to those in need. When 40._ donated bottles of water, Ewan and his family held a drive to get even more. They 41._ the water to Flint, Michigan, a city that had unsafe drinking water. Another time, a business donated six turkeys for Thanksgiving. 42._ his parents help, Ewan used social media(媒体) to ask for more turkeys, plus side dishes. “In the end,” he says, “we handed out 64 turkey dinners to 43._ all around Detroit.”Ewan has a motto: Everyone can be a superhero to someone. At an event called the Hero Round Table, Ewan told the listeners, “Its not 44._ to help people. You can keep some socks and snacks in your car to help people in need. Every 45._ thing helps and can make someone feel happy.”36. A. get up B. dress up C. look up37. A. giving B. playing C. showing38. A. safely B. seriously C. happily 39. A. what B. why C. how40. A. someone B. everyone C. no one41. A. sold B. took C. lent42. A. From B. With C. In43. A. heroes B. listeners C. families44. A. difficult B. possible C. necessary45. A. private B. little C. interesting体裁记叙文话题人物故事词数218【短文大意】本文是记叙文。伊万德拉姆从小就很喜欢超级英雄，因为钦佩他们总是帮助别人。从七岁开始，他就尽自己所能帮助别人，同时，受他影响，越来越多的人投入到这样的捐赠活动当中。伊万的座右铭是：每个人都可以是别人的超级英雄。36. B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想打扮成超级英雄，帮助那些无家可归的人。get up起床，dress up打扮，look up查阅。故选B。37. A 考动词辨析。句意： 几个月后，伊万的家人计划了“一天赠予”活动。根据上文可知伊万一直想帮助别人，用giving符合语境。故选A。38. C 考查副词辨析。句意：伊万在密歇根州底特律的一个公园里，愉快地为饥饿的人们分发了70份袋装午餐。伊万一直想要帮助别人，因此给他人分发午餐，他肯定觉得很高兴。故选C。39. C 考查连词辨析。句意：这就是超级伊万是怎么产生的。这段讲述的是超级伊万产生的由来。表示询问事物的缘由应用how。故选C。40. A 考查不定代词辨析。句意：当有人捐出几瓶水时，伊万和他的家人就举办了一次驾车活动来获得更多的水。根据句意，可知空格处应用someone表示“某人”。故选A。41. B 考查动词辨析。句意：他们把水送到密歇根州的弗林特，一个饮用水不安全的城市。根据句意可知A项（卖）和C项（借）都不符合语境。故选B。 42. B 考查介词辨析。句意：在父母的帮助下，伊万利用社交媒体请求更多的火鸡和配菜。with ones help为固定搭配，意为“在某人的帮助下”。故选B。43. C 考查名词辨析。句意：我们给底特律附近的家庭分发了64份火鸡大餐。根据句意，可知空白处应用families来表示“家庭”。故选C。44. A 考查形容词辨析。由下上下文语境，可知此处作者想表达的是帮助别人很简单。句意：帮助别人并不难。故选A。45. B 考查形容词辨析。句意：每一件小事都有帮助且能使人感到快乐。private私人的，little小的，interesting有趣的。根据句意B项符合语境。故选B。.阅读理解（共两节，25小题；满分45分）第一节 阅读下面A、B、C、D四篇短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）(2018福建A卷)AMy interest in cooking started when I was 11, partly thanks to my mother. She didnt really like cooking and when she did cook, I didnt like her food. Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this, so I went to the bookstore and looked for the biggest cookbook I could find. During a year, I had produced most of its recipes(食谱) and was ready for a big challenge(挑战). I wanted to create my own dishes and I started cooking for more people than just my family. To my joy, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen. I did much cooking to test my dishes in it and my skill improved quickly. Later, my mom and I set up a dinner club that organized monthly events inside my home. Now as a teen chef(主厨), I have also cooked in top-class restaurants around the country. I am not doing it for the money, but because I love cooking. Now I know that when you stop caring whether youll be famous or do well, you dream will come to you.46. The writer is now _.A. a TV star B. a news reporterC. a well-known bookseller D. a good chef47. What made the writer begin to cook?A. His parents wish B. The customs adviceC. His mothers delicious food D. The information about cooking on TV.48. After producing most of the recipes in the cookbook, the writer wanted to _.A. taking cooking lessons B. write his cookbookC. make new dishes of his own D. open a restaurant49. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to (指代) “_”.A. the bookstore B. a test kitchen C. a dinner club D. the country50. What is important for the writer?A. Finding a good job. B. Making lots of money.C. Doing what he loves. D. Because famous.题材记叙文话题兴趣爱好词数197【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己的兴趣爱好烹饪以及这个兴趣爱好的由来。46. D细节理解题。由Now as a teen chef(主厨), I have also cooked in top-class restaurants around the country可知，作者现在是一名主厨。故选D。47. D细节理解题。由Once I was watching something about cooking on TV and I thought I could do this可知，作者是在电视上看到一些与烹饪相关的东西才萌生了自己做饭的想法。故选D。48. C细节理解题。由I wanted to create my own dishes可知，作者在做完菜谱上所有的食物之后，他想创造自己的菜肴。故选C。49. B 指代理解题。由上文“To my joy, my parents allowed me to build a test kitchen.”可知，本句中it代指上文中的a test kitchen。50. C细节理解题。由I am not doing it for the money, but because I love cooking可知，作者做厨师不是为了钱，而是因为喜欢。故选C。(2018福建A卷)BJackie is writing a summary(总结) and feedback about School Day to his teacher.Summary School Day was held successfully on May 6th. Twenty-four student helpers from Grade 8 were divided into four groups of six. Each group had a task to raise money for the disabled. All of the groups performed well on School Day and received praise from the visitors. In short, our School Day went well and we got no poor opinions from the visitors.Feedback: Opinions from 100 students have been collected. Most students thought the activities were good. However, some students thought the prices of the school postcards were a little high.Follow-up: Have a meeting with the headmaster about prizes for excellent student helpers. 