2022年高中英语-必修-unit-知识点总结.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 必修五 Unit 2 The United Kingdom 重点词组：1. keep your eyes open 睁大你的眼睛 2. consist of 由 组成 3. leave out 省去 不考虑 遗漏4. divide into 分成 5. prepare to 预备6. compare A with B 与 比 compare A to B 把 A 比作 B 7. work out 做出 解决 设计出 运算出 锤炼开采完 进展 进行work on 对 .起作用；妄想影响或说服,忙于 work in 在 工作work off 慢慢排除 处理 排除 卖掉 发泄8. asked the boss on the phone 通过9. a furnished house with all modern conveniences 一个带家具的房子有全部的现代便利的设施10. familiar with 熟识 11. worried about the time available 担忧时间不够12. make a list of 列出关于 的清单13. on special occasions 在特别的场合14.the four-hundred-year-old uniform 有四百年历史的降服定语不加“s”fall asleep 入睡15. set the world time 设置世界时间16. on either side of the line 在线的两端17. 18.with delight 非常欢乐的一、句型集锦1. Why are you unwilling to accept this wonderful opportunity. Opportunity 时机,时机搭配： Opportunity for/of .的时机Opportunity to do .做 的时机Catch/seize/take an opportunity 抓住时机Give/offer an opportunity供应时机Lose/miss an opportunity 错失时机Give up an opportunity 舍弃时机Eg. You ll have the opportunity to ask any questions at the end. There was no opportunity for further discussion. Chance 与 opportunity 辨析Chance时机强调其偶然性,含有侥幸的意味；Opportunity 带有恰逢其时,正好便利行事的意味,有期望的含义；Eg. It would be foolish to let such an opportunity slip; it is the chance of a lifetime. 2.You will live in a town close to the countryside in England in a furnished house with all modern conveniences. Furnished 配备好装备的,带家具的Furnish 1在房屋等内 布置家具 Eg. The house was simply furnished. 2向某人 /某事物供应,供应 furnish A with B 将 B 供应应 A/ 用 B 装备 A Eg. She furnished him with the facts surrounding the case. 辨析 furnish, equip与 supply 与 be furnished with 指供应生活所必备的或为生活舒服所需的家具Furnish furnish A with B Eg. I ll furnish my house with furniture.我要为我的房子置办家具；equip equip A with B 常表示“ 装备” 工作所需要的东西eg. The room is equipped with the air conditioning. Supply supply sb. with sth=supply sth to sb. 可用于指在任何环境下“ 供应” 任何东西Eg. The merchant supplies goods to them. 单词积存Furniture 家具furnishings 家具,室内摆设1 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3. Your task will be to examine the possibility of constructing a new factory in the United Kingdom. Be+to do 结构的用法 1be to do 结构中,不定式作表语,表示主语和表语在概念上是等同的；如：The problem is to find a solution. My wish is to be a teacher. 2 be to do His plan is to clean the room. 1坚决命令 No one is to enter this building without the permission of the security guard. 2“ 方案,支配”意思接近于 be going to Betty is to get married next month. 3不行防止,注定 You are to answer for what you have done. 4意图,准备,决心 If all of us are to remain friendly, we must be sincere with one another. 5“ 义务,应当”意思接近于 should, ought to You have done so well. You are to be rewarded. 6用于“if were to do” ,表示虚拟假设 If I were to do it, I would do it well. Possibility 搭配 a possibility of doing sth 做某事的可能 a possibility that .的可能性. Is there any possibility of your getting to London this week. There is a possibility that he will win. 单词积存 Possible 可能的,possibly 可能地辨析 probable, likely 与 possible Probable 十有八九的可能性Likely 十有五六的可能性Possible 十有一二的可能性-Is there any possibility _C_ you could pick me up at the airport. 2022浙江高考 -No problem. A. when B. that C. whether D. what 4. All of the words below can take the place of Take the place of=take ones place 代替“ 代替” 的种种表达法：take the place of, take ones place, replace in, in place of, instead of 拓展In place 在适当的位置,适当 In place of 代替 In sbs place 处于某人的位置Out of place 不适当的,离开原先的地方 Take place 发生,举办 In the first place 第一,第一The chairman is ill in hospital now, so we have no idea who will _A_ in the coming conference. A. take his place B. take place C. take place of him D. take the place of 5. “ Please dont hurt my cat, ”begged Sarah as her brother picked it up by one leg. Pick up 1捡起,捡起,整理,整理She picked up a store and threw it at the window. Please pick up all your toys when you ve finished playing. 2取物,接人 Pick me up at the hotel. 3收听到 We picked up radio signals for help from the damaged plane. 4获得,得到,买到,学会 Here s a tip I picked up from my brother. 5使重新开头 We picked the conversation after an interruption. 6改善,好转,增强 Trade usually picks up in spring. 2 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 拓展Pick out 选出,挑选,区分出,pick and choose 挑三拣四pick off 去除,取走Pick up on 意识到, pick one s way 慢而当心地走Eg. Sam _C_ _some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. 2022 山东高考 A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up 6. On my way to the station my car broke down. Broke down 1机器等损坏,坏掉,出故障Eg. The car broke down on the freeway. 2关系等 破裂,失败 Eg. Negotiations between the two sides have broken down, 3使分解 Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach. 4身体垮掉, 精神崩溃 Her health broke down under the pressure of work. 拓展break in 闯入；打岔 break off 中断,折断 break into 闯入break out 爆发 ;发生 break up 驱散；分散,拆散2022四川高考 How about your journey to Mount Ermei. -Everything was wonderful except that out car _B_ twice on the way. A. slowed down B. broke down C. got down D. put down He tried to deal with the increasing burden of his work, but he finally _D_ and had to take a complete rest. A. broke off B. broke away C. broke out D. broke down 7. Although the buildings had expanded around it, it remained part of a royal palace and prison combined. Expand 扩大Expand into .