2022年高考英语语法复习：连词.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 语法：连词Link words I must work hard, or I ll fail in the exam. "；留意谓语动词采纳就近原就；2 either or意思为 "或者 或者 连词是虚词,不能在句中单独担任成分,只起连接作用；按其用法,连词可分为两大类：并列连词Either you or I am right. Coordinate Conjunctions和从属连词 Subordinate Conjunctions；3 表示转折或对比一并列连词：连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子；1 but 表示转折, while 表示对比；Some people love cats, while others hate them. 1. 并列关系： and, not only but also , both and , neither nor 典型例题I used to live in Paris and London. - Would you like to come to dinner tonight.- I d like to, _ Im too busy.Both Jane and Jim are interested in fishing. A. and B. so C. as D. butThe weather here is neither too cold nor too hot. 答案 D；but 与前面形成转折,符合语意；而表并列的 and, 结果的 so,缘由的 as 都不符合句意；She is not only kind but also honest. 2 not but意思为 " 不是 而是 " not 和 but 后面的用词要遵循一样原就；2. 转折关系： but, yet, while 然而 , when 然而,偏偏 They were not the bones of an animal, but the bones of a human being. The car is very old but it runs very fast. 4 表缘由关系The problem was a little hard, yet I was able to work it out. 1 for The winter in Beijing is very cold while that of Kunming is warm. 判定改错：Why did you borrow the book when you had one. 错 For he is ill, he is absent today. 3. 挑选关系： or, not but , either or , 对 He is absent today, for he is ill. Would you like to live or would you like to stay. for 是并列连词,不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首,只能将其放在两个分句中间；He is not a teacher but a writer. and；2 so, therefore You can come either on Saturday or on Sunday. He hurt his leg, so he couldn t play in the game. 4. 因果关系： for 留意：It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now. a. 两个并列连词不能连用,但therefore, then, yet.可以和并列连词连用；The leaves of the trees are falling, for it s already autumn. You can watch TV, and /or you can go to bed. 5. 区分He hurt his leg, and so / and therefore he couldn t play in the game. （1）and 和 or b. althoughyet ,但 although 不与but 连用；1 并列结构中, or 通常用于否定句,and 用于确定句；错Although he was weak, but he tried his best to do the work. 2 但有时 and 也可用于否定句；请留意其不同特点：对Although he was weak, yet he tried his best to do the work. There is no air or water in the moon. 5 留意：There is no air and no water on the moon. not only but also 关联两个分句时,一个分句因有否定词not 而必需倒装；在否定中并列结构用or 连接,但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是确定结构,因此要用Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some. 典型例题neither nor 意思为 "既不 也不 " 谓语动词采纳就近原就,与nor 后的词保持一样；-I don t like chicken _ fish.-I don t like chicken, _ I like fish very much. 6 比较 so 和 such A. and； andB. and； butC. or； butD. or ；and 其规律由 so 与 such 的不同词性打算；such 是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组,so 是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词；so 仍可与表示数量的形容词many,few,much, little 连用,形成固定搭配；答案 C；否定句中表并列用or, but 表转折；so + adj.such + an + n. 判定改错：错 We will die without air and water. so + adj. + an + n.such + n. pl. 错 We can t live without air or water. so + adj. + n. pl.such +n. pl.对 We will die without air or water. so + adj. + n. 不行数 such +n. 不行数 对 We can t live without air and water. so foolishsuch a fool2 表示挑选的并列结构so nice a flowersuch a nice flower 1 or意思为 "否就 "；so many/ few flowerssuch nice flowers 1 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - so much/little money.such rapid progresssuch 搭配；They didnt talk（连续） until till the interpreter （译员） came. till 就不行,so many peoplesuch a lot of people He didn t go to bed（非连续） until till the his father came back. ； until 可以放在句首,so many 已成固定搭配,a lot of 虽相当于many,但 a lot of 为名词性的,只能用例如： Until the last minute of the match we kept on playing. Not until he finished his work did he go home.