高中英语句子成分分析1+-定语从句ppt课件.ppt
我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.主主语语谓谓语语定定语语宾宾语语同同位位语语状状语语我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物主语主语 Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物谓语 简单谓语简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词由情态动词或助动词+动词动词; He can speak English well. 我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物表语表语 在系动词后的部分就是表语在系动词后的部分就是表语 常见的系动词有常见的系动词有: be(am,is,are,were,was), seem, look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound, keep, turn,become, get,grow,come,go etc. 系动词不用于被动语态系动词不用于被动语态. The apple tastes sweet.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物 The war was over. They seem to know the truth. Time is precious. Im not quite myself today. Who was the first? He is out of condition. The book is what I need.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物宾语宾语 宾语分为单宾语，双宾语（直接宾语加间宾语分为单宾语，双宾语（直接宾语加间接宾语）和复合宾语（宾语加宾语补足接宾语）和复合宾语（宾语加宾语补足语）语）. 直接宾语指物直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人间接宾语指人. He gave me some books.间接间接宾语宾语直接直接宾语宾语我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物.please pass me the book.He bought me some flowers.I like my job.I love you.He wanted to leave here.They enjoyed playing computer games.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物宾语补足语宾语补足语 I found the book interesting. Do you smell something burning? He made himself known to them. She asked me to lend her a hand. Please make yourself at home. Please keep the dog out. We must keep it a secret.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物主动语态变成被动语态后主动语态变成被动语态后,宾语补足语变成主补宾语补足语变成主补. I last saw him playing near the river.He was last seen playing near the river.Theteacher caught the student cheating in the exam The student was caught cheating in the exam We made him monitor.He was made monitor.He pushed the door open.The door was pushed open.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物定语定语 He is a clever boy. His father works in a steel work. There are 54students in our class. Do you known bettys sister? He bought some sleeping pills. There is a sleeping baby in bed. His spoken language is good. I met a friend on my way home.(形容词形容词)(名词名词)(数词数词)(名词的所有格名词的所有格)(动名词动名词)(现在分词现在分词)(过去分词过去分词)(副词副词)我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物The girl in red is his sister.We have a lot of work to do.The girl standing under the tree is his daughter.Do you know the man who spoke just now?There is nothing interesting in this book.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物状语状语 用于修饰形容词用于修饰形容词,副词副词,动词动词,介词短语或介词短语或句子句子.可表示时间可表示时间,地点地点,原因原因,结果结果,目的目的,方方式式,伴随伴随,条件条件,程度程度,让步让步,频率等频率等. I will be back in a while. They are playing on the playground. He was late because he got up late. He got up so late that he missed the train.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物 I waited to see you. He often went to school by bus. His parents died,leaving him an orphan. Please call me if it is necessary. This book is very interesting. He went to school in spite of his illness. He always comes late to school.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物一、句一、句 子的成份子的成份1、主语、主语 2、谓语、谓语3、宾语、宾语4、表语、表语5、状语、状语6、补语、补语7、定语、定语 8.同位语同位语主语补足语主语补足语宾语补足语宾语补足语Tired and sleepy, I went to bed.He was shot dead He thought it important.He pushed the door open.He lives in London.Shall we do it tomorrow?She is a beautiful girl.She is an experienced teacher.由动词构成，注意时态语态的一致由动词构成，注意时态语态的一致用在用在 vt 的后面，是动作的承受者的后面，是动作的承受者用在用在 link-v后面，表述主语的特征、状态后面，表述主语的特征、状态 、身份等、身份等修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句句子修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句句子我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物基本句型基本句型 主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语 主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词+（其他成分）（其他成分） 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+宾补宾补我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物 He went. He went there. He went there yesterday. He went there to see his mother yesterday. He went there to see his mother ill in hospital by bike yesterday.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Exercises:分析句子结构分析句子结构 You are a student. He felt happy today. What you said made me happy. Could you give me some advice on how to learn English well? After he finished his homework, he went away. He likes pop music.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物 I stayed awake until 11:30 one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. Anne named her diary kitty because she thought it was her best friend.