2021届高考英语二轮复习语法专项突围专题3动词和动词短语精练含解析.doc

动词和动词短语1. What _ an excellent player from an average one is that the former learns from his errors, while the latter repeats them.A. defines              B. describes              C. differentiates              D. discourages【答案解析】 C【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：一个优秀的球员和一个普通的球员的区别在于前者从他的错误中学习，而后者则重复它们。A. defines规定；使明确；B. describes描述；C. differentiates区分；区别；D. discourages使气馁。 根据an excellent player from an average one以及下文the former和the latter可推断，此处表示优秀球员和普通球员的区别。故选C。2. The government is_efforts so as to strengthen skills training for rural migrant workers.A. picking up              B. stepping up              C. holding up              D. breaking up【答案解析】 B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：政府正在加大力度，加强对农民工的技能培训。A.  picking up拾起，接收；B.  stepping up加快步伐；C. holding up举起，阻挡；D.  breaking up破裂，分手。根据“so as to strengthen skills training for rural migrant workers.”可知，政府正在加大力度。故选B。3. The free trade port needs to_ the possibility of sharpening the competitive edge of the island worldwide.A. exploit              B. explode              C. explore              D. export【答案解析】 C【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自由贸易港需要探索提高这个岛在世界范围内的竞争优势的可能性。A. exploit开发；B. explode爆发；C. explore探讨，探索；D. export出口。根据下文说的可能性，这里用探讨更符合语，故选C。4. Mastering the art of presentation goes hand in hand with carefully packaging the content of what you want to _.A. polish up              B. take in              C. make out              D. get across【答案解析】 D【详解】考查短语。句意：掌握演讲的艺术与精心包装你想要表达的内容是密不可分的。A.  polish up 擦亮；改善；B.  take in吸收，欺骗；C. make out 辨认清楚； D. get across使明白，把讲清楚。根据句意，此处表示的是把你想表达的内容表达清楚。所以选项D符合题意。故选D。5. This information allowed our soldiers to prepare mentally and _ the actions they would be required to take.A. imitate              B. appreciate              C. anticipate              D. equate【答案解析】 C【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个信息使我们的士兵做好心理准备，并预测他们可能采取的行动。A. imitate模仿；B. appreciate感激；C. anticipate预料、预期；D. equate使相等。根据“prepare mentally”可知此处指“做好心理准备并预测可能采取的行动”，故C项正确。6. In the face of this situation, the manager of the company said they would _new products to meet the needs of customers.A. give out              B. roll out              C. hold out              D. bring out【答案解析】 B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：面对这种情况，公司的经理说，他们将推出新产品以满足客户的需要。A.  give out 分发，发出；    B.  roll out 正式推出（新产品）；C.  hold out坚持；     D.  bring out出版，生产。根据“ meet the needs of customers.”可知， roll out 正式推出（新产品）符合句意，故选B。7. When dealing with people from different cultures, we should seek common ground and _ differences.A. register              B. reserve              C. request              D. restore【答案解析】 B【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们和来自不同文化的人打交道的时候，我们要求同存异。A. register登记，注册；B. reserve 预订，保留，拥有，保持；C. request请求，要求；D. restore恢复，修复。根据people from different cultures及常识可知，此处指“寻求共同点和保留差异”，即求同存异。故选B。8. The manager has _ several principles that he hopes will guide his employees in their work.A. set in              B. set off              C. set out              D. set aside【答案解析】 C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：经理制定了几条准则，希望能在工作中指导他的员工们。A. set in开始，发生，到来；B. set off出发，使爆炸，燃放，引起(某种情绪)；C. set out着手做，安排，制定；D. set aside留出，抛弃。根据several principles可知，此处用“安排/制定”符合语境，故选C项。9. This flu season in the US. began earlier than usual and started  _ in midNovember with an increase of influenza B.A. building up              B. piling up              C. rising up              D. picking up【答案解析】 D【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：美国的这次流感季比往常开始的早，并且随B型流感的增加，在11月中旬就开始得病。A.building up增进；B.piling up堆积；C.rising up上升；D.picking up得病；染上。根据上文提到的This flu season 和下文的with an increase of influenza B.可推断，此处指开始染病。故选D项。【点睛】本小题主要考查动词短语的辨析，build up译为“逐步增长，造舆论”，piling up译为“堆起，故意压人”，rising up译为“站起来”，pick up译为“拾起，捡起，得病，取走，搭载”。10. To _ Darwin and his idea，National Museum of Natural History in Washington created a special exhibit, showing respect for the genius.A. celebrate              B. promote              C. explore              D. inspect【答案解析】 A【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了颂扬达尔文和他的思想，华盛顿国家自然历史博物馆创办了一个特殊的展览，对这位天才表达敬意。