2019-2020学年新教材高中英语unit4 history and traditionssectionⅣreadingforwriting教学案版本：人教版必修第二册.doc

Section Reading for Writing基础知识 预习自检美丽的爱尔兰和它的传统爱尔兰美丽的乡村一直对其人民和传统有很大的影响。这个国家有孕育伟大的作家和诗人的悠久历史。美丽的乡村让所有人为之兴奋和鼓舞，刺激着每一种感官。“绿宝石(爱尔兰岛)”宁静秀美、郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，其风光堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。在海边，海浪的轰鸣声和海鸟的叫声构成了海岸音乐。在山间宁静的早晨，感受阳光照在你的皮肤上，呼吸着鲜花甜蜜的芳香，鸟儿歌唱迎接新的一天。因为这所有的美丽，爱尔兰形成了包括音乐、舞蹈和餐饮在内的浓厚传统，就不令人惊奇了。为了有机会好好感受这一切，在当地小酒吧停留，喝一杯葡萄酒或者是当地产的啤酒放松一下。更好的是，尝尝美味的传统爱尔兰炖牛肉。如果你幸运的话，你或许也可以享受传统的舞蹈和音乐。如果你能认识一个友好的人，你更有可能亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。重点知识 合作探究1Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses.(教材P44)美丽的乡村让所有人为之兴奋和鼓舞，刺激着每一种感官。剖析现在分词短语offering something for each of the senses在句中作伴随状语。伴随状语的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。归纳拓展现在分词短语作状语的用法：(1)作时间状语；(2)作原因状语；(3)作结果状语；(4)作条件状语；(5)作方式状语。He sat in the armchair, reading_a_newspaper.他坐在扶手椅上读报。Hearing_the_news,_they all jumped with joy.(When they heard the news, they .)听到这个消息时，他们都高兴得跳了起来。Not_knowing_her_adress,_I cant write to her.由于不知道她的地址，我没法给她写信。Tom failed all his exams, making his parents very angry.汤姆未能通过一门考试，这令他父母很生气。Listening_to_English every day, youll make progress step by step.每天听英语，你会逐渐取得进步。He supported his family driving_a_taxi.他靠开出租供养家庭。(1)指出下列句子中的现在分词在句中作什么状语All night long he lay awake, thinking_of_the_problem.()Walking_slowly across the grass, he pointed the gun at the lion and fired.()She came running_back to tell me the news.()Her husband died ten years ago, leaving_her with three children to look after.()Being_sick,_I stayed at home.()Working_hard,_youll surely succeed.()答案：伴随状语时间状语方式状语结果状语原因状语条件状语(2)单句写作他淋了雨，因此感冒了。He was caught in the rain, thus _.这条狗跟着男孩进了屋。The dog entered the room, _.答案：making himself catch a coldfollowing the boy2ocean n. 大海；海洋(教材P44)归纳拓展an ocean of . 众多；大量a drop in the ocean 沧海一粟；九牛一毛 The_Atlantic_Ocean separates America from Europe.大西洋把美洲和欧洲分隔开来。The ship was found after drifting on_the_ocean for six months.那条船在海上漂流了6个月后被找到了。What I am trying to do may be just a_drop_in_the_ocean.我努力做的事情可能只是沧海一粟。单句写作他们可以绕岛徒步旅行或在海里游泳。They may go hiking around the island, or swimming _.与广播的真正成本相比，他的酬劳不过是九牛一毛。His fee is _ compared with the real cost of broadcasting.因特网给每个人提供了浩如烟海的信息。The Internet serves everyone with _.答案：in the oceana drop in the oceanan ocean of information3greet vt. 问候；迎接(教材P44)归纳拓展(1)greet sb. with 以迎接/接待某人be greeted with/by 受到的对待/接待(2)greeting n. 问候；招呼；迎接；致意(2019全国卷)We were first greeted_with the barking by a pack of dogs, seven to be exact.首先迎接我们的是一群狗的吠叫，确切地说是七只。She greeted us with a smile.她微笑着向我们打招呼。As I approached, she gave me a nod of greeting.我走近时，她对我点头致意。(1)单句语法填空He greeted her _ a sweet kiss.The announcement _ (greet) with surprise.His _ (greet) was familiar and friendly.答案：withwas greetedgreeting(2)单句写作我从椅子上站起来，走过去跟她打招呼。 I got up from my chair and went up _.答案：to greet her4The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. (教材P44)“绿宝石(爱尔兰岛)”宁静秀美、郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，其风光堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。剖析句中的with its rolling .是“with宾语过去分词”的用法。“with宾语宾语补足语”，在句中通常作状语，表示伴随、方式、原因或条件等。归纳拓展with复合结构：(1)with宾语名词/形容词/副词(2)with宾语介词短语(3)with宾语现在分词(4)with宾语过去分词(5)with宾语动词不定式He died with_his_daughter_yet_a_schoolgirl.他去世时，女儿还是一个学生。(名词作宾补)He often sleeps with_the_windows_open.他经常开着窗户睡觉。(形容词作宾补)With_her_son_away_from_home,_she was worried.她的儿子不在家，所以她很担心。(副词短语作宾补)The teacher came in with_a_book_in_his_hand.老师手里拿着一本书走进来。(介词短语作宾补)The English class ended with_all_singing_an_English_song.