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物二、句二、句 子的种类子的种类1、简单句、简单句 (只有一个谓语动词只有一个谓语动词)2、并列句并列句 (有两个谓语动词以上，有两个谓语动词以上，用并列连词连接起来，用并列连词连接起来，他们的地位是平列的他们的地位是平列的)3、复合句、复合句(有连个以上的谓语动词，有连个以上的谓语动词，其中一个是主句的谓语其中一个是主句的谓语动词，其他都是从句的动词，其他都是从句的谓语动词谓语动词 )She is laughing.She opened the door.She is a girl.主主 + 谓（谓（vi）主主 + 谓（谓（vt） + 宾宾主主 + 谓谓 (link-v) +表表She is a girl and he is a boy.She is a girl and comes from Beijing.She is clever but doesnt work hard.I didnt go out because it rained a lot.I want to be a doctor when I grow up.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物三、从句：三、从句：1、The theory is true. what he said is true.主语从句主语从句2、This is true. This is what I want to say.表语从句表语从句我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物5、She is a beautiful girl. She is a girl who is beautiful.3、I know this boy. I know what you mean.宾语从句宾语从句4、she lives in London. she lives where there is a big tree.状语语从句状语语从句定语从句定语从句我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物The Attributive Clause1.定义定义：attributive clause is clause to modify a nun or pron in a complex sentence.2.关键词：先行词，关键词：先行词， 关系代词，关系副词关系代词，关系副词我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物eg.This is the car which he bought last year.先行词先行词定语从句定语从句关系代词关系代词eg.This is the house where I lived.先行词先行词关系副词关系副词 定语从句定语从句我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Relative pron: （引导定语从句，并在从句中（引导定语从句，并在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语）充当主语、宾语或表语）主主: who that宾宾: who whom that 定定: whoseB: referring to an object: 主主: which that宾宾: which that 定定: whoseA: referring to a person:不管是人作宾语还是物作宾语不管是人作宾语还是物作宾语 关系代词都可以省略。关系代词都可以省略。我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1.That middle-aged woman _ is talking to the headmaster is our new teacher.2.The guest _ we had been waiting for finally arrived.3.Do you know the boy _ your daughter writes to.A: who/that who/ whom/that/( ) who/ whom/that( )先行词为人先行词为人我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物4.I know a young man _ sister is a nurse in that hospital.5.The girl _ life he saves is now a college student.6.This book is for students _ native language is not Chinese.whosewhosewhose我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1.Have you got the present _ came this morning.2.Thank you very much for the present_ you sent me.B: that/which that/ which/( )先行词为物先行词为物我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物3.Is this the place _ we are going to visit?4.It was the meeting _ importance I did not realize at the time.5.We visited a few factories _ products had a good market in china today. that/ which/( )whosewhose我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Have a try指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( )2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( )3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( )4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( ) 主语宾语定语宾语我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Have a try5. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( )6. I like the person to whom you just talked. ( )7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( )8. We shall never the days when we lived together. ( )定语介宾宾语状语我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物选择用选择用关系代词关系代词还是还是关系副词关系副词，看先行词在从句，看先行词在从句中充当的成分中充当的成分如从句中缺少如从句中缺少主语主语和和宾语宾语，则选择，则选择关系代词关系代词(从句中从句中及物动词及物动词后后 如果没有宾语就用关系代词）如果没有宾语就用关系代词）（从句中是（从句中是不及物动词不及物动词，则不需要带宾语），则不需要带宾语）如从句中缺少状语，则选择关系副词如从句中缺少状语，则选择关系副词所以：知道是定语从句，看从句中是否缺少所以：知道是定语从句，看从句中是否缺少不可不可缺少的成分缺少的成分，如缺少，用关系代词；，如缺少，用关系代词； 如不缺少，如不缺少，用用 关系副词关系副词我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1. I will never forget the day _ I joined the League.2. September 18,1913 is the day _ we will never forget.3. That was the day _Ann left school on.when (which/ that/) (which/that)我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物4. Is this the factory _ your father works?5. This is the factory_ we visited last year.6. Is this factory _we visit last year? where (which/ that/) the one (that)我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物7. Do you know the reason _ he was late for school.8. That was the reason _ Mac gave me the other day.9. That was the reason _ Mac refused to speak for at the meeting. why (which/ that/) (which/that)我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Fill in the blanks.1. I still remember the day _ we spent inthe forest.2. I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing.3. The factory _ we will visit is large.4. The factory _ he works is large.5. The reason _ he gave us is reasonable(that/which)when/on which(that/which)where / in which(that/which)归纳归纳:关系副词关系副词when指时间指时间,关系副词关系副词where指地点指地点,在定语从句中作在定语从句中作状语状语。即使先行词是时间。即使先行词是时间 地点地点,若若作从句中的作从句中的宾语宾语，只能用关系代词，只能用关系代词that, which.