2022高考英语二轮复习小综合训练17含解析.doc

小综合训练17对应学生用书P154.阅读理解Scientists have suggested trapping(收集) carbon dioxide in rocks as one way to slow the rate of climate change. But they haven't come up with an easy way to do it until now, anyway. Researchers in Canada have just proposed a new technology to collect and trap the greenhouse gas.Limestone (石灰岩) and other minerals already store a lot of carbon dioxide on the earth, notes Ian Power.He's a geoscientist at Trent University in Peterborough, Canada. The problemthis natural process is slow. It can take thousands or even millions of years. At present, he explains，“We're producing so much carbon dioxide now that the earth can't keep up.”They found that a mineral called magnesite (菱镁矿) locks up carbon dioxide. A ton of this mineral can store about half a ton of carbon dioxide. The chemical normally takes thousands of years to form. But in the lab，Power's group made it happen in just a few months.Magnesite occurs naturally. But the process by which it forms on the earth's surface is very, very slow. So scientists try to combine rocks and carbon dioxide using lots of heat in the lab. That could make the mineral quicklybut there are a lot of problems to deal with to produce magnesite in the lab as well as consuming a lot of costly energy.So far, the scientists have made only a tiny amount of magnesite in the lab. The totalone microgramis about one millionth the weight of a paper clip. “So the process needs a lot of improvement before it can begin trapping the millions of tons of carbon dioxide produced each year，”says Power. “But a big concern has been overcome，”he says. “They've shown it is possible to do this at room temperature and pressure. Now the team can explore how to make the process more efficient.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普说明文。加拿大的科学家想通过实验室生产出一种菱镁矿，用它来吸收地球上的温室气体二氧化碳，虽然在室温下就可进行这个试验，但效率仍然很低。1Why do scientists try to make magnesite in labs?ATo show how advanced their technology is.BTo help slow the speed of global warming.CTo create more new materials for mankind.DTo prevent carbon dioxide from being sent into the air.解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句话可知，科学家在实验室制造菱镁矿的目的就是想用它来吸收二氧化碳，从而减缓气候变化的速度。故选B。答案B2How many kilos of carbon dioxide are locked up in five kilos of magnesite?A2 kilos.B5 kilos.C3 kilos.D2.5 kilos.解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“A ton of this mineral can store about half a ton of carbon dioxide.”可知，一吨菱镁矿可以储存半吨的二氧化碳。故选D。答案D3What do we know about producing magnesite in labs?AIt is easy to do.BIts process is complex.CIt is energy consuming.DIt takes thousands of years.解析细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，在实验室制造菱镁矿需要耗费大量昂贵的能源。故选C。答案C4What can we infer from the last paragraph?AUsing minerals to trap carbon dioxide has a long way to go.BMass production of magnesite is on the way.CMagnesite can't be made at room temperature.DMost scientists think little of this new method.解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So the process needs a lot of improvement before it can begin trapping the millions of tons of carbon dioxide produced each year”可推知，用这种人工合成的矿物吸收二氧化碳还需要很多改进。故选A。答案A.完形填空Lehrner always wanted to design roller coasters. Even as a(n) _1_， though, she knew that there had to be more to it than just hopping on board. “I started _2_ how I would prepare，”she said. She looked to science and math and _3_ advanced classes in algebra and geometry in middle school and high school.Then she took even more _4_ math and a high­level physics course.She also _5_ theme parks as often as she could and researched the _6_ of those coasters online. When it came time for _7_， she went to the Colorado School of Mines in Golden, where she _8_ a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering.Now Lehrner works with amusement parks to design and _9_ new coasters. These new coasters they design are _10_ made of wood, except for a metal _11_ on which the cars run. The basic design has been around for more than a century. Still, Lehrner notes, each new one is different.