（倒装）； till, until 只用于时间,so that 与 such that 之间的转换即为so 与 such 之间的转换；二从属连词：指在复合句中引导从句的连结词；常见的从属连词有：以下句子是错误的：We walked till the edge of the forest. （要用 as far as或 to）； 4、because, since, as 引导缘由状语时留意使用上的区分：引导时间状语从句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as 假如缘由构成句子的最主要部分 ,一般用 because ,因此 because引导的从句往往放在句末；用 why 提问引导缘由状语从句的：because, since, as 的句子,肯定用 because回答；引导让步状语从句的：although, though, no matter （无论） , even if though 例如： He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill.；引导条件状语从句的：if, unless, once, as so long as 如缘由已为人们所知,或不如句子的其他部分重要,就用 as,或 since；since 比 as 更正式些； as 和引导结果状语从句的：so, so that, so that , such that since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头；引导目的状语从句的：so, so that , in order that 例如： As you are tired, you had better rest./ Since everyone is here, now lets begin.引导比较状语从句的：as as , not so as, as, than 5、although 和 though 引导让步状语从句往往用法一样,但留意以下区分：引导方式状语从句的：as, as if , as though although 用于各种文体,而 though 就多用于非正式的口语或书面语中；留意由 although, though 引导引导地点状语从句的：where , wherever 的从句后,主句不能用 but,但可用副词 yet, still ；引导名词性从句 （主语, 宾语、表语或同位语从句）的连词主要有：that, whether, if 三个； 其中 that 例如： Although/ Though it rained all the morning, they still went on working.（或 yet they went on working ）和 whether 间或仍可以引起同位从句和状语从句；though 常与 even 连用, even though 表示强调,意为“即使 ”,但不能说 even although,（一）某些用法比较特殊的从属连词用法区分 例如： Even though I didn t understand a word, I dept smiling. 1、当 while, when, as 引导时间状语从句时的区分：though 可用作副词,意为“然而 ”,常用逗号与句子分开；although 就不能这样使用,它只作连词；while 引导的状语从句中动词必需是连续性；谓语动词多为进行时,或状态动词的一般时；while 的 例如： It was a quiet party, I had a good time, though. 这些用法可用 when 代替,等于“ at the time that” , “ during the time that” 6、once 作副词译 “ 曾经 ”,作为连词译 “ 一旦 ” ,引导条件状语从句；相当于 if 的加强形式；例如： Please keep quiet while when others are studying ；例如： I don t believe he was once a thief. once这里是副词 / when 除可指一段时间外,仍可用来指一点时间,等于“ at the time, when 引出的时间状语从句中 Once Aristotle had made up his mind that heavy objects always fell faster than light objects, he taught it 的谓语动词可以是终止性的,也可以是连续性的；因此主句和从句的谓语可以是一般时,进行时,或完 as a truth to his students. once 连词 成时；7、unless 引导条件状语从句等于 if not ；例如： When I went into the lab, the teacher was doing an experiment. （不能用 while ）例如： Hell accept the job unless the salary is too low. = Hell accept the job if the sa lary is not too low. He often makes mistakes when he is speaking English. （when 可换成 while ） 8、在用 as if 引导的方式状语从句及表语从句中,依据情形要使用虚拟语气；as常可与 when,while 通用,但强调 “ 一边、一边 ” ；例如： He talks as if he knew all about it. 但有时也可用直陈语气；例如： As when, while I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of number 37. It looks as if it is going to rain. when 引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一样,主、谓是“主语 +系动词 ”结构时,这时主语和系动词 9、whether, if 引导从句的用法区分：可以省略；引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时,用 whether,不用 if ；例如： When he was young, he worked for a rich man. 例如： Whether they will go to the Great Wall is not known./ Shell be here to give you help when if it is necessary. m free.The question is whether we can finish the task on time./ when 有时代替 if ,引导条件句,意为“ 假如 ” 、“假如 ”,例如： I ll come when if IThe question whether we will take part in the physics contest has not been decided. 