英语课以全体合唱一首英语歌结束。(现在分词短语作宾补)With_all_the_things_she_needed_bought,_she went home.买了她需要的所有东西后，她回家了。(过去分词作宾补)I cant go out with_all_these_clothes_to_wash.要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。(不定式作宾补)(1)单句语法填空The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _ (follow) them.With all the homework _ (finish), Jack went out to play basketball.With a lot of homework _ (do), Tom cant go to the cinema with his father.She sat there with her eyes _ (close)答案：followingfinishedto doclosed(2)单句写作随着考试的临近，复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。_， its a good idea to review your class notes.这个孩子没有戴帽子就出去了。The child went out _.答案：With exams approachingwith no hat on5crowd n. 人群；一群人；民众vt. 挤满；使拥挤(教材P46)归纳拓展(1)a crowd of/crowds of 成群的；一群the crowd 群众；老百姓；凡夫俗子(2)crowd around/round . 聚集在周围；聚拢crowd . into/onto . 把装满(或塞满)crowd into/onto . 大批涌入(狭小的空间) There were crowds_of people waiting to get in.有成群的人在等着进去。He prefers to be one of the_crowd.他宁愿做个凡夫俗子。We all crowded_around the stove to keep warm.我们都挤在炉边取暖。Guests were_crowded_into the few remaining rooms.客人们被塞进了剩下的几个房间。(1)单句语法填空He was surrounded by crowds _ journalists.We all crowded _ her office to sing “Happy Birthday”Photographers were crowding _ outside.答案：ofintoaround(2)单句写作我们都喜欢认为自己胜人一筹。We all like to think we stand out _.答案：from the crowd学习效果 随堂演练.单词拼写1(2019北京高考)_ (海洋) colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton (浮游植物)答案：Ocean2He is living now in his mothers home _ (郡) of Oxfordshire.答案：county3Flowers are chosen for their _ (香味) as well as their look.答案：scent4Theyve gone down the _ (酒馆) for a drink. 答案：pub5According to the local _ (风俗), he had to kowtow three times.答案：custom.单句语法填空1Three _ (cattle) broke into the wheat fields and did much damage.答案：cattle2He is the greatest _ (poetry) who has ever existed.答案：poet3His hometown lies in the _ (roll) countryside of southwestern France.答案：rolling4In_ (strike) contrast to their brothers, the girls were both intelligent and charming.答案：striking5We need to ensure a smooth _ (transit) between the old system and the new one. 答案：transition.单句写作1他进来了，每只手里都拿着一瓶啤酒。He came in _ a bottle of beer _ each hand. 答案：with; in2我不仅仅代表我自己，也代表了一群在等我消息的人。I am not only representing myself, but also _ people who are waiting for my news. 答案：a crowd of/crowds of3在圣诞节赠送礼品是当地的习俗。Giving presents at Christmas is _.答案：a local custom4这个城市遍布着小型湖泊，有天然的也有人工的。The city _ small lakes, natural and artificial.答案：is dotted with5因为妈妈有病，我无法去度假。(with复合结构)I wont be able to go on holiday _.答案：with my mother being ill课后课时作业阅读理解AThe ancient city is in Pingyao County, Shanxi Province. The city wall was first built during the Zhou Dynasty. Since 1997, it has been listed as a World Heritage Site. Now Pingyao city is the only one in China completely protected as it was hundreds of years ago.The perimeter (周长) of this square city is 6.4 km long and the city wall is the earliest and largest city wall in China. It is 12m high with the width of 5m. The wall was built with earth and covered with bricks. Outside the city wall there is a river, 4m wide and 4m deep.There are several gates of the city, two each on the east and west and one each on the south and north side. All the gates have two doors each. This has given the city the name “Turtle City” with the two gates on the south and north standing for the head and tail of the turtle and four gates on the east and west as the four legs. The doors on the south and north stand opposite each other, like the head of the turtle extending out and two wells just beyond southern gate are like a turtles two eyes. Located on the trade route between Beijing and Xian, Pingyao developed into a merchant center where the local people set up the nations earliest banks. These banks were the first in China to use checks. Several old courtyards have been turned into museums, most of which were homes and offices of Pingyaos old banks. One of the most unusual aspects of a visit here is realizing that this place was very important to Chinas financial history.