2019-2020学年新教材高中英语unit5 musicsectionⅢdiscoveringusefulstructures&listeningandtalking教学案版本：人教版必修第二册.doc

Section Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking基础知识 预习自检.重点词汇1relief n. (焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除；(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱relieve v. 减轻，缓和2absorb v. 吸收；吸引；理解absorbed in sth./sb. 被吸引住；专心致志3previous adj. 先前的；以往的 previously adv. 先前地；以往地4employ v. 雇用；应用；运用；使用employed adj. 雇用的；使用的 unemployed adj. 失业的；待业的5equip v. 装备；配备equipment n. 设备；装备6piano n. 钢琴pianist n. 钢琴弹奏者；钢琴家7assume vt. 以为；假设assumption n. 假定；假设8set_sth._up 安装好(设备或机器)9try_out 参加选拔(或试演)10in_addition_(to_sb./sth.) 除以外 (还).教材原句1_ (被这音乐感动了), he said, “It was like seeing color for the first time.”答案：Moved by this music2Henry was highly interested in music and began to write _ (原创作品) when he was in high school.答案：original compositions 3They were pleased with his music and songs and finally _ (邀请他表演) in the Silver Hall.答案：invited him to perform4The room had been _ (被漆成了深色), so it needed some bright lights.答案：painted in dark colours5Dave _ (失业了), so he had time to consider what job he really wanted.答案：was unemployed6He _ (被纠正) by his teacher from time to time, so he lost interest in singing.答案：was corrected7_ (什么种类的歌) will Grace Davis sing at the festival?答案：What kind of songs8What can those who think they do not have _(音乐天赋) do?答案：musical talent9You missed the announcement about _ (音乐节)答案：the music festival10John, you can _ (弹钢琴). How about playing it at the festival?答案：play the piano重点知识 合作探究1relief n. (焦虑、痛苦的)减轻或消除；(不快过后的)宽慰、轻松或解脱(教材P54)归纳拓展(1)in/with relief 如释重负；松了口气to ones relief 使某人欣慰的是；令某人安心的是It is a relief to . 是让人欣慰/轻松的事。relief from . 的减轻/消除(2)relieve v. 减轻，缓和relieve sb. of sth. 帮助某人减轻的负担，解除某人的职务relieve ones pain/pressure 减轻某人的痛苦/压力When he heard he had passed the examination, he smiled in_relief.听说他通过了考试，他如释重负地笑了。Much_to_our_relief/To_our_great_relief,_the children all arrived home safely.使我们非常欣慰的是，孩子们都安全到家了。It_was_a_relief_to_be able to talk to someone about it.能和别人谈谈这件事，(我)感到舒心多了。In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purpose is to relieve worldwide starvation.在1963年，联合国设立了世界粮食计划署，它的目的之一是缓解全球饥荒。Let me relieve_you_of_some_of_your_bags.我来帮你拿几个袋子吧。(1)单句语法填空To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious disease. There was no cure, only pain _ (relieve)Hearing the news, Della burst into laughter _ relief._ our relief, most children have access to good education.The new secretary will relieve us _ some of the paperwork.答案：reliefin/withToof(2)单句写作这间凉爽的房间可以让人们躲避户外的酷热。The cool room provided _ the intense heat outdoors.听说他在事故中幸免于难，真是很欣慰。_ hear that he survived the accident.答案：relief fromIt was a relief to2cure vt. 治愈；治好(疾病)；解决(问题)n. 药物；治疗；(解决问题、改善糟糕情况的)方法(教材P54)归纳拓展(1)cure sb./a disease 治疗好某人/治疗(治愈)某种疾病cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的疾病；改掉某人的恶习等 (2)a cure for 针对的治疗(法)Will you be able to cure_him,_doctor?医生，你能把他治好吗？His parents tried to cure_him_of_bad_habits.他的父母试图改掉他的恶习。This is a_new_cure_for SARS.这是一种新的SARS治疗方法。(1)单句语法填空There is still no excellent cure _ short sight sightedness.The fresh air and exercise cured him _ his sleeplessness.答案：forof(2)单句写作治愈你的疾病花了多长时间？How long did it take to _ that disease? 答案：cure you of 3absorbed in sth./sb. 被吸引住；专心致志(教材P54)归纳拓展(1)absorb v. 吸收；吸引；理解absorb . into . 把吸收进absorb/attract/draw ones attention 吸引某人的注意力(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的be absorbed into . 被吸收；被吞并absorb oneself in (doing) sth.be absorbed in (doing) sth. 