2022年高二英语短文改错专题复习高二英语短文改错专题复习.docx

精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 高二英语短文改错专题复习高二英语短文改错专题复习 学问总结归纳：短文改错的题是一篇意思连贯,但有九行文字中各有一个语法或用词错误的英语短文；它 所涉及的学问面很广,才能要求较高；而且题中所设的错误常常是考生自己在写作中常常 出的语法错误,是特地针对考生的弱点而设的；但它又从另一个角度考查了语法学问的运 用；因此,做题时,应从以下几个方面着手解题：动词使用错误；名词使用错误；形容词,副词使用错误；连词使用错误；代词使用错误；冠词使用错误；介词使用错误,上下文逻 辑错误等；在讨论每一行的句子时,第一把握句子的意思,然后划分句子的成分：主语；谓语部分；宾语；状语：地点,时间,方式等；假如句子是并列句或复合句,先分开各部分小的分句,依据各个分句之间的关系判定使用的连词是否正确；然后再讨论各个分句的成分；（一）名词使用错误：名词一般在句中做主语或宾语,名词的错误主要在于名词单,复数 的错误使用；1. They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question. ：question 是可数名词依据本句的意思,前面有lots of 修饰,应当改为复数形式；2. We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics.：subject 是可数名词依据本句的意思,前面有quite a few 修饰,应当改为复数形式；3. We practise three times every week and often watch football match on TV together.：依据本句的意思 match 在此应当改为复数形式；4. Happy birthday, Peter, and many return of the day. ：return 在此是名词,应当改为复数形式： many returns of the day 是庆贺人们生日的固定用语：祝你健康长寿；5. He said that she and my schoolmate all wishes me success. schoolmate 应当是复数形式；：all 在句中提示了除我以外6. On the way up I was taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.：picture 应当改成复数形式,由于作者一路上忙于照相,不止仅照一张像；另外仍要留意名词全部格形式上的错误使用；That kind of lie, a little, does two things: it keeps your friend feeling from being hurtfriend：根据句子意思：有时一个小小的谎言（善意的）可以使你的伴侣的感情免遭损害应当改为 friend s （二）动词使用的错误：<一> 作为谓语动词,留意谓语动词在时态,语态,与主语是否一样以及用词方面的问题；1. My favourite sport is football. I was a member of our school team. 是现在时, was 应改为 am ：全句的基本时态应当2. Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.：主谓一样的错误；Give 的主语是 Playing football,动名词作主语是单数形式,应改为：gives 3. I use to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now I am interested in football.：前半句是说过去的事情 used to do ：过去常常做某事；use 改为： used 4. the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. Evening came down. ：时态错误；全句是过去时态,passes 改为 passed 5. As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.：动词形式的错误；句中有三个连续的动作做谓语；因此 该为 visited. visit 不是相伴状语,是其次个谓语动词,应6. The Internet is a computer network that use the telephone system to link millions of 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - computers around the world.：句中定语从句中的谓语动词use 的主语是先行词a computer network ,是单数形式,所以按主谓一样的原就 use 改为： uses. <二> 作为非谓语动词,现在分词,过去分词,动名词,不定式形式的使用错误,同时留意非谓语动词在平行结构中显现的错误；1. Not far from the hotel, there was a shop with all kinds of clothes hang up.：hang up 在此做定语修饰先行词 clothes,应改为现在分词形式表示挂着各种衣服；2. He had worked on farms and in shops where he spent his spare time studied by himself.：定语从句是说：他把业余时间花在学习上,按句型结构：所以 studied 应改为： studying. <三> 形容词,副词使用错误：spend some time doing something.留意： 形容词和副词的比较级,原级,最高级使用方面的问题； 修饰比较级的副词的错误使用； 以 ing 和以 ed 结尾的形容词的混用； 形容词和副词的混用；1. I never knew a ride down a river could be so much exciting：much 修饰比较级形式,在此没有比较级的意义,所以去掉 much. 2. Im sure well have a wonderfully time together.：形容词与副词混用；Have a wonderful time ：过得特别开心；wonderfully 改为： wonderful 3. his mother was very poor that she had to send him to a rich family who had no child.：本句含有 so that 句型； very 改为： so 4. People will work few hours than they do now. few 改为比较级形式 fewer 5. Computers will be more smaller and useful：这是一个含比较级的句子； （ 句中有 than ）,：比较级 smaller 前面的修饰词应当是副词much ；More 与多音节形容词或副词原形构成比较级；more 改为 much 6. Last week, I went to a movie, which was very moved. 的定语从句的主语是movie ；应当是moving. 形容词 moved 指人受到感动；本句<四> 连词使用错误： 并列句连词and 与 but 的误用是历年高考题中常考的内容；复合句如宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句中主,从句的连接词的误用依据主从句的关系可以发觉；1. My class will be over by then or I will pick you up there.：前后两句的关系是并列关系or应改为： and 2. My grandma was the best cook in the world but could make the most delicious dishes. 前后两句是并列关系不具有转折意义；but 改为： and 3. It deosnt matter that I would win or not. Matter 后面的从句是 whether or not 结构；That 改为： whether 4. An Eskimo boy becomes a man since he kills his first polar bear.：依据句子意思：在Eskimo 男孩杀死他的第一只北极熊之后,才真正成为一名男子汉；Since 改为： after 5. The fine-furniture store I work has been in business since the 1920s.：I work 是定语从句修饰先行词 The fine-furniture store,The fine-furniture store 在从句中做地点状语,应加关系副词 where. 