中考英语总复习主谓一致ppt课件.ppt

用所给单词的适当形式填空用所给单词的适当形式填空1There _ (be) some beef on the plate.2Not only you but also she _ (have) been to Paris.3Fifty dollars _ (be) enough.4Betty with her parents _ (be) going to Beijing.5Doing morning exercise _ (make) us healthy.6Nobody _ (like) the boring match.7 . There _ (be) a number of books, but none of them_ (be) my favorite.8This is the boy who _ (want) to meet you.is is has has isis is is makes makes likes likes areare are/isare/is wantswants 1 1掌握就近一致原则。掌握就近一致原则。3 3掌握意义一致原则。掌握意义一致原则。2 2掌握语法一致原则。掌握语法一致原则。1. eitheror（要么（要么.要么要么.).)， neithernor(既不既不.也不也不.) not onlybut also( (不但不但.而且而且.).)(1)Neither you nor he _ right. 你和他都不对。你和他都不对。(2)Either you or they _ （know) the answer. 不是你们就是他们知道答案不是你们就是他们知道答案。(3) Not only he but also I _. 不仅他还有我也被邀请了。不仅他还有我也被邀请了。 A.is invited B. are invited C. am invited考点一：考点一： 就近一致原则就近一致原则 isCknow(即谓语的单、复数取即谓语的单、复数取决于离谓语最近的主决于离谓语最近的主语的单、复数形式语的单、复数形式)2there bethere be句型中，谓语动词和最靠近句型中，谓语动词和最靠近的主语一致。如：的主语一致。如：(1)There _ a table and two chairs in the room. (2)There _ two chairs and a table in the room.isare3以以herehere开头的倒装句开头的倒装句中，其谓语动词中，其谓语动词和最靠近的主语一致。如：和最靠近的主语一致。如：(1)Here _ a letter and some books for you. (2)Here _ some books and a letter for you.(3) Here _(come) the bus. isarecomes 1.单数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式；单数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式；复数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。复数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：如：考点二考点二： 语法一致原则语法一致原则(即主、谓语在语法即主、谓语在语法形式上保持一致。形式上保持一致。)(2)The children _（be) playing outside. (1)The boy _（go) to school early every morning. goesgoesareare 2.由由and或或both and连接的连接的并列成分作并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：（1）Both he and I _ （be) right.areare3主语主语后有后有with，together with，along with, as well as, like, but, except, in addition to, besides, including, without 等等介词介词短语短语，谓语动词仍要和谓语动词仍要和主语保持一致。主语保持一致。如：如：(1)Mary with her mother _ (shop) now. (2)All the students，including Tom，_(be) going to the park. is shoppingare 4. 一些只有复数意义的名词，如一些只有复数意义的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。(1) A lot of people _ （be) dancing outside. (2) The police _ （be) looking for the lost boy. areare（1）The shoes _ under the bed.（2）A pair of shoes _ under the bed.5由由两部分构成的物体两部分构成的物体名词名词，如，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors等作主语时，等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但是，如果这些名词被量词谓语动词用复数。但是，如果这些名词被量词 a pair of 等修饰时，谓语动词跟量词一致。等修饰时，谓语动词跟量词一致。如如：isare 6动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般谓语动词一般用单数用单数形式。形式。如：如：（1）Doing a lot of practice _ a good way to improve your English. （2）What I need _ a good book. isisThis is the boy who _(want)to see you.The boys who are playing football there _ my best friends. 7在定语从句中，关系代词在定语从句中，关系代词that，who，which等作主语时，其谓语动词等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致。的数应与先行词的数保持一致。wantsare (1)Twenty years _ a long time. 二十年二十年是是一段长时间一段长时间。 (2)Ten dollars _ enough. 十美元足够了十美元足够了。考点考点三：意义一致原则三：意义一致原则 1表示时间、距离、表示时间、距离、 价格价格、 度量衡度量衡等的复数名词作主语时，通常被看作一个等的复数名词作主语时，通常被看作一个整体，谓语动词常用单数。整体，谓语动词常用单数。如：如：isis(即主、谓语在意义上即主、谓语在意义上保持一致关系。保持一致关系。)isis（1）Class 1 _ the best class in this school. 一班是这所学校最好的班。一班是这所学校最好的班。(整体整体)（2）Class 1 _ the winners. 一班是胜利者。一班是胜利者。(具体成员具体成员) 2 2有些集合名词，如有些集合名词，如family， team， class，group 等作主语时，若等作主语时，若指一个整体，谓语动词用单数；若指具指一个整体，谓语动词用单数；若指具体成员，谓语动词用复数。体成员，谓语动词用复数。如：如：isare 3.3.不定代词不定代词all, most，more，some，any, the rest作主语时，如果代词指代复数作主语时，如果代词指代复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数形式；如果代词可数名词，谓语动词用复数形式；如果代词指代单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词指代单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。如：用单数形式。如： （1）All of the work _ （have) been finished. (2) All of the people _ (have) gone. hashave 4不定代词不定代词something，anything，nothing，everyone，anybody，nobody，each，neither，either，little，much，one等作主语时，谓语动词用单数等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。形式。如：如：isis(1) Someone _ waiting for you. 有人在等你。有人在等你。(2) Neither of the answers _ right. 两个答案都不对。两个答案都不对。 5.分数或百分分数或百分数数 , all，some，most，any，the rest 作作主语主语, 谓语动词要和谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词单之后的名词单复数保持一致。