全神贯注于(做)某事The cream is easily absorbed_into the skin.这种护肤霜皮肤易吸收。The surrounding small towns have_been_absorbed_into the city.周围的小城镇已被并入这座城市。The girl is_absorbing_herself_in painting.The girl is_absorbed_in painting.这个小女孩正在专心画画。单句语法填空He was absorbed in _ (recite) English words.The Colonial Office was absorbed _ the Foreign Office.Yuan Longping is always _ (absorb) in his research on rice.答案：recitingintoabsorbed4previous adj. 先前的；以往的(教材P54)归纳拓展(1)previous to (to为介词) 先于；在之前(2)previously adv. 先前地；以往地I was unable to attend because of a previous engagement.我因有约在先，无法出席。It happened previous_to his arrival here.事情发生在他到这儿之前。The building had previously been used as a hotel.这座楼房早先曾用作旅馆。单句语法填空Previous _ this, shed always been well.I havent met him _ (previous)答案：topreviously5aim n. 目的；目标vi.& vt. 力求达到；力争做到；瞄准vi. 目的是；旨在(教材P54)归纳拓展(1)with the aim of 为了achieve ones aim 实现目标take aim (at sb./sth.) 瞄准()(2)aim (sth.) at sb./sth. (把)瞄准aim to do sth. 企图/意欲/旨在做某事aim at (doing) sth. 旨在(做)be aimed at (doing) sth. 旨在(做)；目的是(做)be aimed at sb. 针对某人；对象是某人(主语一般是物)aim for sth. 力争得到She visited the school with_the_aim_of seeing the library.她参观学校的目的是看看图书馆。He aimed_(his_gun)_at the target, fired and missed it.他(用枪)瞄准目标开火，却未打中。My brother aims_at being a writer.My brother aims_to_be a writer.我弟弟立志当一名作家。The visit was_aimed_at_deepening the relation between the two countries.这次访问的目的在于加深两国的关系。(1)单句语法填空The hunter took aim _ the rabbit and shot at it.Shes aiming _ a scholarship.My remarks were not aimed _ you.答案：atforat(2)单句写作旨在提高学生沟通技巧的课程深受学生欢迎。The course _ students communication skills is popular with them. 答案：aimed at improving6assume vt. 以为；假设(教材P55)归纳拓展(1)assume sb./sth. to be 假定/假设为It is assumed that . 一般认为(2)assumption n. 假定；假设make an assumption 认为，假定(3)assume/assuming (that) . 假设/假定I had assumed_him_to_be a Belgian.我本以为他是比利时人。It_is_generally_assumed_that stress is caused by too much work.一般认为，压力是工作过多所致。Assuming/Assume that our plan is turned down, what shall we do?假定我们的计划被拒绝了，我们该怎么办？(1)单句语法填空_ (assume) you are right, well make a great deal of money from the project.It_ (assume) that mental health is related to physical health.A lot of people make the _ (assume) that poverty only exists in the third world.答案：Assumingis assumedassumption(2)单句写作在没有听到对你不利的证据前，我假定你是无辜的。I _ innocent before hearing the evidence against you. 答案：assume you to be7addition n. 添加；加法；增加物(教材P55)归纳拓展in addition 另外；此外(还有)in addition to 除以外还Addition and division are forms of computation.加法和除法都是计算方法。You need money and time, in_addition,_you need diligence.你需要金钱和时间，此外你还需要勤奋。In_addition_to English, he has to study a second foreign language.除英语外，他还得学第二外语。名师点津当主语后跟有in addition to引出的介词短语时，谓语动词仍与其前的主语保持一致。单句语法填空Our cafe offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition _ seasonal specials.If you pay for the computer in cash, you could have a 5% discount; _ addition, we can deliver it to you for free.The teacher, in addition to his students, _ (be) interested in the book.答案：toinwas/isGrammar过去分词作表语和状语单句语法填空1_ (ask) what had happened, he lowered his head.答案：Asked2_ (leave) at home, John didnt feel afraid at all.答案：Left3Some medicines, if wrongly _ (take), can kill a person. 答案：taken4The teacher entered the classroom，_ (follow) by a group of students. 答案：followed5_ (bear)in a poor family, Nadia had only two years of schooling.答案：Born6The girl met with an accident when crossing the road, _ (wound) in the head.答案：wounded7_ (give) a few minutes, Ill finish it.答案：Given8_ (satisfy) with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.