2022高考英语 提高得分点看“面”（专题集训） 介词（短语）.doc

名师首选提高得分点看“面”（专题集训）：介词（短语）1(2013·新课标全国卷)A serious study of physics is impossible _ some knowledge of mathematics.Aagainst BbeforeCbeyond Dwithout解析：选D考查介词辨析。句意：没有一些数学知识，不可能有严谨的物理研究。without在此表示条件。2(2013·新课标全国卷)It was a real race _ time to get the project done.Luckily, we made it.Aover BbyCfor Dagainst解析：选D考查介词辨析。句意：为了完成这个项目，我们简直是在和时间赛跑啊。幸运的是，我们做到了。against表示“与比赛”，符合句意。3(2012·北京高考)Do you think this shirt is too tight _ the shoulders?Aat BonCto Dacross解析：选D考查介词。句意：你觉得这件衬衣的肩部是不是太紧了？across表示“从一边到另一边”，符合句意。近几年常考的介词中，一词多义或较难的有：1 Against(表示方位)倚靠着； (表示态度)反对；(表示对比)以为背景An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.(2012·陕西高考)看来意见达成一致是不可能了，因为大多数委员会成员都表示反对。2off(表示位置)在的外面，在的沿海； (表示方向)偏离；从离开The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place off the main road at the far end of the lake.(2012·辽宁高考)Well Hotel坐落于湖尽头的大路附近一个非常安静的地方。3over(表示位置)在的正上方，在的上面； (表示方向)越过；(表示等级或数目)高于，在之上，超过；(表示时间或过程)在期间I'm sorry I didn't phone you, but I've been very busy over the past couple of weeks.(2011·山东高考)很抱歉我没有给您打电话，但是在过去的两周里我一直很忙。4beyond(表示位置)在另一边，在更远处； (表示程度)超出，非所能及Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her moving story.(2009·全国卷)听了她感人的故事，大家都被感动的无以言表。5with(表示关系)和在一起；(表示状态)具有，带有；(表示方式)用，凭借；(表示对象)关于 ；(表示伴随)随着；(表示原因)由于，因为The dictionary is what I want, but I don't have enough money with me.(2010·重庆高考)这本词典是我想要的东西，但我身上没带那么多钱。6Through(表示位置)穿过；(表示时间)整个；(表示手段、媒介)依据，经由Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you through the tough years.(2010·重庆高考)毕业时是向那些在艰难岁月里帮助过你的人表示感谢的好机会。固定搭配法固定搭配中介词(短语)的考查是重点，主要包括与动词、名词、形容词的搭配。因此多留意一些短语中介词的使用非常重要。1(2013·山东高考)The Smiths are praised _ the way they bring up their children.Afrom BbyCat Dfor解析：选D考查介词。句意：史密斯夫妇因其教养孩子的方式而受到赞扬。be praised for .是固定搭配，意为“因而受到赞扬”。2(2013·安徽高考)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library _ a book about it.Aon BatCfor Dto解析：选C考查介词和动词的搭配。句意：在你到某一旅游胜地参观之前，先在你们当地的图书馆找一本与之相关的书看看。本题考查的是look for短语，因为in your local library这一地点状语提前插入其中，从而增加了试题的难度。实际上，后半句是由look for a book about it in your local library演变而来的。故选C。3(2013·江苏高考)I am always delighted when I receive an email from you._ the party on July 1st I shall be pleased to attend.AOn account of BIn response toCIn view of DWith regard to解析：选D考查介词短语辨析。句意：收到你的电子邮件，我总是很开心。至于七月一日的聚会，我很乐意参加。根据句意可知，with regard to“关于，至于”正确。on account of“由于，因为”；in response to“响应，对有反应”；in view of“鉴于，考虑到”。4(2013·辽宁高考)_ everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.ABy means of BOn behalf ofCIn search of DFor fear of解析：选B考查介词短语辨析。句意：我代表在场的所有人祝您归国旅途愉快。on behalf of“代表”，符合句意。by means of“借助手段”；in search of“寻找”；for fear of“唯恐”。介词的固定搭配考查有两种：一是考查固定搭配中的介词；二是考查介词短语。近五年考查到的介词(短语)的固定搭配有：1inin the meanwhile 同时in the way 阻挡in time 及时；最终in detail 详细地in favour of 同意in case 以免；万一in return 作为回报in exchange for 用以交换2forbe praised for 因为受到表扬for life 终生for the benefit of 为了的利益as for 就而论；关于be trained for 被训练为for lack of 由于缺乏3onon behalf of 代表on the contrary 相反on condition that . 以作为条件4withhave an appointment with 与有约会with regard to 关于5aboveabove average 在平均数以上above all 首先；最重要的是6byby chance 偶然；碰巧by name 用名字7fromapart from 除之外far from 远非8againstwarn sb. against (doing) sth.警告某人不要做某事9out ofout of control 失去控制out of place 不在合适的位置；不适当的out of one's reach 某人够不着的地方out of the question 不可能out of question 毫无疑问I have an appointment with Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.(2013·北京高考)我和史密斯医生有个约会，但我需要改一下。You can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to be for life.(2012·安徽高考)你可以换工作，可以搬家，但友谊却可以终生受用。Apart from good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional Fujian dishes.除了良好的服务，本饭店还提供不同种类的传统闽菜。1(2013·兰州市高三二模)Look at this year's sales figures _ last year's; they're much better.Aagainst BfromCwith Dbetween解析：选A句意：看看今年与去年的销量对比，今年要好多了。此处against表示对比，意为“以为背景”。2(2013·陕西省长安一中模拟)Have you made an apology _ him _ breaking his window?Yes, I have.Afor; to Bto; toCfor; for Dto; for解析：选D考查短语make an apology to sb. for sth.“因为某事向某人道歉”。句意：“你打破了他的窗子向他道歉了吗？”“是的，我道歉了。”3(2013·江西赣中四校高三第二次联考)A special title was awarded to Zhang Lili, an ordinary Chinese teacher, _ her act of bravery to rescue two students at the risk of her own life.Ain favor of Bin place ofCin honor of Din terms of解析：选C考查介词短语。句意：张丽莉一位普通的语文教师，被授予一个特殊的称号，以表彰她冒着生命危险挽救两名学生的英勇事迹。in favor of“支持，拥护”；in place of“代替”；in honor of“纪念；表彰”；in terms of“谈及；就而言”。故选C。4(2013·济南一中模拟)After graduation, Frank often thought of those who had helped him _ his school life.Aof BacrossCat Dthrough解析：选D句意：毕业后，弗朗克经常想起那些帮他度过了学校生活的人们。此处through意为“经历，度过”，符合题意。5(2013·潍坊市高三二模)Parents are advised to take pressure _ their children and give them some encouragement before an exam.Aoff BoverCfrom Dto解析：选A句意：建议父母在考试前给孩子们减压，并且给他们一些鼓励。take . off/out of意为“把从中除去”。6(2013·滨州市一模) _ contents, Mo Yan frequently writes about his own hometown, Gaomi, Shandong Province.AIn terms of BRegardless ofCAccording to DIn addition to解析：选A句意：就内容来说，莫言经常写到他的家乡，山东省高密市。in terms of“就而言”；regardless of“无论；不管”；according to“按照”；in addition to“除之外还”。 6