“A lot of the same _12_ and concepts are used when I design new coasters. But they _13_ with the terrain (地势) and design. That tells us what the limits will behow tight the bends and how _14_ the hills are.”Some parks _15_ their coasters to be as scary as possible. That means big _16_ and quick turns and lots of inversions. Lehrner is _17_ at making twisted wood coasters. The coasters she _18_ make you feel as if you're going _19_ than you really are because the tracks are lower to the ground. “We also try to build rides that are fun for the whole _20_children as well as their parents.” she said.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Lehrner从小就想设计过山车，于是她努力学习数学、物理等学科，现在她为多家游乐场设计、建造木质过山车。1A.geniusBkidCteacherDinventor解析根据下文可知，此处指Lehrner从小就想设计过山车。as a kid意为“小时候”。故选B。答案B2A.thinking aboutBgoing overCwriting downDdreaming of解析根据下文中的“She looked to science and math.”可知，为了将来能够设计过山车，她很关注科学和数学。说明她从小就开始考虑(think about)如何为设计过山车做准备。故选A。 dream of“梦想；梦见”不符合句意。答案A3A.broughtBresearchedCtookDgave解析此处take classes“上课”，为习惯搭配。故选C。答案C4A.classicalBancientCpracticalDadvanced解析承接上句，再根据even more表达的语气，此处指更高级的(advanced)数学。故选D。答案D5A.visitedBcreatedCsponsoredDmanaged解析根据常识可判断，为了研究过山车，她经常光顾(visit)主题公园。不是经常创造(creat)、资助(sponsor)或管理(manage)主题公园。故选A。答案A6A.parksBmakersCthemesDplayers解析根据上下文，Lehrner关注的是过山车的设计，再根据空格后面的定语“of those coasters”可知，此处应指过山车的制造者(maker)，而不是玩家(player)或主题(theme)。故选B。答案B7A.vacationBgraduationCcollegeDdecision解析根据后文“she _8_ a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering”可知，“the Colorado School of Mines”是一所高等院校，所以此处指上大学(college)的时候。故选C。答案C8A.madeBboughtCresearchedDgot解析get a degree“获得学位”，为习惯搭配。答案D9A.discoverBlearnCbuildDpurchase解析根据句意可知，Lehrner和游乐园的工人一起建造(build)新的过山车。故选C。答案C10A.largelyBcompletelyCcarefullyDpossibly解析根据后文的“except for a metal.”可知，此处指过山车大部分(largely)是用木头建造的。故选A。答案A11A.coverBframeCfenceDtrack解析根据后面的定语从句可知，此处指金属制造的铁轨(track)。故选D。答案D12A.metalsBcomponentsCcolorsDplans解析根据后文“But they _13_ with the terrain(地势)and design.”可知此处不是指颜色(color)和计划(plan)；根据前文可知，Lehrner设计的过山车大部分为木质，所以排除A。故选B。答案B13A.agreeBcompareCchangeDdeal解析此处意为“我使用了很多相同的组件和概念。但随着地形和设计的变化而变化(change)。”故选C。答案C14A.beautifulBdangerousCmuchDhigh解析地势的不同让我们知道过山车的弯应有多急，山应有多高。此处指山的高度。故选D。答案D15A.wantBconsiderChateDimagine解析Lehrner 为公园设计过山车，有的公园希望(want)他们的过山车尽量吓人，此处指公园一方的要求。故选A。答案A16A.dropsBcoastersCseatsDcarriages解析根据常识可知，过山车要想刺激，降幅要大，转弯要快，倒悬要多。big drops“大的降幅”。故选A。答案A17A.amazedBexpertCpleasedDexcited解析此处指Lehrner很擅长制造木质过山车，be expert at“擅长于”，为固定搭配。故选B。答案B18A.ridesBenjoysCdesignsDstudies解析根据文章内容，此处应指Lehrner所设计(design)的过山车。故选C。答案C19A.slowerBcrazierCfurtherDfaster解析根据本段第一句“Some parks _15_ their coasters to be as scary as possible.”可知，既然一些公园希望他们的过山车尽量刺激，那么所设计的过山车应该让乘坐人员感觉上比实际要快(faster)。故选D。答案D20A.familyBcommunityCplaceDsociety解析根据破折号后的“children as well as their parents”可知，此处应指全家(family)。故选A。答案A.语法填空The US has the world's _1_ (large) music market and its music reflects the country's multi­ethnic population through a diverse range of _2_ (style). Rock and roll, blues, country and pop music are _3_ (think) to be the country's most internationally famous genres (类型)_4_ (originate) at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities, jazz was a _5_ (combine) of African and European music traditions. Though it was _6_ (probable) a kind of dance music in the beginning, it gradually became a major element of Western classical music._7_ important branch can't be ignored is rock & roll, which had roots in early American pop, but the black­performed rock & roll didn't receive mainstream success _8_ the white performer Elvis Presley first _9_ (appeal) to mainstream audiences with a black style of music. It is he _10_ became one of the best­selling musicians in history and brought rock & roll to audiences across the world.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._答案与解析【语篇解读】本文为说明文，简述了美国主要的音乐流派及其影响力。1largest考查形容词最高级的用法。根据语境信息可知，美国拥有全世界最大的音乐市场。2styles考查名词的单复数。根据设空前a diverse range of可知此处应使用复数。3thought考查被动语态。摇滚乐、蓝调音乐、乡村乐和流行乐都被看作是美国享誉国际的音乐流派。4Originating考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词与句子主语jazz为逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词。5combination考查词性转换。根据设空前冠词a可知，此处应使用名词形式。6probably考查词性转换。此处用副词修饰全句。7Another考查代词。根据语境，上段已提及爵士乐这一流派，故本段应为另一个音乐流派的介绍，故用another“又一；再一”。8until考查连词。 not.until“直到才”。9appealed考查时态。根据本段主要时态可知本空也应使用一般过去时。10that/who考查强调句。强调句基本结构为It is/was被强调部分that其他成分，当被强调部分为“人”时，也可使用who代替that。