2022年高一英语课文知识点与讲解..docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1.be good to 对待 对比 :be good for 对 有好处2.add up 特殊留意有关的几个词组 : add to 给 添加 , 把 加到上add to 增加, 增加add up 把 加起来add up to 合计达 *If you add 5 to 5, you get 10. *She added sugar to the tea. *If you add some pictures to your report, that will be better. *The bad weather added to our difficulties. *Every time I add these figures up , I get a different answer. *His monthly income added up to no more than $1,000. 翻译: 请对我的话做些补充；名师归纳总结 Please add something to what I ve said.第 1 页,共 25 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 请帮我把这些数字加起来；Please add up these figures for me. 3.upsetupset,upsetvt. 使伤心、担心 ; adj. 伤心的 , 担心的 *Losing the game upset her. *His friend s death upset him very much.*I ll be really upset if you don t come.*I was very upset to see she was hurt. *You look upset -what s happened.4.ignore vt. 忽视, 没留意 ; 不理会 *Even the most careful person may ignore it. *It s a question that can be easily ignored .*I greeted him, but he ignored me. 5.calm adj. 安静的 , 冷静的 ; 风平浪静的 vt. 使安静 *After the storm, the sea was calm again. *Keep calm in time of danger. *Don t be nervous; calm yourself, please.calm down 安静下来名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - *I told him to calm down. 6.concern vt. 关系到 , 和 有关 ; 使关怀*This matter concerns all of us. *I m not concerned with this matter again.be concerned about关怀 ; 为 担忧*Please don t be concerned about me.7.go through 经受, 经受; 批阅 , 检查*Most families went through a lot during the war. *I cant go through these letters in an hour. 8. “ make her diary her best friend”“ call my friend Kitty”make 和 call 都能以名词作宾语补足语 , 即make+sb./sth.+n. 使某人 / 某物成为call+sb./sth.+n. 称某人 / 某物为 *We must try to make our country a strong one. *All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. *We called messenger msn in short. *What do you call it. 9.everything to do with nature 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - something/anything/everything/nothing to do with 与 有 关 / 无关 *What he is doing has nothing to do with his work. 10.far too much 实在太多 too much+n. 太多 , 超过某人的才能 far/much too+adj./adv. 实在太 too much homework The work is too much for a boy like him. It s much/far too hot today much/ far too much 实在太多11.suffer vi. 受苦 , 受痛楚 , 受缺失 vt. 受到 , 遭受 *He suffered terribly when his mother died. *He looked pale, and seemed to have suffered a lot/a great deal. *We suffered a set-back/no pain. 遭受, 患 病 suffer from *I suffered much from lack of rest. suffer from cold/cancer 名师归纳总结 12.recover vt. 复原 vi. 痊愈第 4 页,共 25 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - *She recovered her health. *Amy is recovering from a severe illness. *He is unlikely to recover . 13.get tired of 对 开头感到厌烦 表动作 be tired of 对 感到厌烦 表状态 和 相处 ; 进展 14.get along with *They get along quite well with each other. *How are you getting along with your classmates. *How are you getting along with your English. *I m getting along well with my study. 15.exactly adv. 准确地 ; 正是 ; 说的对 re doing. *That s *You must tell me exactly what youexactly what I want. *It looks exactly like an elephant s leg. *Exactly .=That s right.16.grateful adj. 感谢的*I m very grateful to you for your advice.=Thank you very much for your advice. 17.join A. 参与, 加入 成为其中的成员名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - *He joined the army/the Party 3 years ago. *He is too young to join the club. B.join sb. 和某人一起 从事某活动 *Will you join us for dinner. *I ll join you later.*May I join you in the game. C.join in 参与某活动 =take part in *A lot of newcomers joined in the discussion. *May I join in the game. Useful expressions 名师归纳总结 another time 别的时间第 6 页,共 25 页go on holiday 去度假cheat in the exam 考试中作弊make a list of 列出 be crazy about 对 狂热 / 迷恋remember well 记得特别清晰draw the curtain 拉上窗帘have trouble with sth. 某事有困难have trouble in doing 做某事有困难- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - in that way 假如那样take one s advice 接受某人的建议keep a diary 1. “learners. ”“ Why do you think people want to learn English.”留意此类句子的语序 : 特殊疑问词 + 插入语 + 陈述语 序*What do you think has happened to him. 对比 :What are you doing. What do you think you are doing. 除 do you think guess 也可这样用外, do you suppose, do you believe, do you *Where do you suppose they have gone. 2.because 和 because of *We were late because it rained. We were late because of the rain. *He no longer works here because he is old. He no longer works here because of his old age. 