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了山西平遥古城的布局和在中国金融历史上的意义。1What does the passage mainly talk about?AThe ancient cityPingyao.BChinas ancient financial centrePingyao.CThe city wall of Pingyao.DThe museums in Pingyao.答案：A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章具体介绍了平遥古城的布局和在中国金融历史上的意义。B、C、D都是文章的部分内容，而不能概括全文。故选A。2How many gates are there in Pingyao city?AFour. BFive.CSix. DSeven.答案：C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“There are several gates of the city, two each on the east and west and one each on the south and north side”可知，在东、西各有两个门；在南、北各有一个门。故选C。3Which gate in Pingyao city stands for the head of the turtle?AThe gate on the north.BThe gate on the south.CThe gate on the east.DThe gate on the west.答案：B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the two gates on the south and north standing for the head and tail of the turtle”可知，在南边和北边的两个门分别是龟的头和尾，故选B。4It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that _.APingyao city played an important role in ancient Chinas financeBmuseums in Pingyao city are now used for bank officesCPingyao city was one of the largest cities in ancient ChinaDold banks in ancient Pingyao city used checks only答案：A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段及最后一段最后一句“One of the most unusual aspects of a visit here is realizing that this place was very important to Chinas financial history.”可推知，平遥在古代中国的金融方面起着重要的作用。故选A。1merchant n. 商人2courtyard n. (通常为城堡、大宅第等的)庭院，院子1World Heritage Site 世界遗产地2turn into 变成BWindsor Castle is an official residence of the Queen and the largest occupied castle in the world. A royal home and fortress for over 900 years, the Castle remains a working palace today. The Queen uses the Castle both as a private home, where she usually spends the weekend, and as a royal residence at which she performs certain formal duties. Every year the Queen takes up official residence in Windsor Castle for a month over Easter (MarchApril), known as Easter Court. During that time the Queen hosts occasional “dine and sleep” events for guests, including politicians and public figures. The Queen is also in residence for a week in June, when she attends the service of the Order of the Garter and the Royal Ascot horse racing meeting. Windsor Castle is often used by the Queen to host State Visits from overseas monarchs and presidents. Foreign Heads of State enter the Castle in horsedrawn carriages through the George Gateway into the quadrangle (四方院) in the Upper Ward, where a military guard of honour is drawn up. The traditional State Banquet is held in St Georges Hall (55.5 m long and 9 m wide), with a table seating up to 160 guests. St Georges Chapel remains an active centre for worship (礼拜), with daily services open to all. The Chapel, together with the remainder of the College of St George, is governed by the Dean and Canons of Windsor, who with their officers and staff, are independent of the Royal Household. Various departments of the Royal Household are based at Windsor Castle. The ancient Round Tower houses the Royal Archives and the