使 .变大 /扩展The shipbuilding industry is rapidly expanding. Expand 常与 on 连用,意为“ 详述”单词积存Expanse n. 广袤,宽阔的区域 Expansion n. 扩展,扩大,绽开Expansive adj. 扩展性的,宽阔的,宽阔的 Expansively 扩张性地,宽阔地宽阔地二、学问要点概括1. consist of be made up of 由 组成 没有进行时e.g. The UK consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Great Britain and Northern Ireland make up the UK. Consist in 在于,存在于Consist with 与 一样Consistently 一样地,连贯地Consistency一样性,连贯性2. 区分 : separate . from 把联合在一起或靠近的人或物别离出来divide.into 把 分开把整体分为假设干部分e.g. The teacher divided the class into two groups. The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan from Fujian. 3. debate about sth. e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days. debate /argue/ quarrel 4. clarify: vt./vi. cause sth. to become clear or easier to understand 3 澄清；阐明 ;清晰；明白名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - e.g. I hope what I say will clarify the situation. Can you clarify the question. 5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 连接【习惯用语】link A to B 将A 和B连接起来 1提及,指的是 6. refer to e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us.2 参考；查阅；询问 e.g. If you don't understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries. Please refer to the last page of the book for answers. 3 关系到；关乎 e.g. What I have to say refers to all of you. This rule refers to everyone. reference: n. 参考 e.g. reference books 参考书 7. to one's surprise prep to one's + 名词 ” 表 “ 令某人 ”“常见的名词有“ delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale. To John's great relief they reached the house at last. 8. . found themselves united peacefully “ find + 宾语宾补 adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词短语；不定式”e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen. You'll find him easy to get along with. They found themselves trapped by the bush fire. When I woke up, I found myself in hospital. I called on him yesterday, but I found him out. 9. get sth done =have sth done 使某事被做 .e.g. I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come. get + n. + to do get + n. + doing You'll get her to agree. I'll get the car going. get done: 用于意想不到、突然或偶然发生,意为“被 . ”e.g. Be careful when you cross this very busy street. 10. break away from sb / sth 脱离；破除 e.g. It is not easy for him to break away from bad habits. The man broke away from his guards. 11. as well as 不仅 而且；既 又 e.g. He is a teacher as well as a writer. The children as well as their father were seen playing football in the street. 12. convenience: n. 便利；便利 convenient: adj. e.g. We bought this house for its convenience. 13. attraction: attract: v. 1. 吸引；引力 不行数 n. e.g. attraction of gravitation 重力 2. 吸引人的东西；喜闻乐见的东西；出色节目 可数 n. He can't resist the attraction of the sea on a hot day. 4 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A big city offers many and varied attractions. What are the principle attractions this evening. 14. influence 1 v. 对 产生影响 e.g. What influence you to choose a career in teaching. 2可数 n. 产生影响的人或事 e.g. He is one of the good influences in the school. e.g. A teacher has great influence over his pupils. 3 不行数 n. 影响 15. in memory of 为纪念 To the memory of .为了纪念 . In honor of 为向 表示敬意 In advance of在 前面 In behalf of 为了 的利益 In explanation of 说明 In possession of拥有 In sight of 看得见 In support of 为了支持 In defence of 保卫 In praise of 赞扬 16. 辨析 error, mistake, oversight Error 主要指在技术、道德、判定等方面的“ 错误” ,往往会引起肯定的不良后果或问题；Mistake 主要指在语言、行为等方面的“ 失误” ,程度比“error” 轻；Oversight 指由于不当心而导致的“ 疏忽” 或“ 失职” 等 三、语法总结：过去分词过去分词作宾语补足语时说明宾语是过去分词所表示动作的对象,过去分词与宾语之间有规律上的动 宾关系；在高中阶段过去分词作宾语补足语的情形通常有以下几种：1.过去分词用在表示状态的动词keep, leave 等的后面They keep the door locked for a long time. Don t leave the windows broken like this all the time. 2.“have/get+宾语 +过去分词” 可以表示两种含义：让别人做某事；遭受某种不幸I have had my bike repaired. The villagers had many trees planted just then. I ll never get all this work finished. I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month. The old man had his leg broken in the accident. He had his leg broken in the match yesterday. 3.在“make+宾语 +过去分词” 这种结构中,过去分词表示结果I raised my voice to make myself heard. They managed to make themselves understood using very simple English. 4.过去分词常用在感官动词watch, see, hear, listen to, notice, feel 等的后面When we got to school, we saw the door locked. We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops. 5.过去分词用在want, wish, like, order 等表示“ 期望,愿望,命令” 类动词的后面作宾语补足语The teacher would n t like the problem discussed at the moment. I want the suit made to his own measure. 6. 过去分词用在“with+ 宾语 +宾补” 这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back. With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden. Eg. I heard them singing in the room when I passed. The teacher explained the problem several times but still couldn t make himself understood. He was watched to put on his coat. 5 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 留意：现在分词、过去分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区分：分词作宾语补足语,要看宾语与作宾补的词所表示的动词之间的关系；假如它们之间是主动关系,就用现在分词作宾补；假如是被动关系就用过去分词作宾补；表示感觉的动词hear, see, watch, notice, observe, feel 等和使役动词have, make 等既可接分词也可接不定式；这些动词接现在分词表示主动、进行的动作,接过去分词表示被动、完成的动作,而接不定式做宾补就表示动作发生了,指事情的全过程；6 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页