51. The text is written to _.A. give a report B. have a School DayC. collect opinions from visitors D. hold a meeting with teachers52. What were sold in Tinas group?A. School postcards. B. Chinese paintings.C. Recycling bags. D. Homemade snacks.53. How did the visitors feel about the activities?A. Disappointed. B. Satisfied. C. Worried. D. Surprised.54. How many students like the recycling bags according to the feedback?A.50. B. 25. C. 15. D. 10.55. Which of the following is TRUE about the activities? A. Nick was the leader of Group 1.B. Twenty- four students offered their feedback. C. The postcards were cheap. D. Students helpers who did well can get prizes.题材应用文话题活动总结与反馈词数163【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文，杰克为学校日活动写了一份总结并收集了100名学生的反馈意见，还安排了活动后续事项。51. A细节理解题。由开头句Jackie is writing a summary and feedback about School Day to his teacher可知，本文是一份活动总结与反馈。故选A。52. B细节理解题。由图表可知，Tina 在第二组，主要出售中国画，故选B。53. B细节理解题。由All of the groups performed well on School Day and received praise from the visitors中 . received praise from the visitors可知，来访者对活动是很满意的，故选B。 54. A推理判断题。由Opinions from 100 students have been collected可知共有100名学生接受了调查，从反馈表中可知，可回收塑料袋的满意度为50%，所以有50名学生喜欢可回收塑料袋。故选A。55. D细节理解题。由图表可知Nick是第四组的领导，A项错误；由Opinions from 100 students have been collected可知100名学生提交了反馈，B项错误；由some students thoughts the prices of the school postcards were a little high可知部分学生认为明信片的价格有点高，C项错误；由文章最后一句可知要和校长讨论优秀学生的奖励事项，D项正确。故选D。(2018福建A卷)CBirth order does it matter? Are you different because you are the first, second, or third child in your family or maybe the last of nine?A study found that first-borns have an average(平均) IQ that is three points higher than people who fall into a different place in the birth order, perhaps because first-borns often help younger brothers and sisters, which improves their own skills. In 2007, an international organization of CEOs found that 43% of CEOs are first-borns, 33% are middle children, and 23% are last-borns. First-borns are more likely(可能的) to be doctors and astronauts and get higher pay.If first-borns are more successful, last-borns are generally more agreeable. They are also more likely to be funny, possibly to get attention from all the biggest people at the dinner table. Mark Twain and Stephen Colbert were both youngest in large families, and Jim Carrey was the youngest of four. According to a 2007 Time magazine article, “The POWER of Birth Order,” last-borns are more likely to be artists and successful businessmen. Then there are the middle children; we have not ignored(忽视) them! Many children are short of one-on-one time with their parents. They often feel short-changed: the oldest gets more rights, and the youngest is “spoiled(宠坏的).” Though they may be ignored, middle children more likely to grow into easygoing adults. Many factors(因素) make us who we are, but if the research is correct, birth order may be one of the most important factors.56. Who is most likely to be a CEO?A. A first-born. B. A second-born. C. A third-born. D. A last-born.57. What can we learn about Jim Carrey?A. He was likely to be given low pay. B. He was likely to be agreeable.C. He was a first-born. D. He was a middle child.58. What does the underlined word “short-changed” in Paragraph 4 probably mean in Chinese?A. 受亏待的 B. 受控制的 C. 受宠爱的 D. 受欢迎的59. We can learn from the research that birth order _.A. has no influence on IQ B. matters a lot at the dinner table.C. may decide who we are D. is a factor in making us powerful60. What would be the best title for the text?A. Where Is Your Place in the family? B. Who Improves Your Social Skills?C. What Makes You Successful in life? D. How Can You Grow into a Big Man?题材说明文话题出生顺序对人的影响词数262【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。调查表明，人的出生顺序不一样，能力、性格、职业都会受到其出生顺序的影响。出生顺序可能是影响人成功与否的一个重要的因素之一。56. A 细节理解题。由In 2007, an international organization of CEOs found that 43% of CEOs are first-borns可知，第一个出生的人成为CEO的比例是最大的。故选A。57. B 推理判断题。由第三段和If first-borns are more successful, last-borns are generally more agreeable可知，Jim Carrey是家里最小的一个。故选B。58. A 词义猜测题。由the oldest gets more rights, and the youngest is “spoiled” 以及Though they may be ignored.可知，中间出生的孩子容易被忽视。与其意思接近的选项为“受亏待的”。故选A。59. C 细节理解题。由最后一段Many factors make us who we are, but if the research is correct, birth order may be one of the most important factors可知，出生顺序可能会决定一个人的命运。故选C。60. A 标题归纳题。本文主要说明出生顺序(即在家庭的位置)可能是影响人的一生的重要因素之一。故选A。 (2018福建A卷)D Many Chinese people will wonder what presents to get for their moms on Mothers Day, but not many know Mothers Day is actually a festival from overseas.Mothers Day originated(起源) in America during the early 20th century. The festival spread to China as early as the 1980s and was widely accepted.Why did a foreign festival become popular in China? In fact, Chinese traditional culture has always encouraged filial(孝顺的)devotion to parents. There are many stories which show filial respect in ancient China. For exa