Royal Photograph Collection. The Print Room and Royal Library house valuable drawings, prints and books in the Royal Collection. These are shown in a programme of changing exhibitions in the Castles Drawings Gallery. Windsor Castle is also a busy visitor attraction. Many parts of the Castle are open to the public, including the State Apartments, Queen Marys famous dolls house, St Georges Chapel, and the Albert Memorial Chapel. When the Queen is in official residence, the Changing of the Guard provides a colourful spectacle in the quadrangle.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了温莎城堡的结构和用途。5According to the passage, the Royal Ascot horse racing meeting takes place _.Ain March Bin JuneCat Christmas Don weekends 答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，女王6月会在温莎城堡住一周，期间她会参加皇家阿斯科特赛马会。故选B。6When a president visits Britain, the Queen is to give a military guard of honour in _.Athe Upper Ward Bthe George GatewayCSt Georges Hall Dthe State Apartments 答案：A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“in the Upper Ward, where a military guard of honour is drawn up”可知，上区庭院(upper ward)是举行仪仗队检阅的地方，故选A。7According to the passage, where are the Royal Archives stored?AIn the Print Room.BIn the Royal Library.CIn the Round Tower.DIn the Castles Drawings Gallery. 答案：C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The ancient Round Tower houses the Royal Archives and the Royal Photograph Collection.”可知，皇家档案室在圆形塔楼，故选C。8Whats the purpose of the passage?ATo educate. BTo introduce.CTo criticize. DTo amuse.答案：B推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文的目的是介绍温莎城堡，并没有教育、批评或娱乐之意。故选B。1occupied adj. 被侵占的；使用中的；有人居住的2fortress n. 城堡；堡垒；要塞3occasional adj. 偶尔的；偶然的；临时的4spectacle n. 壮观的景象1take up 占据(时间，地方) 2.public figure 公众人物七选五(2019河南洛阳市、许昌市高三年级第一次质量检测)Filial piety (孝心) is Chinas most important morality and involves strong deference (顺从) to ones parents. Thus, filial piety is an important value when it comes to treating ones immediate family, elders and superiors in general.OriginsFilial piety was originally mentioned in the Western Zhou, _1_.MeaningFilial piety is a general attitude of offering love, respect, support, and deference to ones parents and other elders in the family, such as grandparents or older siblings. _2_. Besides, it involves working hard in order to provide material comforts for parents.The idea stems from the fact that parents give life to their children, and subsequently support them throughout their developing years in terms of providing food, education, and material needs. _3_.Chinese characterBy looking at the Chinese character for filial piety, you will learn a lot about the terms definition._4_. The character is a combination of the character lao, which means old and zi, which means son. The top half of the character lao forms the top half of the character xiao, whereas the character that represents son forms the bottom half of the character._5_. The character xiao shows that the older person or generation is being supported by the son, or children in general.Alet me tell you the definition of filial pietyBFilial piety is clarified by the Chinese character xiaoCFilial piety is one of the most important Chinese traditionsDThis placement is symbolic and tells of what filial piety meansEwhich includes carrying on the family line and respecting the eldersFActs of filial piety include obeying parents wishes, taking care of them when they are oldGExtending beyond ones family, filial piety also applies to all elders like teachers, professional superiors, or any