答案：Satisfied(一)过去分词作表语的基本情况当过去分词跟在系动词be, get, become, look, sound, feel, keep, remain, grow, seem, appear等后面时，此时过去分词被称作表语。系动词和过去分词之间一般表示被动关系或说明主语所处的状态。含有“感到”的意思。此时主语多数情况是人。 过去分词作表语时表示主语的特点或所处的状态，强调主谓关系。这种结构中的过去分词前可加quite, very, rather 等修饰词。He was_excited when he passed the exam.当他通过考试时，他很兴奋。He became_interested in English.他变得对英语感兴趣了。His father seems_pleased with his results.他父亲似乎对他的成绩很满意。She is_very_surprised at the news.她听到这个消息很惊讶。(二)过去分词作表语和现在分词作表语的区别过去分词和现在分词作表语都用于说明主语“怎么样”，现在分词表主语的特点/特征，含有“令人”之意；而过去分词表主语的状态，含“感到”之意。如All of us were so disappointed at his absence. 我们所有人都对他的缺席感到非常失望。 Climbing is tiring and we are completely tired after a days climbing.爬山是累人的，爬了一天的山我们全都累坏了。名师点津过去分词作表语时，它与主语是动宾关系； 现在分词作表语时，它与主语是主谓关系。He is terrifying.他很吓人。 (指他的长相或举动令人害怕，主谓关系)He is terrified.他很害怕。 (指某人某物使他害怕，动宾关系) 类似常用的过去分词有 interested, excited, surprised, puzzled, amused, confused, embarrassed, satisfied; 类似常用的现在分词有 interesting, exciting, surprising, puzzling, amusing, confusing, embarrassing, satisfying。(三)过去分词作表语和过去分词在被动语态中的区别过去分词作表语，常常强调或说明主语的状态；过去分词在被动语态中，则强调动作。The store is now closed.(系表)商店现在关门了。The library is usually closed at 8：00 pm.(被动)图书馆通常晚上八点关门。The novel is well written.(系表)这部小说写得很好。The novel is_witten by Lu Xun.(被动)这部小说是鲁迅写的。(一)过去分词作状语的基本用法1过去分词作状语的功能及位置(1)过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作不是句子的主语发出的：过去分词与主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。Built thirty years ago, the house looks very beautiful.尽管这座房子是30年前(被)建造的，但它看起来很漂亮。(2)过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。Seen_from_this_aspect,_the matter isnt as serious as people generally suppose.如果从这个角度看，事情并不像人们想的那样严重。Surrounded_by_his_students,_the professor sat there cheerfully.那位教授在学生的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。2过去分词作状语的种类(1)作时间状语时，可转换为when, while或after等引导的状语从句。Discussed_many_times,_the problems were settled at last.After_they_were_discussed_many_times,_the problems were settled at last.讨论多次之后这些问题终于解决了。(2)作条件状语时，可转换为if, once或unless等引导的状语从句。Given_more_time,_we could do it much better.If_we_were_given_more_time,_we could do it much better.多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。(3)作原因状语时，可转换为as, since或because等引导状语从句。Broken_down_on_the_high_way,_his car was carried away by the police.As_it_was_broken_down_on_the_high_way,_his car was carried away by the police.由于他的车在高速公路上坏了，于是被警察拖走了。(4)作让步状语时，可转换为although, though或even if等引导的状语从句。Exhausted_by_the_climb,_we continued our journey.Although_we_were_exhausted_by_the_climb,_we continued our journey.我们虽然爬得很累，但仍然继续我们的旅程。Defeated_by_his_opponent,_he never gave up any hope.Although_he_was_defeated_by_his_opponent,_he never gave up any hope.他尽管被对手打败，但是从没放弃任何希望。(5)作方式状语时，如有连词as if，就可转换为as if引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则可转换为并列结构。He began to cry as_if_bitten_by_a_snake.He began to cry as_if_he_was_bitten_by_a_snake.他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。(6)作伴随状语时，一般可转换为并列结构。Mrs Wu came in, followed_by_her_daughter.Mrs Wu came in and_she_was_followed_by_her_daughter.吴太太走了进来，后面跟着她的女儿。(二)过去分词作状语的注意事项1过去分词作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带有连词，如：when, while, if, though, as if, unless, until等，以使句意表达得更清楚。Unless constantly repeated, the English words are easily forgotten.这些英语单词很容易被忘记，除非不断重复(记忆)。When asked why she came here, the girl kept silent.当有人问她为何来这儿时，那个女孩沉默不语。2过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致(现在分词作状语同样如此)，否则需加上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。