用 because of 改写句子 : 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - *He didn t go to school because he was ill.*He di dn t come because his leg was broken *We had to stay at home because the weather was bad. *I realized that she was upset _what I had said. 3.actually 实际上表示同类意思的仍有 : in fact, as a matter of fact, in reality 4.be based on 依据, 以 为基础 该词组来源于 base sth. on sth. 把 建立在基础 上*Alice always bases her opinions on the facts. =Alice s opinions are always based on the facts. be concerned about 来 源 于 concern oneself about be tired of 来源于 tired of 5.the English language 英语此时要用定冠词 the 对比: *He can speak English. He can speak the English language. *Chinese is difficult to learn. The Chinese language is difficult to learn. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - *I ve learned Japanese for five years.I ve learned the Japanese language for five years. 6.vocabulary *English has a much larger vocabulary than French. *The child has a very large vocabulary for his age. *He has a vocabulary of about 5,000 English words. *Your vocabulary is too small; you should learn more words. 7.the 1600s或 the 1600 s 十七世纪读作 the sixteen hundreds the 1980 s/the 1980s 二十世纪八十岁月 8.make use of 利用 我们必需好好利用时间；*We must make good use of our time. 这本字典应当充分利用；*The dictionary should be made full use of. Full use must be made of the dictionary. 9.the latter 两个中后者the former , the latter前者 , 后者 *John and James are brothers. The former is a teacher; the latter is an engineer. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - *Of the pig and the cow, the latter is more valuable. 10.a number of 和 the number of 对比: *A number of students in our college are from the south. *The number of the students who are from the south is small. a number of 后跟可数名词复数 , 谓语动词用复数 ; the number of 后跟可数名词复数 , 谓语动词用单数； 11.hold on 坚持; 别挂断 *Hold on; everything will be all right. *Hold on a minute. *If you hold on for a moment, I ll get him for you. 12.play a part/role in 起作用 ; 扮演角色 *She played an important part/role in winning the match. *What part/role did he play. *He played a leading part/role in the film. 13.recognise vt. 认出 , 承认, 熟悉到 *Dogs recognize people by their smell. 当我那天去机场接他时 , 他一开头没认出我； *When I met him at the airport the other day, he didn t recognize me at first.*The United States does not recognize the PLO. Useful expressions 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - official language 官方语言than ever before 比以往任何时候都更native English speaker 以英语为母语的人even if/though 即使, 尽管over time 在一段时间里 communicate with 和 沟通 / 交际time will tell 时间会说明一切English speaking country 说英语的国家without a second thought 脱口而出leave for 离开去 on the phone 在电话里believe it or not 信不信由你1.prefer A.prefer sth. *Which do you prefer. I prefer the blue one. B.prefer sth.A to sth.B *I prefer the town to the big city. C.prefer to do/ doing 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - *I prefer being alone. *I prefer to take a walk after supper. D.prefer doing A to doing B *I prefer walking there to going by bus. E.prefer to do A rather than do B *I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus. F.prefer sb. to do *I prefer you to stay at home. 2.ever since=since自从 prep. conj. & adv. *I haven t been back to my hometown ever since childhood. *I haven t been back to my hometown ever since I left 30 years ago. *I left my hometown 30 years ago and haven t been back there ever since. *He returned home in 2001 and has stayed there ever since. *He has stayed there ever since 2001. *The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945, and their power _ increased enormously ever since. A. is B. was C. has been D. had been 答案为 C 3.persuade 名师归纳总结 persuade sb. to do sth说服某人做某事第 12 页,共 25 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - *Finally we persuaded him to come with us. *He persuaded me to buy the house and now I m glad he did. 留意: 假如说而不服就应当说 : advise sb. to do或 try to persuade sb. to do *I advisedtried to persuade him to give up smoking but he wouldn t listen. 4.graduate vi. 毕业 ; n. 毕业生 ; adj . 研究生的*He graduated from university last year. *He graduated in engineering last year. a college graduate 高校毕业生a graduate student 讨论生5.It was my sister who这是个强调句；强调句的句型 : It is/was+ 被强调部分 +that 分别对非强调句中划线部分强调*It was I that/who met him in the park yesterday. 强调人而且作主语时可用 who *It was him that I met in the park yesterday. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - *It was in the park that I met him yesterday. *It was yesterday that I met him in the park. 2 一般疑问句的强调句只 需 把 “ It is/was+被 强 调 部 分 +that ”改 为“ Is/Was it+被强调部分+that ”即可；3 特殊疑问句的强调句*He didn t come t come. Why was It was because he was illthat he didnit that he didnt come.*Who was it that met him in the park yesterday. *When was it that you met him in the park. *Where was it that you met him yesterday. *Whom/Whowas it that you met in the park yesterday. *How long was it that he stayed in London. 4 特殊留意 not until 如何变为强调句*He didn t go to bed It was not until we came back that he went to bed. 5 强调句的特点 : 名师归纳总结 1 必需要有 it, be动词和 that, 缺一不行；第 14 页,共 25 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2 被强调部分必需是代词 , 名词, 时间副词和地点 副词以及从 句；3 犹如非强调句可改为强调句一样, 强调句也应能够仍原成非强调句；6.where it begins 在它 河开头的地方 where 可作连词 , 引导地点状语从句 , 意为 “在 / 到 的地 方 ” .*This is where I was born. *The book is where you put it yesterday. *Take him where it s quiet.*I will meet you where we first met. *Bamboo grows best where it s warm and wet. 7.be fond of*Which subject are you fond of. I m fond of geography.*She s fond of speaking English.对比: *-Which subject do you like. -I like geography. *She likes speaking English. 8.way of doing sth做某事的方式 / 方法名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 也可说 way to do sth. 9.insist vt.&vi. 坚持要求 , 肯定要 A.insist on doing *He insisted on leaving right now. *I insist on knowing the truth. *I insist on you giving us reply. *I insisted upon her staying in London. *I insisted on being told the truth. *We insisted on him being sent to hospital at once. B.insist that 从句中用 should+ 原形或只用原形 *We insisted that he should be sent to hospital at once. *I insist he go at once. *He insisted the plan be carried out as soon as possible. 假如表示“坚持认为 , 坚持说 ” , 就从句动词形式不受限制；10.determined adj. 决心, 坚决的 *I m determined not to follow his advice.*They are determined to win the game. *She is a determined woman, who always gets what she wants. 11.an altitude of 5,000 metres 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 类似的说法 : *China has a population of 1.3 billion. *China has an area of 9.6 million square kilometers. *The Mekong has a length of more than 4,000 km. *He was driving at a speed of 80 km an hour. 12.once conj. 一旦 *Once you make a promise, you should keep it. *Once you show fear, he will attack you. 13.make up one s mind *He made up his mind to learn English well. *They made up their minds to cycle along the Mekong. =They decided to cycle along the Mekong. =They were determined to cycle along the Mekong. 14.give into vi. 向 让步, 向 屈服 *In the end I had to give in. *Don t give in to him.give up vt. 舍弃 *He gave up his job to look after his invalid mother. *I give up smoking ten years ago. 15.through the valley, across through the doorwindow, wall, tunnel, forest, city, crowd, valley, street 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - across the riversquare, street, desert, lake, bridge, surface, room, hall 16.bend vt. 使弯曲 vi. 弯腰 , 拐弯 n. 拐弯处*He bent his head and hurried on. *What will happen if I bend the ruler. *He bent down and picked it up. *The river bends westward. *The river is full of bends. 17.attitude to/towards 对 的态度 s WangWei s attitude to/towards the trip. *What18.change for 以 换 *change the house for a larger one *Change your dirty clothes for clean ones Useful expressions 利和弊 advantage and disadvantage a form of transport 交通方式 fill in 填写 grow up 成长, 长大名师归纳总结 know sb./sth. well 对 很明白第 18 页,共 25 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - make up a dialogue 编对话all day 成天like clockwork 顺当地 ; 有规律地give up 舍弃, 停止field trip 校外考察旅行the weather forecast 天气预报the river bank 河岸medical training 医疗培训blocks of ice 大冰块That s what we look like. 我们看上去就这个样； be dressed in 穿着 the setting sun 落日put up the tent 搭帐篷for company 陪伴, 作伴can t wait to do sth1.think little/badly of; that plan. 对 不在意 *I think little of *He thought badly of me before. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 19 页,共 25 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - think much/highly/well of 对 评判很高2.as if/as though 似乎, 似乎A. 以 “ it looks/seems as if+句子 ”的形式显现*It looks as if it s going to rain.*It seems as if we ll have to walk home.B. 以 “主语 +look/seem/taste/smell/feel if ”的形式显现等系动词 +as *The milk tastes as if it has already gone bad. *He looked as if he were a stranger here. *She felt as if something bad would happen. C. 以 as if 从句作状语的形式显现*I love you as if you were my own chil