解题思路：第一要懂得整个短文的含义,规律关系,篇章结构；再认真讨论每一句的意义；借助划分句子成分的方法判定每一部分是否有错误；读句子时肯定以整句为单位；【典型例题】A（2004 全国卷 I）Dear Ralph 名师归纳总结 I m a newcomer here of a small town. I would 1. from第 2 页,共 5 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - describe myself as shy and quietly. Before my classmates, 2. quiet it seems always difficult for me to do things well as 3. as them. Im sure they will laugh to me and see me as 4. at a fool. So I feel unhappy every day. 5. Besides, I have few friends, I dont know that they 6. whydont like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other 7. talk very well in class, but after class we become stranger at 8. strangers once. I am trying to improve the situation since it dosen去掉t 9. butseem to work. Can you tell me about what I should do. 10. about分析：1. 来自一个小镇的新生；强调“ 来自于 ”用介词： from 2. describe oneself as + 形容词,所以 quietly 改为 quiet 3. 缺少连词,这是同级比较结构 as as ,加上 as 4. 介词错误：词组 laugh at somebody ：嘲笑某人；6. 宾语从句连词的错误,that 本身没有意义可以省略,本句是说：我不知道他们为什么不喜爱我；7. 时态错误,全篇用的是现在时；8. 名词单复数的错误,主语是we,宾语与主语呼应,应当是复数形式；9. 这是一个并列句,前后为转折关系；10. 依据句子意思,about 余外；B 全国卷 III2004 You can find all kinds information in just 1. of a few minute on the Internet. Its like going to a 2.minutes huge library without have to walk around to find 3. having your books. Recently even though, many people 4. 去掉 even have been discussing the dangers of the Internet. 5. 6. There They have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes. 7. personal Finding information on the Net is easily. But not all 8. easy information are good to society. For example, you 9. is can find such information like how to kill people. 10. as The problem will become more serious in the future. 分析：1. all kinds of 是固定词组, of 不能缺少 . 2. a few 后面的名词是复数形式；minute 是可数名词 3. without 是介词,后面跟动词 ing 形式；4. even though ：即使,此处表示“虽然 ” ；应去掉 even 6. 此处表示：在美国有报道说 .应当用表示 “ 有 ” 的句型： there be7. 此处表示 “ 个人的信息 ”,需要用形容词做定语；personal ：个人的；8. is 后面是形容词形式；9. information 是不行数名词；后面的谓语动词用单数形式；10. such as是固定句型；【模拟试题】 （答题时间： 45 分钟）名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A You can find all kinds information in just 1._ a few minute on the Internet. Its like going to a 2._huge library without have to walk around to find 3._ your books. Recently even though, many people 4. _ have been discussing the dangers of the Internet 5. _ They have been reports in America about people 6. _ trying to steal person information for bad purposes. 7._ Finding information on the Net is easily. But not all 8._ information are good to society. For example, you 9._ can find such information like how to kill people. 10._ The problem will become more serious in the future. B This is a story told by my father: “When I was boy, 1._The most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring 2._ Festival. My grandma was the best cooker in the world 3._ but could make the most delicious dishes. One time, I just 4._ couldn t wait for the Spring Festival dinner. As I was 5. _ about take a picture from a cooked duck, I saw Grandma in 6. _ the kitchen looking at me. Shake her hand, she said, It 7. _ isn t a good time to do that, dear. At once I apologize 8. _ and controlled me at my best till the dinner started. You 9. _ know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.” 10. _参考答案A 1. 在 kinds 后面加 of ： all kinds of 是固定短语；这里缺少了介词 of 2. 名词 “ 数” 的错误 , minute 是可数名词,有 a few 修饰,应改为： minutes 3. have 改为： having ：without 是介词,后面的动词应当是动名词形式；4. 去掉 even：even though ：即使；此处表示：虽然；5. 此行正确；6. They 改为： There ：本句表示：有一份报告；用 there be 句型；7. person 改为： personal ：此处指个人的信息,应当用形容词形式；8. easily 改为 easy：be 后面接形容词；9. are 改为 is：主语 information 是不行数名词；10. like 改为 as：such as为固定句型,表示：象 这样的 ；B 分析：1. boy 是可数名词,第一次提到,前面必需加 a 2. 本句是说：欢渡春节；When 在此余外 . 3. 用词不当, cooker ：炊具； Cook ：厨师；4. 前后两个分句是并列关系；名师归纳总结 6. be about to do something 是固定句型；第 4 页,共 5 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 7. Shake her hand 在本句中做相伴状语；应当用 ing 形式；8. 全句都在表达过去的事,用过去时；9. 本句是说：掌握自己；宾语应改为反身代词；10. several 后的名词应是复数形式；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页