高考前必背的英语考点(新课标).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高考前必背的英语考点（新课标）省级示范高中四川省射洪县柳树中学 吴小波 一、每年高考必出的冠词考点：1. a + n(可数名词单数) = the + n(可数名词单数) = n(pl).表总称。2. a / an + adj （无论级别）+ n (单数)。但一下抽象名词：weather, progress, damage, harm, courage, fun, advice, information, place，word(指news)和液体类等即使被形容词修饰，也不加冠词a/an.eg: he has made great progress recent years.二、其后只能跟动名词作宾语的有：专心-专注-专业建议 避免 冒险厌恶 推迟 完成考虑 保持 忍受介意 错过 训练承认 逃脱 抵抗想象 宽恕 欣赏三、多个形容词修饰名词的顺序：县（指示代词或数词）官（描述性形容词）行（大小）令（年龄新旧）谢（色）国（国籍）材（材料）。eg: Ten strong young Chinese students.四、改错题常考的知识规律。名词爱考数与格；冠词在前错多少。动词时态和语态；非谓关系要分清。连代形副错一样；多是故意来混淆。介词多半考搭配；多漏误用想周到。句法涉及到一致；从句多考关系词。五、“in + n + of”, 名词前往往不加冠词，改错题易误改of。 in search of寻找 in memory of为了纪念 in favor of 赞成，支持 in honor of 纪念 in praise of 赞扬；歌颂 in case of 万一；以防 in fear of 担心 in advance of 在前面 in face of 面对sb be in charge of sth担任；负责sth be in the charge of sb in danger of 有的危险 in need of 需要 in support of支持 in terms of 就而言 in spite of虽然；尽管六、含有介词to的短语，其后加v-ing& n作介宾。be addicted to 沉溺于 get down to 开始 动手see to 负责 注意reply to 回答in addiction to 还有lead to 导致respond to 回答 回应stick to 坚持attend to 专心 照料look forward to 期望look up to 尊敬admit to 承认belong to 属于（无被动）when it comes to 谈到什么时thanks to 多亏 由于be similar to 与什么相似be equal to 胜任 相等due to 由于access to 什么的路径/机会turn to 转向 求助approach to 什么的方法put an end to 结束the entrance to 什么的入口attitude to 什么的态七、常考的动词短语break out 爆发bring out 出版；使显露call out 呼唤；大声叫唤give out 用完（无被动）；发出send out 发送；放出sth run out 用完某物come out 出版find out 找出；查明get out 离开；出去put out 扑灭；出版hand out 分发；交出turn out 结果是sb run out of sth 某人用完某物carry out 实施turn in 上交；归还give in(to sb) 屈服；让步hand in 上交；呈送put in 提出；放入take away 带走die away 消失；减弱carry away 使失去自控力give away 泄露；赠送act on 遵守call on 拜访concentrate on 集中于decide on 决定come up with 提出；赶上turn up 出现；开打bring in 引进；生产get in 进入take in 吸收；欺骗put away 放好；储存get away from 从离开；逃脱break away from 放弃；脱离keep away 防范；不靠近give way to sb 给某人让路based on 在什么基础上comment on 评论count on 依赖depend on 依靠use up 用完vtpick up 捡起；接送；学会take up 占据；开始从事give up 放弃；交出lift up 举起make up 弥补；编造；和好set up 建立；装配eat up 吃光put up with 容忍do sth up 整理；hold up 举起；阻挡keep up 保持；继续put up 建造；提供住宿stay up 熬夜keep up with 赶上；和 保持联系end up with 结束八、常考的介词短语，一般作表语或状语in all 总之in a word 总而言之in addition 还有in a hurry 匆匆地in a sense 在某种意义上in advance 提前in cash 用现金in mind 记住at a loss 困惑不解at a time 一次at church 在礼拜at night 在夜里on average 平均on arrival 一到达by air 乘飞机by error 错误地by force 强迫地by hand 手工地by nature 天生地；生来in charge 负责地in danger 在危险中in need 需要in short 简而言之in return 作为回报in turn 轮流in no time 一会儿at piece 与和平at risk 冒险at sea 不知所措at war with 与战争on time 准时on purpose 有意地by accident 无意by all means 尽一切办法by design 有意地by heart 记住by comparison 通过比较九、与time有关的高频句子1. this is the first/second time that sb has done sth第几次做某事，注意对应时态。 was had done 2. by the time+ S did/was.,S had done.到做什么的时候，怎么样。by the time+ S do, S will do/ will have doneeg: By the time this term ends, we have learned plenty of words and expressions.the first time + 从句，主句. 