2022年高考英语阅读理解解题技巧及经典题型3.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 词汇、阅读速度和懂得才能读的方法可以使用以下几种：.跳读 ：就是快速的一步阅读法；实际上是有挑选阅读,找关键词；用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、 where 之类的问题最为.略读 ：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法；即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读,目的是明白大意,对文章有个总的概念；此种阅读方法能回答 why 、how 之类的问题；.精读 ：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法,目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的懂得与把握；在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点： 1.带着问题阅读短文；2.找出主题句、确定中心思想；3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义；4.尽快挑选答案；同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧记叙文 记叙文又可分 传记类 和故事类 ； 传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键,依据时间我们可以找到相关的大事,抓住文章的主要内容故事类文章情节性较强,阅读时要留意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的大事,这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息,对于精确理文章非常重要；说明文说明文是对事物的外形、性质、特点、成果或功用等进行介绍,说明或阐述的文章；把握所说明事物的特点和本质是懂得说明文的键；说明事物特点的方法很多,主要有定义法、说明法、比 数字说明文较法、比如法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等；在阅读数字说明文时要特殊留意文中数字的含义,从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容；说明说明文 说明说明文着重说明事物的本质、特点和功用等；很多科普文章都属于这一类；在阅读这类文章时要学会解决 what, how, why 等一 的问题；它们是文章的关键；如能带着这些问题阅读,将会更快速抓住文章的主题；比较说明文 比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题；在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向；作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要 及到争议的各个方面；但是,在一般情形下,作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点；应用文应用文涉及的范畴比较广,包括广告、通知、书信等；应用文一般语言简洁,省略及不规范的句子较多；阅读时一般要求考生全面掌章中供应的信息,并运用这些信息去解决问题；因此对题干的懂得尤为重要；阅读懂得的考题分为 客观懂得题 是指在短文中客观存在的事实,客观信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到；即懂得文中的详细事 象概念和主观懂得题 这类问题都不行能直接从原文中找到答案,须通过阅读文章对文章主旨和深层含义有更深懂得,并据此进行判 推理；其中细节懂得题和推测词义题属于客观题；主旨大意题和推理判定题属于主观题；事实细节题名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 属于细节类型的阅读懂得题一般只针对某个特定的细节,题型可以多种多样；此类题型一般分两种；第一种是直接懂得题 ,在原文以直接找到答案；其次种是 词义转换题 ,正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换；做此类试题肯定要抓住大事发生的时间、地点、人展过程和结局等环节,所选答案切不行望文生义；这类题型的主要提问方式常为：Which of the following is true/NOT true in the passage.Which of the following statements is NOT discussed/mentioned in the passage.Which is the right order of the events given in the passage.All the following statements are NOT true except .细节题的破解一般采纳寻读法,即先看试题,再读文章；对有关信息进行快速定位,再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比,有据地排除干扰项,选出正确答案；寻读法仍特殊适用于对图形表格类题材的懂得；做此类型的题目仍要特殊留意句子的规律关系；中有很多功能词,如：表因果关系的 because, since, as等；表转折关系的 but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand 等等；推测词义题留意从以下七个方面着手：依据定义或说明、说明推测生词的词义be,be called, call 等判定词显现的判定句中,或定语从句及标点符号,或同位语部分,可以依据已知部分,推测生词的含义；例如 herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. 依据对比关系推测生词的词义 but,however,yet,otherwise,though 这些表示意义转折的连词显现的句子中,其前后的词有明显对比关系,依据已知的内容,通过 对比关系,就很简单猜诞生词的词义了；如：Though Toms face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby . 通过因果关系推测词义ause, since与 as是连接缘由状语从句的从属连词,so 是连接表示结果的状语从句的连词,so.that 与 such.that 中的 that 是连接结果句的；例如：She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. 依据生活常识推测词义用规律推理才能,自身的生活体会及生活常识；再联系上下文能读懂的部分,可以正确猜出词义；例如：Most of the roses are beginnwither because of the cold. 依据同等关系推测词义 等关系,指的是一个词,一组词或短语在句中作同一成分,而且它们的词义都属于同一范畴；明显的标志是,这样的词组或短语中间用并列连词 and 或 or 来连接；例如：At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy. 从“年龄 42 岁 ”以及与 prime 具有同等关full of energy 可以猜出 prime 的意思是 “ 盛年时期 ” ；依据列举的事例推测词义u can take any of the periodicals : “The World of English”. “Foreign Language Teaching in Schools”, or 从后面列举的例 English L,可以猜出 periodical 是“期刊,杂志 ” 的意思；依据构词法学问推测词义：生,合成,转化,缩略,知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义,就可猜出组成的新词词义；Remember that people on line may not be who they seem. Because you cant see or even hear the person, it would be easy for someone to misrepresent himself/herself. 推理判定题阅读懂得整体语篇的同时,又要求对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的进展作正确的推理判定,力求从作者的角度去考虑,不要固守自 看法或观点；不要主观臆断,凭空想象,任意发挥,而走入误区；学会运用主题句去估计、揣摩文字背后作者的意图,运用归纳、对 绎技能,运用背景学问去挖掘文章深层含义,从而正确懂得作者的言外之意,同时仔细体会文章的语气与感情基调 如：否定、厌恶、讽刺等；这类试题常以如下句式发问：What can you conclude/ imply from this passage. Whats the authors attitude（态度） towards.We can infer /learn from the passage that.主旨大意题握文章的总体,并真正懂得主题和中心；要求能较好地运用概括、判定、归纳、推理等规律思维方法解题,难度较大,属于高层次题 般主旨大意题可以分为两类：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 确定文章的标题和主题 title or topic标题位于文章之首,用来高度概括文章内容,点明文章主题；它可以是单词,短语,也可以是句子；要确定文章标题,第一, 要在阅读原文的基础上,考虑标题是否与主题亲密相关；其次, 看标题是否能概括全文内容；不能只概括文中的某些事实或细节；然后, 要留意标题范畴不应太大或太小；最终, 标题应简练并能吸引读者；即 :1、特殊新奇 2、概括性强3、短小精炼；常见的标题型题干：1 The best title/ headline for this passage might be_. 