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1. I， who_ (be) your close friend, will try my best to help you out.2. He who_ (do) not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.3. Mr. Green is one of the foreigners who _ (be) working in China.4. Mr. smith is the only one of the those foreigners who _ (be) working in China.主谓主谓一致一致1.从句中谓语要注意和先行词保持数和时态上的一致从句中谓语要注意和先行词保持数和时态上的一致2. one of 复数复数 the (only) one of 单数单数amdoesareis我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物“介词关系代词介词关系代词”即即“介词介词whom/which”引引导定语从句应注意：导定语从句应注意：1. 介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素A.与先行词的搭配关系与先行词的搭配关系1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.2) I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school.3) I will never forget the year _ my sonwent to college.4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, _ most people had had supper.on whichduring whichin whichby which我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10?3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? on whichfor whichfrom whichabout which介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 练习练习spend/spent + 钱钱/时间时间+on sth.(the book) pay +钱钱+ for sth.(the book)learn a lot from the book talk about the book 我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.6. There is a tall tree outside, _ stands our teacher.7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River.of whichunder which through which我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物 1. whose在定语从句中作在定语从句中作adj.使用，相当于所有格的使用，相当于所有格的his, her, its, their。 2. whose +n. = the + n. + of which/whom of which/whom + the + n. 关系代词关系代词Whose 也可以拆分如下：也可以拆分如下：我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物 of + which/whom 与与whose + n.的转换的转换He lives in a big house whose window faces the sea.He lives in a big house the window of which faces the sea.He lives in a big house of which the window faces the sea.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1.If you move to that house, you will have neighbors _ your wife is to quarrel. 2.Do you know the worker _ we are talking?3.The knife _ we cut the bread is very sharp. with whom to whom with which我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物4.His naughty grandson has taken away his glasses, _ the old man can see nothing.5.This is the worker, _ the book was written.6.The Yellow River is the second longest river in China, _ more than 10 bridges have been built. without which by whom over which我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物7.The man, _ I learned the news, is an engineer.8.Thats the question _ the class will have a discussion.9. It rained all night and all day, _ which time the ship broke into pieces.10.He is a man_ no one has better right to speak. from whom about which during than whom我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物关系代词前介词的确定关系代词前介词的确定4.4.非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用的一部分时，可用“数词数词/ /代词代词 + of + of + + 关系代词关系代词”的结构，如：的结构，如：e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of whom have been to Beijing.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物1. . There are many girls here, none of whom like football.2. China has a lot of islands, one of which is Taiwan.3. I have a lot of friends, some of whom are college students.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物定语从句：定语从句：Attributive Clause 概述：概述：先行词先行词关系词关系词名词名词(短语短语)，句子，句子关系代词和副词关系代词和副词在定语从句中关系词必做成分在定语从句中关系词必做成分定语从句定语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句(无逗号隔开无逗号隔开)(有逗号隔开有逗号隔开 )我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物Restrictive attributive clause & non-restrictive attributive clause限制性定语从句对前面的内容进行限制修饰，缺少限制性定语从句对前面的内容进行限制修饰，缺少它，意思不能成形。它，意思不能成形。非限制性定语从句对前面的内容进行补充说明，有非限制性定语从句对前面的内容进行补充说明，有无不改变句子基本含义。无不改变句子基本含义。1. The elephant is like a wall, _ anyone can see.2. He didnt has the exam, _makes his father madas/whichwhich我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物 翻译：翻译： Mr. Li, who is very old, is our director. My daughter, whose body is slim, still wants to lose some weight. The clock struck thirteen, which made everyone laugh. My money is in my bedroom, where I always keep it. You have to wait till May, when she is back.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物 在非限中，无论介词放在关系代词之前或在非限中，无论介词放在关系代词之前或在从句之中，其中的关系代词均不可省略。在从句之中，其中的关系代词均不可省略。 This boy, with whom I used to play, is now a writer. This boy, whom/ who I used to play with, is now a writer. I love Sunny, to whom Im getting married pretty soon. I love Sunny, whom/ who Im getting married to pretty soon.我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物在三种情况下只能用非限制定语从句：在三种情况下只能用非限制定语从句： 1.先行词为专有名词（人名、地名）先行词为专有名词（人名、地名） 2.先行词为独一无二的东西先行词为独一无二的东西 3.整个句子整个句子 我吓了一跳，蝎子是多么丑恶和恐怖的东西，为什么把它放在这样一个美丽的世界里呢？但是我也感到愉快，证实我的猜测没有错：表里边有一个活的生物注：注： 关于关于as用作关系代词用作