A. celebrate庆祝，颂扬；B. promote提升；C. explore探索；D. inspect检查，视察。根据“created a special exhibit, showing respect for the genius”可知，此处表示为了“颂扬”达尔文和他的思想，其他选项不符合语境，故选A项。11. The youth like me mostly take a liking to pop music more than classical music, which really   _us   .A. turnsdown              B. turnsin              C. turnsover              D. turnsoff【答案解析】 D【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：像我这样的年轻人大多更喜欢流行音乐而不是让人失去兴趣的古典音乐。A. turnsdown 关小；B. turnsin上交，归还；C. turnsover翻转，移交；D. turnsoff关掉，使失去兴趣。这里的定语从句是来修饰classic music的，相比与流行音乐，古典音乐要无趣一些，会让人失去兴趣。故此题选D。12. Is nobody else going to_?3.5 million $!A. bid              B. charge              C. bargain              D. evaluate【答案解析】 A【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：-没有其他人竞标了吗?-350万美元！A. bid出价；B. charge索价；C. bargain讨价还价；D. evaluate评估。后句为“350万美元”，是一个准确价格，所以前句应提问价格。“bid”表竞标，回答为一个准确的价格。其中“evaluate”表估价，回答一般为一个大概的价格。故选A项。13. Robert speaking. Could you get me through to Mr. Smith in Room 501?Im sorry, he isnt here. He _ this morning.A. checked in              B. dropped in              C. checked out              D. dropped out【答案解析】 C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:-我是Robert ,你能帮我接通501房间的Smith先生吗?抱歉。他不在这里。今天早上他结账离开了。 选项A.check in(在旅馆)登记入住, (在机场)检票登机； 选项B. drop in 顺道拜访；选项C. check out 结账退房,结账离开(诊所)；选项D. drop out 退学;退出(比赛等)。根据上文，他不在这里可知，他结账离开了。选项C符合题意。故选C。14. He has _ more than 500 dollars in the past three months with which she could buy new bikes for those poor children.A. accelerated              B. accompanied              C. accumulated              D. acknowledged【答案解析】 C【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的三个月里，他已经积累了500多美元，她可以用这些钱为那些贫困的孩子们买新自行车。A. accelerated加速；    B. accompanied陪伴；C.  accumulated积累，（数量）逐渐增加；D. acknowledged承认。结合后文“more than 500 dollars”可知指积累了500多美元，应用accumulate。故选C。15. After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane _ her job as a doctor in the countryside.A. set out              B. get over              C. set up              D. took up【答案解析】 D【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一所医学院学习了五年之后，Jane在农村开始了她的医生工作。A. set out规划，出发；B. get over 克服，恢复；C. set up建立；D. took up开始从事。由语意可知，Jane在医学院毕业后应该是开始从事医生工作。故选D项。16. The university started some new language programs to _ the countrys Silk Road Economic Belt.A. apply to              B. cater forC. appeal to              D. hunt for【答案解析】 B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这所大学启动了一些新的语言项目，为国家丝绸之路经济带提供服务。A .apply to向申请，适用于；B .cater for迎合，满足的需要，为提供服务；C .appeal to对有吸引力，呼吁；D. hunt for 猎取，寻找。根据句意。故选B项。17. Gosh, I feel I have messed up my whole life.Cheer up. Things will _.A. hold out              B. work out              C. stand out              D. set out【答案解析】 B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：天哪，我觉得我把我的一生都搞砸了。振作起来。事情会解决的。A. hold out维持、提供机会；B. work out得到解决方法、进展顺利；C. stand out突出；D. set out出发。由语境可知，说话的一方说自己把一生都搞砸了，说话的另一方安慰他，事情会解决的/进展顺利。故选B项。18. The flying car Transition can travel at speeds up to 115 mph for 450 miles in the air, _ at highway speeds on the ground, and fold up to fit in a standard garage.A. driving              B. drive              C. to drive              D. driven【答案解析】 B【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：飞车Transition能在空中以115英里每小时的速度行驶450英里，在地面以高速公路的速度行驶，还能折叠起来放进一个标准的车库。此处与句中动词travel和fold up作并列的谓语，根据句中情态动词can可知，这里用动词原形。故选B。19. The final examination is coming up soon. It's time for us to _our studies.A. get down to              B. get out              C. get back for              D. get over【答案解析】 A【详解】考查动词短语。句意：期末考试很快要来，到了我们开始学习的时间啦。A.  get down to开始认真对待，开始认真考虑；B. get out出去，离开；C.  get back for回来，恢复；D. get over克服，恢复。这里指开始认真对待学习准备迎接考试。故选A。20. Can you tell me how to keep my appetite_? Dividing one heavy meal into two smaller ones is helpful.A. at ease              B. at peace              C. in check              D. in secret【答案解析】 C【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：你能告诉我怎样才能控制食欲吗？把一顿大餐分成两顿小餐是有帮助的。A. at ease安逸；B. at peace处于和平状态；C. in check受控制的；D. in secret秘密地。结合后文的回答是在建议控制食欲的方法，故提问的是“你能告诉我怎样才能控制食欲吗？”。故选C。