2、before 作连词一般表示时间,意为“ 在 之前 ” ,但有些句子中这样译就显得别扭；试看以下句子的whether 可接不定式,而if 就不行；例如：I haven t decided whether to leave or not.whether 可作介词的宾语或置于句首表示强调,而if 就不行；翻译： He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他几乎把我撞倒才观察我；Before I could get in a word he had measured me. 我仍没来得及插话,他已经给我量好了尺寸；例如： Everything depends on whether we have enough money./ 3、till, until作为介词式从属连词引导时间状语短语或状语从句,用于否定句时, 结构为 not until till ,Whether he will come, I am not sure. if 引导的宾语从句可以主句谓语动词连续与非连续皆可,意为 “ 直到 才 ” ；用于确定句时, 只与连续性动词连用,表示 “ 到 whether 和 if 均可引导宾语从句,whether 引导的宾语从句一般都是确定句,为止 ”；是确定的,也可以是否定的（此时不能用whether）,例如： They played volleyball until till it got dark. 2 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I wonder if it doesn t rain. whether、if【考点实训】引导宾语从句的whether 和 if 常可与 or not 连用；连用时要留意or not 的位置,它一般与1. She just sits there reading her story book, _ I do all the work. 分开使用,有时它可与whether 合起来使用,但不能与if 合起来使用；A. until B. while C. because D. though 例如： I don t know whether/ if they will come or not./ 2. Their economy has expanded enormously, _ ours, by contrast, has declined. I don t know whether or not they will come.A. while B. unless C. in case D. which if 可用来引导条件状语从句,译“假如 ” ,whether 就不行；3. Could you watch my bags for me, _ I go to the toilet. 例如： If you work hard, you are sure to succeed. A. though B. unless C. what D. while 10、as作从属连词可引导多种状语从句；4. The professor is typing his own letters _ his secretary is ill. as引导时间状语从句,意为“当 时” ；A. what B. which C. if D. while 例如： As he was a young man, he was a storekeeper and later a postmaster./ He sang as he worked. 5. She said she was going to the shops and asked me whether I wanted anything _ she was out. as引导方式状语从句,意为“象 一样 ”；例如： We must do as the Party teaches us. A. though B. while C. which D. before as引导缘由状语从句；意为“由于 ” ,例如： As you are tired, you had better rest. 6. Tea is the most popular drink, _coffee comes second. as引导让步状语从句；意为“虽然 ” 、“ 尽管 ” Child as he is, he can do it well. = Although he is a child, he A. since B. until C. what D. while can do it well. 另外, as做为关系代词仍可以引导定语从句,如：I have the same book as you. 7. Schools in the north tend to be better equipped, _ those in the south are relatively poor. 连词 while 是高考一个命题的热点,你知道其考点主要涉及哪些方面吗？A. since B. before C. while D. because 8. It is no accident that men fill most of the top jobs in nursing, _ women remain on the lower grades. 一、考查表示时间的用法,其意为“ 当 的时候”；如：. A. after B. since C. while D. which We must strike while the iron is hot. 我们要趁热打铁；9. _ trying to open the can, I cut my hand. Stand still while I take your photograph. 我给你拍照时站着不要动；A. Though B. Because C. For D. While Have we got enough books to read while we are on holiday. 假期里我们有足够的书看吗10. Some people prefer a vegetarian diet, _ others prefer a meat-based diet. Were there any calls for me while I was out. 我出去的时候,有人来过电话吗. A. though B. while C. which D. for She hates anyone listening while she is telephoning. 她打电话时不愿让任何人听；11. He didn t ask me in; he kept me standing at the door _ he read the message. 二、考查表示让步的用法,其意为“ 尽管”“ 虽然” ；如：A. while B. before C. after D. which While the work was difficult, it was interesting. 虽然工作有难度,但很好玩；12. Now s the time to buy a car, _ the interest rates are low. While I understand what you say, I can t agree with you. 虽然我懂得你的意思,但我仍是不同意；A. but B. which C. while D. until 三、考查表示对比的用法,其意为“ 而”“ 但” ；如：13. The couple took good care of the baby _ occupied by their work. Some people waste food while others haven t enough. 一些人糟踏食物而另一些人却食不果腹；A. while B. after C. which D. since I went swimming while the others played tennis. 