Given a chance, we can surprise the world.若给我们一个机会，我们会让世人惊奇。He was listening attentively in class, his_eyes fixed on the blackboard.他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。3有些过去分词(短语)来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost (迷失的), seated (坐), hidden (隐藏的), lost/absorbed in (沉浸于), dressed in (穿着)等。Lost_in_thought,_he didnt hear the bell.由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。(三)过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别语法逻辑关系时间概念过去分词作状语过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动。过去分词所表示的动作往往发生于谓语动词所表示的动作之前，或表示“一种状态”，与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或存在。现在分词作状语现在分词作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。现在分词的一般式(doing)表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生；现在分词的完成式(having done)表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。Seeing_from_the_hill,_you will find the city looks like a big garden.从山上看，你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语you之间是逻辑上的主谓关系)Seen_from_the_hill,_the city looks like a big garden.从山上看，这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语the city之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)(1)同义句转换Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly.When_， Li Lei hurried home quickly. Compared with you, I still have a long way to go.If_， I still have a long way to go. Mocked at by everybody, he had my sympathy.Although _ by everybody, he had my sympathy.Greatly touched by the teachers words, the boy did a lot of things to help his classmates.Because/As _ by the teachers words, the boy did a lot of things to help his classmates.The patient got off the bed, supported by the nurse.The patient got off the bed, _ by the nurse.答案：he was told that his mother was illI am compared with youhe was mockedhe was greatly touchedand he was supported(2)判断下列句子是系表结构还是被动语态My pen is gone._The play was written with great care._We were surprised at the unexpected news._The window was broken by Kate._答案：系表结构被动语态系表结构被动语态学习效果 随堂演练.单词拼写1(2019全国卷)Gordon says the HUNCH program has an _ (巨大影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. 答案：impact2My mother is a strong, _ (有能力的) woman.答案：capable3His _ (天赋) as a film actor was soon recognized. 答案：talent4I didnt see your car, so I _ (以为) youd gone out.答案：assumed5(2019北京高考)Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event _ (目标) to raise public awareness about environmental protection.答案：aiming.单句语法填空1Much to my_ (relieve) the car was not damaged.答案：relief2Im not interested in a _ (romance) relationship.答案：romantic3This _ (equip) has saved the lives of a number of new born children. 答案：equipment4You must collect enough materials previous _ your writing.答案：to5_ (employ) by the company she longed for, the girl was very happy.答案：Employed.单句写作1这个小姑娘正在全神贯注地阅读一篇故事。The little girl was _ reading a tale.答案：absorbed in2现在医生们确信已经治好了他的病。Now doctors believe they_ the disease. 答案：have cured him of3有些人参加校队的选拔；有的则加入校内的运动联盟。Some_ the school teams, while others join intramural sports leagues.答案：try out for4他把电脑安装在卧室里，这样他就可以在家里工作了。He_ the computer in his bedroom so that he could work at home.答案：set up5除了伤亡之外，还有许多人失踪。_ the killed and wounded, many were missing. 答案：In addition to课后课时作业完形填空Dorothy Brown was very happy as she sat in the theatre listening to the music. Today her little daughter, Lauren was giving her _1_ concert. She had been _2_ for this _3_ for years. “Now it is here at last！” she thought. “How beautiful her _4_ is！” The song made her _5_， to th