第一次做什么的时候，主要考从句部分。类似的还有：3. every time +从句，主句. 每当做什么的时候，4. last/next time +从句，主句. 上/下次做什么的时候，eg: The first time I saw him， I knew he was the one.十、与there有关的重点句子1. There is (remains, becomes) no doubt that 毫无疑问2. There is (remains, becomes) a doubt whether/if 对有疑问3. There is no point in doing sth 做毫无意义4. There is no way that 绝不可能5. There is no need to do sth 没有必要做6. There is no hope of doing sth 做没有希望7. There used to be +S 曾经有Eg: One time there used to be a field there in which they used to play every evening with other peoples children.过去那里曾经有一块空地，他们每晚都在空地上和其他家的孩子一起玩耍。十一、 it的常见的几个易混句。1. It is/was + 强调部分+ that + 其余部分。尤其要分清强调状语时和定语从句eg: It was in 2001 that I got married to my wife. It was 2001 when I got married to my wife.2. It is not until that 是强调句（状语）3. it is/will be +时间段+before + 从句 过多久才eg: It will be two years before we will meet again. it is/has been+时间段+since+从句(sb did)4. it was/had been+时间段+since+从句（sb had done）都表自从，但注意:主从句要考虑到对应时态，从句的谓语是瞬间还是延续动词,延续动词一般译为否定。eg：It has been three yeas since I was in Beijing . 我离开北京以三年了。5. It was +时刻+when从句 当的时候 （常考连接词）eg: it was 8 oclock when I returned home last night. 6. (It is) no wonder that 难怪7. It is no use/good doing sth 做是没有用/好处注意：有时也爱考there和it 的区别to do sth8. S + V (think/feel/make/find/consider.) + it + n/adj +doing sth (no use/good)that 从句9. S + V (喜欢或讨厌动词love/like/appreciate.) + it + if/when + CSeg: I will appreciate it if you help me in the future. 十二、常考的比较级 1. 不管是倍数还是其他数用在比较级中，都放在结构前。 S+V+倍数+ as adj/adv（原级）（可以加名词）as（不加as就不加宾语） S+V+倍数+adj/adv的比较级+than S+V+倍数+the+名词+ofeg: This bridge is 3 times as long as that one. 2. 否定+比较级=最高级 cant/couldnt/no/never/nothing + 比较级 eg: There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends. 为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。 I cant agree with you more. 3. no/nothing +比较级+than 否定比较级表最高级，常考代词no/nothing.eg: He is nothing more than a dreamer. 他只不过是一个做白日梦的人。 4. no + 比较级+ than 和一样不Eg Never have I looked down upon others, because I myself is no better than them. 我从来没有看不起过任何人，因为我本身并不会比别人好多少。 5. 与so和such的比较级so + adj/advS + have never done so + adj + a/an+ n(such)+ a/an+ adj+ n eg: I have never seen an interesting move. 我从来没看过这么有趣的电影。 与此类似的还有：否定词+ so+ adj+ as Eg：None is so deaf as those who wont listen.十三、与so和such有关的考点1. 主句+so that +从句。结果是；以致于eg：He wrote down my address, so that he might remember it. 他写下了我的地址，以便能够记住它。 adj/adv2. so + many/much + n that 如此以至于few/little + neg: She is so beautiful a girl that everyone likes her. a/an + adj + n(可单). such+ that （adj）+ n（不可数）以上结构与感叹句有相似之处What (相当于such) S+ V!How (相当于so) S+ V! eg: how beautiful a girl she is !十四、倒装句 半倒装 1. So/such 位于句首，so + adj + 助/系/情+S + V. eg: So difficult do I feel it to learn English well. 2. 否定词位于句首。句子要半倒装hardly/scarcely had sb done when sb did.一就No sooner had sb done than sb did.Eg；Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. 3. “only + 状语”位于句首，主句半倒装。 