2022高考英语阅读理解全程基础训练（21）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解全程基础训练（21）及答案阅读理解-B Imagine putting a seed in a freezer, waiting 30,000 years, and then taking the seed out and planting it. Do you think a flower would grow? Amazingly, scientists have just managed to do something very similar. They found the fruit of an ancient plant that had been frozen underground in Siberia a region covering central and eastern Russia for about 31,800 years. Using pieces of the fruit, the scientists grew plants in a lab. The new blooms have delicate white petals. They are also the oldest flowering plants that researchers have ever revived from a deep freeze. “This is like regenerating a dinosaur from tissues of an ancient egg,” said University of California, Los Angeles biologist Jane Shen-Miller. The plant has a long history. Back when mammoths and woolly rhinoceroses walked the land, an Arctic ground squirrel buried seeds and fruits in an underground chamber near the Kolyma River in northeastern Siberia. The ground became permafrost, a layer of soil that stays frozen for a long time. Recently, Russian scientists dug out the old squirrel hole and found the plant remains 38 meters below the surface. Back at the lab, the team fed nutrients to tissue from three of the fruits to grow shoots. Then the scientists transferred the shoots to pots filled with soil. The plants produced seeds that could be used to grow even more of them. Its important for scientists to know that plant tissues can still be revived after being frozen for a long time. Thats because many researchers are trying to preserve the seeds of modern plants by freezing them and then storing them in giant lockers at various spots around the globe. One such endeavor, an underground facility in Norway, is called the Svalbard Global Seed Vault. It stores hundreds of thousands of frozen seeds. If a plant ever goes extinct, scientists could bring it back by taking its seeds from the Svalbard or other storage lockers. “No one knows how long they are able to live for, but freezing is basically the format for many plant conservation attempts nowadays.” Shen-Miller said. Its a good thing that at least some plants are tough enough to survive the experience. 31. How did the fruit originally get underground?A. It was placed there by an animal.B. It was trapped there during the ice-age.C. It was planted there by ancient farmers.D. It was buried there after the earthquake.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Back when mammoths and woolly rhinoceroses walked the land, an Arctic ground squirrel buried seeds and fruits in an underground chamber near the Kolyma River in northeastern Siberia.可知最初的时候是有动物放在地下的，故选A。32. Which of the following was NOT used to recreate the ancient plant? A. Modern nutrients. B. Parts of its fruit. C. Its frozen seeds. D. Plant pots with soil.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Russian scientists dug out the old squirrel hole and found the plant remains 38 meters below the surface. Back at the lab, the team fed nutrients to tissue from three of the fruits to grow shoots. Then the scientists transferred the shoots to pots filled with soil.从果实的一部分取组织，然后给这些组织一定的营养，然后把嫩芽放在有土壤的盆里就能再重新栽培出古代的植物，这里没有提到冻了的种子，故选C。33. Why are scientists interested in this discovery?A. It helps them learn how plant life has changed in the past 30,000 years.B. It can help guide future efforts to protect endangered plant-life.C. It can provide directions for where to look for other ancient plants.D. It proves that all plant life can survive for thousands of years when frozen.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Thats because many researchers are trying to preserve the seeds of modern plants by freezing them and then storing them in giant lockers at various spots around the globe. If a plant ever goes extinct, scientists could bring it back by taking its seeds from the Svalbard or other storage lockers.有了这个重要的发现有助于帮助我们未来去保护频临灭绝的植物，故选B。34. The underlined word “they” in the final paragraph refers to _.A. plantsB. seedsC. scientists D. storage lockers【答案】B【解析】词义猜测题。根据If a plant ever goes extinct, scientists could bring it back by taking its seeds from the Svalbard or other storage lockers.及able to live for应该指的是种子能够活多长，故选B。35. The purpose of the passage is to _. A. discuss a plant conservation effort B. introduce some ancient plants C. outline some causes of global warmingD. describe a scientific research project【答案】D 【解析】作者意图题。纵观全文的内容可知短文介绍了一个科研项目，故选D。阅读理解-CThe Answer Is Right There above You.If you put a buzzard in a fence six to eight feet square and entirely open at the top，the bird，in spite of its ability to fly, will be an absolute prisoner. The reason is that a buzzard always begins a flight from the ground with a run of ten to twelve feet. Without space to run，as is its habit, it will not even attempt to fly, but remain a prisoner for life in a small jail with no top.The Ordinary bat flying around at night is a remarkable quick-moving creature in the air. But placed on the floor or flat ground, it has to shuffle about helplessly and, no doubt, painfully ，until it reaches some slight elevation from which it can throw itself into the air. Then，at once，it takes off like a flash,A bumblebee if dropped into an open tumbler (平底玻璃杯）will be there until it dies, unless it is taken out. It never sees the means of escape at the top，but keeps trying to find some way out through the sides near the bottom.In many ways, there are lots of people like the buzzard, the bat and the bumblebee. They are struggling about with all their problems and frustrations，not realizing that the answer is right there above them.64. Based on Paragraph 1, in what case can a buzzard fly?A. It s not old enough.B. Its caught in a fence.C. Its a prisoner in a small jail.D. Its got enough space to run.65 The underlined word “shuffle”（in para. 2) is closest in meaning to “_A. walk slowlyB, mix upC. fly lowD. run fast66. How can the bumblebee get out of an open tumbler by itself according to the text? A. It can be taken out,B. It can escape at the top.C. It can get out through the side,D. It can jump up from the bottom.67. The author expresses his views by_.A making a speechB. using examplesC. making a comparisonD. giving advice【文章大意】抬头就是希望。