复数保持一致。如：如：was donework（1) Some of the work_ by me yesterday . 昨天，有一些工作是由我做的。昨天，有一些工作是由我做的。 (2) Some of the students _ ( work) hard every day. 一些学生学习很努力。一些学生学习很努力。 (1) None of the advice _ ( be) accepted. 没有建议被接受。没有建议被接受。 (2) None of the children here _ ( like) art. 这儿没有孩子喜欢艺术。这儿没有孩子喜欢艺术。 6. None of 作主语时，如果后面接作主语时，如果后面接复数名词，谓语动词可用单数形式或复复数名词，谓语动词可用单数形式或复数形式；如果后面接不可数名词，谓语数形式；如果后面接不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。如：动词用单数形式。如： like/likes like/likes waswas 7“the形容词形容词”表示一类人表示一类人(the poor，the rich，the old，the young the crowd等等)用作主语时，谓语动词用用作主语时，谓语动词用复数复数。如：如：areThe old _ taken good care of in this area.这个地区的老人被照顾得很好。这个地区的老人被照顾得很好。8. news，works（作品，工作），（作品，工作），physics，politic政治，政治，mathematics数学，数学，词貌似复数，实为单数词貌似复数，实为单数, 谓语用单数谓语用单数（1）This is one of the most moving films that I _（have）ever seen.（定语从句）（定语从句） 这是我看过的最感人的电影。这是我看过的最感人的电影。 （2）One of my classmates _（have）moved to Canada. (简单句）简单句） 9.在在one of+复数名词复数名词+who /that / w h i c h 引 导 的 从 句 结 构 中 ， 关 系 代 词引 导 的 从 句 结 构 中 ， 关 系 代 词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是而不是one，因此，从句中的动词应该是复数因此，从句中的动词应该是复数形式。如：形式。如： havehas 10“a number of ”作主语时，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；谓语动词用复数； “the number of ”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 如：如：isare（1）The number of the students in our class _ 50. 我们班学生的数量是五十个。我们班学生的数量是五十个。（2）A number of players _ from Japan. 一些队员来自日本。一些队员来自日本。用所给动词的适当形式填空。用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. _ ( be) everything OK?2. Nobody _ ( know) the answer to the question.3. Ten divided by two _ ( be) five.4. Either you or she _ ( have) made a wrong decision.5. The family _ ( be) spending last weekend together.6. Bread with butter _ ( be) her daily breakfast.7.The police _ ( be) trying to catch the thief now.8.There _(be) a lot of good news in todays newspaper. 过关测试过关测试Isknowsishaswereisareis1)_of the boys in Class4 is playing games. A. All B. Each C. The both2) Playing baseball _Dales favourite sport. A. is B. are C. were3)Everyone except Tom and John_there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was 4) I think physics _ maths. A. is so useful as B. are more useful as C. are as useful as D. is much more useful than 5)There _some Chinese and three Americans in the travelling team. A. are B. is C. has D. have BABD A6) The poet and musician _ our school today. Avisit Bvisits Cwas visiting Dare visiting7)_ the population of China？ AHow much is BHow many are CWhat is DWhat number is 8) How many students are there in your school？ _ the students in our school _ over two thousand. AThe number of; is B. The number of; are CA number of；is DA number of；are9) The knife and fork _ on the table. A. be B. is C. are D. to be BCAB就近原则就近原则: eitheror; neithernor; not onlybut also; there be; 以以here开头的句子开头的句子.语法一致原则语法一致原则:主语主语S.(单单)+谓动谓动V.(单单)； S.(复复)+ V.(复复); S.1 and S.2 +V.(复复); both S.1 and S.2 +V.(复复).语法一致原则语法一致原则: with，together with，along with but, except, in addition toS. + besides, including +V. as well as (由由S.决定）决定） like without people, police, cattle, clothes +V. (复复） 语法一致原则语法一致原则:glasses, shoes, trousers chopsticks, scissors +V. (复复） glasses shoesa pair of+ trousers +V. (单单） chopsticks scissors语法一致原则语法一致原则:动词不定式动词不定式 to do动名词动名词doing +V. (单单）从句从句clause先行词先行词+that，who，which +V. (由先行由先行 词决定）词决定） 意义一致原则意义一致原则：时间时间距离距离 （复复) +V. (单单）价格价格 度量衡度量衡family +V. (单单）team 指整体指整体 class 指具体成员指具体成员 Group +V. (复复）allmost +V. (复复）more 代代 n.n.( (复复） Someany 代代 n.n.( (单单)/)/the rest 不可数不可数n.n. +V. (单单） 意义一致原则意义一致原则：something, somebodyanything , anybodynothing，nobodyeveryone, everybody +V. (单单）each，neither，eitherlittle，much，one意义一致原则意义一致原则：分数或百分分数或百分数数 + n.n.( (复复) )+V. (复复） allSomemost Anythe rest + n.n.( (单单) ) +V. (单单） + +不可数不可数n. n. 意义一致原则意义一致原则： + n.(复复) ) + V. (单单）None of +V. (复复） +不可数不可数n. + V. (单单） the poorthe rich the old +V. (复复）the young (theadj. 表示一类人表示一类人)意义一致原则意义一致原则： One of+ n.(复复)+who/that/which +V. (复复) One of+ n.(复复) +V. (单单) a number of + n.n.( (复复) )+ +V. (复复) the number of + n.n.( (复复) )+ +V. (单单)意义一致原则意义一致原则：Finish exercises from P102 to P103 in the book.