Eg：Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 4if 引导的虚拟条件句省if后引起的倒装。 Eg: Were I you, I would be ready to help others. 5P+ as+ S+ V 作让步状语，“尽管” eg: Child as he is, he knows a lot. 注意：表语为可数名词单数时，省略不定冠词。全倒装 6地点状语和方位副词(up/down/there/here/in/out/off.)位于句首时，句子要全倒装。 Eg：Out runs the boy. Out he runs. 注意: 当主语是人称代词时句子不倒装。十六、重点虚拟语气从句主句与现在事实相反If+ S+ did/wereshould/would/could/might do与过去事实相反If+ S+ had doneshould/would/could/might have done与将来事实相反If+ S+ should do/did/were to doshould/would/could/might do注意：以上是虚拟语气的精髓，也叫万能句，关键分清主从句对应的动词。 并且所有虚拟语气的从句都用以上从句结构。Eg: The baby was looking the book as if he had known it. I would rather you came tomorrow. 但注意：含蓄性虚拟语气有点不同，状语后是主句而不是从句。Eg: We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we would have visited more places of interests yesterday.十七、其他状语从句 1. S + was/were about to do/doing sth when . 正要做某事这时 2. 主句+before sb could do sth. 不等就 。 3while + 从句，主句。尽管（while只放在句首）Eg: Today, we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. 4. S + V + where-从句。（where引导地点状语从句） 5. However + adj/adv + S + V, 主句. 不管，（主要靠语序）Whatever+ adj+ n+ S+ VEg: Whatever great progress you made, you shouldnt be proud.6. whether or 不管是否Ill write every day, whether you answer me or not. I promise.十八、特殊句子1. sb/sth be adj to do （用主动表被动） Eg: English is easy to learn well.2. Sb/sth be pp to do/have done/be done/have been done= It be pp that sb/sth do/have done/be done/have been doneEg: she was said to have been cheated by a thief. =It was said that she had been cheated by a thief.3. The problem with+ n.is that+ 从句 的问题是Eg：The problem with that theory is that no other mammal has resorted to this method of cooling down. 这一理论的问题在于，没有其他的哺乳动物采取了这种降低体温的方式。 4. The reason why+从句/for (doing) sth.is that. 的原因是eg: The reason why he lost his job is that he was so lazy. 5. Thats because+ 原因从句Thats why+ 结果从句Eg：That's why we have to have the patience for this marathon rather than a sprint.这就是因为我们必须有跑马拉松的耐心，而不是想进行一个冲刺。That is because we are only doing double integrals so far.这是由于我们才刚开始做二重积分的缘故。 6. Sb/Sth be likely to do sth (而possible/probable 不能用人物作主语，只用it作形式主语)Eg：The low-temperature lake is likely to be able to support such large living creatures. 7. 祈使句/有more的名词，and/or+ 陈述句。 Eg: More time, and we will finish the task. 8. that the way(作先行词)in which定语从句省略 Eg: I dont like the way that/in which/X you speak to me like that.十九、与情态动词有关的考点1. 表推测。 must have done/ do 用在肯定句中，表肯定推测。 cant have done/ do 用在否定句中，表完全否定推测。 May/might have done/ do 用在陈述句中，表可能推测。 Can have done/do 用在疑问句中，表可能推测。Eg: So somewhere in my youth or childhood, I must have done something good.所以在我的童年或是少年时， 我一定是做了好事。He cant have done that for he is not that kind of man. 他不可能这么做的，因为 他不是那种人.2. can not/never be too+ adj/ adj+ enough to do sth. 再这么做也不为过。Eg: You can never be too careful to drive car.3. 虚拟语气should have done 应该做而没有做could have done 本能做而没有做neednt have done 没必要做而做了 eg：But we could have done it all so much better. 但是，我们本可以把这一切做得更好。