我去游泳,而其余的人就去打网球了；14. How did you spend your time _ you were on holiday. Prices are rising sharply, while incomes are lagging far behind. 物价飞涨而收入却远远落后；A. although B. while C. which D. since 注：这样用时,while 引出的句子通常位于末,但有时也可位于句首；如：15. Because Jane had once had a bad accident _ driving, she was afraid to try it again. While most children learn to read easily, some need extra help. 大多数儿童学会阅读很简单,有一些儿童却 A. though B. unless C. for D. while 需要特殊帮忙；While Deauville is a holiday resort, Trouville is more of a working town. 特维尔是个度假胜地,而特鲁维尔（以上答案均是while ）更多的却是个工业城市；be 时,通常可省略从句主语四、考查其省略用法,即主句与从句主语相同,且从句谓语动词含有动词和动词 be；如：While he was in prison, she wrote her first novel. 她在狱中写出了第一部小说；He had strayed from home while still a boy. 他小时候就离开家处处流浪了；He fell asleep while he was doing his homework. 他做着做着功课就睡着了；I was only listening to the radio with half an ear, while I was preparing some food. 我正在做吃的东西,没太留心听收音机；3 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 练习连词A. so B. as C. like D. that 21. My sister is expecting me,_ I must be off now. 1 .He is very old,_ he still works very hard. A. however B. or C. so D. otherwise A. but B.if C.when D.as 22. We should pay attention _ to industry _ to agriculture. 2. _ you are dismissed. A. either, or B. neither, nor C. not, but D. both, and A. Neither you go nor B. Either you go or C. Whether you go or D. Both you go and 23. He ran off_ I could stop him. 3. They had camped once before, _ they knew what to take. A. before B. after C. since D. when A. because B. now C. so D. since 24._ you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 4. Why these things happened was _ the driver had been careless. A. Till B. Until C. After D. Since A. because of B. owing to C. due to D. that 25. Where have you been _ you left home. 5. Although, it's raining, _are still working in the fields. A. before B. as C. since D. when A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they 26._ the problem of method is solved, talking about the task is useless. 6._we have satisfied you, you have no grounds of complaint. A. Until B. Since C. After D. Unless A. So B. Since that C. Now that D. By now. 27. We have produced 15% more cotton this year_ we did last year. 7. Write clearly _ your teacher can understand .you correctly. A. as B. than C. like D. white A. since B. for C. because D. so that 28.It is late; _, I'm too tired to go out. 8.You'll miss the train _ you hurry up. A. besides B. except C. except for D. except that A. unless B. as C. if D. until 29. Everything around us is _ solid .liquid _ gas. 9. Francis did the task_ his brother. A. not . .but. B. either. .or. C. neither. .nor. D. whether. .or. A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best as 30. He will come _ you ask him. 10.The size of the audience,_ we had expected, was well over twenty thousand. A. whether B. unless C. if D. while A. as B. what C. that D. whom 31._ he will come or not is still unknown. 11.I thought he hated the TV .You are right,_ he still watches the program. A. If B. Where C. That D. Whether A. yet B. besides C. also D. then 32.I don' t know _ to stay at home or go out. 12. It looks _ it's going to rain. A. whether B. if C. how D. where A. that B. as C. as if D. like that 33. He spoke loudly _ the audience could hear him clearly. 13._ to New York, her father has not heard from her. A. so B. that C. so that D. in order to A. Because she went