本文讲的是把秃鹫放在一个68平方英尺的无围顶栏里，这只大鸟尽管会飞也绝对会成为这栏中之囚。同样也有蝙蝠和大黄蜂。其实很多人也像他们一样，使尽浑身解数解决问题，克服挫折，却没有意识到答案就在正上方。注意：阅读文章有标题的一定要注意标题。64. 【答案】D【解析】根据第一段最后一句话可知。【考点定位】考查细节推断。65. 【答案】A【解析】句意：如果把它放在地板或平地上，它只会无助的挪动。根据上下句可知它不能飞翔。故选A。B项，混合；C项，低飞；D项，速跑【考点定位】考查词义猜测。66. 【答案】B【解析】根据第三段第二句可知选B【考点定位】考查细节理解。67. 【答案】C【解析】根据文章最后一段第一句可知文章通过把人和buzzard，bat以及bumblebee进行对比而阐述事理的。故选C。【考点定位】考查写作手法。阅读理解-D(2013·陕西，D)About 30 years ago, I left Cuba for the United States with my son. After getting settled finally in Brunswick, New Jersey，I enrolled(注册) my son in kindergarten. Several weeks later, my son's teacher asked me to meet him at his office.In the teacher's office, and exchange of greetings was followed by his questions: “Is your son mentally retarded(弱智的)？Does he suffer from any kind of mental disability？”Was he talking about my wonderful Scola? No, no, it can't be. What a helpless, lonely moment! I told him that Scola was a quiet, sweet little boy, instead. I asked him why he was asking me all these questions.My son could not follow the teacher's directions, he told me, and thus, Scola was disrupting the class. Didn't he know my son did not speak English yet?He was angry: “Why hasn't your son been taught to speak English? Don't you speak English at home？”No, I didn't speak English at home, I replied. I was sure my son would learn English in a couple of months, and I didn't want him to forget his native language. Well, wrong answer! What kind of person would not speak in English to her son at home and at all time? “Are you one of those people who come to this country to save dollars and send them back to their country, never wanting to be a part of this society？”Needless to say, I tried to tell him I was not one of “those people.” Then he told me the meeting was over, and I left.As I had expected, my son learned to speak English fluently before the school year was over. He went on to graduate from college and got a job, earning close to six figures. He travels widely and leads a welladjusted, contented life. And he has benefited from being bilingual(双语的)Speaking more than one language allows people to communicate with others; it teaches people about other cultures and other placessomething very basic and obviously lacking in the “educator” I met in New Jersey.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，通过了一位新移民及其儿子的经历讲述了掌握两门语言的好处。13The teacher asked the author to his office_.Ato discuss Scola's inclass performanceBto get Scola enrolled in kindergartenCto find a language partner for ScolaDto work out a study plan for Scola答案：A细节理解题。由第四段可以看出老师让家长去办公室是谈论Scola的课堂表现。故选A项。14What does the underlined word “disrupting” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?ABreaking.BFollowing.CAttending.DDisturbing.答案：D词义推测题。由上文“我的儿子不能跟上老师的指导”，因此Scola在扰乱课堂，故选D项，disturbing打扰，扰乱。15The author's attitude towards being bilingual may best be described as_.Acritical BcasualCpositive Dpassive 答案：C作者态度题。由文章最后两段，特别是He has benefited from being bilingual可知作者对于双语持肯定的态度，故选C项。16This text is likely to be selected from a book of _.Amedicine BeducationCgeography Dhistory答案：B推理判断题。本文讲述了掌握双语的好处，所以可能出自一本关于教育的书。阅读理解-DRenowned Chinese author Mo Yan has gained many new admirers after winning the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature. Several major publishing houses in China said they would include some of Mo s short stories in their textbooks for middle and high school students.These announcements have given rise to fierce debate. Some criticize publishers for seeking fame and others wonder if middle school students have enough literary knowledge to truly appreciate Mo s works. Mo Yan has been a well-regarded writer in China for many years. But textbook publishers never showed their interest in his works before. Now they are all rushing to include Mo s short stories, weeks after the author won a Nobel prize Their timing invites suspicion.In contrast，supporters say that Mo s prose is beautiful and can inspire students love for the Chinese language.By having won a Nobel prize, Mo can have a very positive effect on getting more young people interested in literature. Including Mo s works in textbooks can draw the attention of young students and improve their literary skills.So, what is your opinion? Should Mo Yan' s works be featured in middle school textbooks?68. From the text, we can learn_A. textbook publishers have been showing their interest in Mo s worksB. the inclusion of Mo s short stories in textbooks causes heated debateC. Mo s works have been included to the textbooks for middle and high school studentsD. criticizers think it unnecessary for middle school students to enjoy Mo s short stories69. What does the underlined word they” in the second paragraph refer to? A. Announcements. B, Middle school students, C. Mo s works. D, Textbook publishers.70. The author writes the text mainly for_.A. collecting the readers opinionsB. introducing Mo Yan s worksC. arguing with the textbook publishersD. encouraging students to improve their literary skills 【文章大意】本文讨论的是诺贝尔文学奖获得者中国作家莫言的短片小说是否要选入中学教学书的话题。文章分别描述了支持者和反对者的观点。68. 【答案】B【解析】通过第一段最后一句和第二段第一句可知。【考点定位】考查推断判断。69. 【答案】D【解析】本题考查的是代词的指代作用。根据前一句可知they指的是Textbook publishers.【考点定位】考查推理判断。70. 【答案】A【解析】通过最后一句可知选A【考点定位】考查写作意图。- 8 -