2 The text passage could be entitled _.3 What is the best title for the passage. 4 What s the topic of the article.主题句（topic sentence ）及主旨大意 main idea 的概括篇文章一般表达一个中心内容或主题；这个中心内容或主题通常用一个句子来概括；此句叫做主题句；一般来说,说明文和谈论文都题句,而且多位于文章的开头,有时也位于文章的中间或末尾；但有时不能在文中直接找到主题句,要求读者把握每段的主题句,弄于段之间规律关系的基础上自己归纳总结；主题句必需能简洁明白地概括全文的主要内容,具有高度的综合性和概括性；文章或段落他句子都是对主题句的进一步说明 ,说明 ,论证或扩展 .见的主题句和主旨型题干：What is the topic sentence of the passage.This article/text/passage mainly tells that _.Which of the following gives a general idea of the passage.Which of the following is the main idea of the passage.阅读水平的提高不是一两天的阅读就可以见效的；想要提高阅读才能,一是要培育良好的阅读行为习惯；如：要用眼光看,不要用手指去点；要默读,不要小声读；二是要积存大量的词汇,把阅读中的高频难词熟记,每次阅读后要整理好生词,然后记住其意思；三是要广泛地做课后阅读,坚持每天读 1-2 篇文章；四是不要一遇到生词就查字典,要先猜其意义,等做完题目后再查字典,以免影响阅读速度；练习CBAABSons Help ang worked in a factory. As a driver, he was busy but he was paid much. His wife was an able woman and did all the housework. When he camshe took good care of him and he never did anything at home. So he had enough time when he had a holiday. A few friends of his liked gamblnd he learned it soon. So he was interested in it and hardly forgot anything except gambling. He lost all his money and later he began to sell thesion, watches and so on. His wife told him not to do it but he didnt listen to her. She had to tell the police. He and hhe was hardly sent away. After he came out of lockup拘留所 , he hated her very much and the woman had to leave him. New Year s Day. Mr. Lang didnt go to work. He felt lonely and wanted to gamble again. He called his friends and they came soon. But the police would come. He told his five-year-old son to go to find out if there were the policemen outside. They waited for a long time and didthe police would come and began to gamble. Suddenly opened the door and in came a few policemen.w there werent any policemen outside, daddy,” said the boy, “so I went to the crossing and asked some to come. Lang was paid much because _. he was a driver B. he worked in a factoryhe had a lot of work to do D. he had worked there for a long times. Lang did all housework because _. she couldnt find any work B. she thought her husband was tiredher husband spent all time in gambling D. she wouldnt stop her husband gambling_, so he was put into lockup. Mr. Lang often gambled B. Mr. Lang was late for workMr. Lang didnt help his wife at home D. Mr. Lang wasnt polite to the policee woman had to leave Mr. Lang because _. he didnt love her any longer B. he wouldnt stop gambling第 3 页,共 4 页he had been put into lockup D. he was hardly sent away by the factory名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - hich of the following is right. . The boy hoped his father to be put into lockup again. The boy hoped his father to stop gambling soon. B. The boy thought his father needed some policemen. D. The boy hoped his mother to come back（2） DBDD Students in many countries are learning English. Some of these students are small children. Others are teen-agers. Many are adults. Some learn at school, others by themselves. A few learn English by learning the language over the radio, on TV, or in film. One must work hard to learn another language.Why do all these people want to learn English. It is difficult to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects required for study. They study their own language and maths and English: Some people learn it because it is useful for their work. Many people learn English for their work. Many people learn English for their higher studies, because at college or university some of their books are in English. Other people learn English because they want to read newspapers or magazines in English.1. People learn English _.A. at school B. over the radio C. on TV D. not all in the same way2. Different kinds of people want to learn English _.A. together with other subjects B. for different reas*C. for their work D. for higher studies at colleges3. From this passage we know that _.A. we can learn English easily C. English is learned by most people in the world 4. Which of the following is right.B. English is very difficult to learn D. English is a useful language but one must work hard to learnA. We don t need to learn any foreign languages. B. We can do well in all our work without English.C. English is the most important subject in schools. D. We should learn English because we need to face the world. 感谢大家下载 ,本文档下载后可依据实际情形进行编辑修改.再次感谢大家下载.飞翔在学问的海洋吧.第 4 页,共 4 页名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -