2020年春人教新目标英语八年级下册unit2-知识点分析与练习（无答案）.doc

2020年春人教新目标英语八年级下册Unit2 Ill help clean up the city parks知识点一、 重点短句： 1. Clean-up day 清洁日 2. an old peoples home 养老院 3.help out with sth 帮助解决困难 4.used to 曾经；过去常常 5.care for = take care of 关心；照顾 6.the look of joy 快乐的表情 7.at the age of 在.岁时 8.clean up 打扫（清除）干净 9.cheer up （使）变得更高兴；振奋 10.give out 分发；散发 11.come up with 想出；提出 12.make a plan 制订计划 13.make some notices 做一些公告牌 14.try out 试行；试用 15.work for 为而工作；为而效力 16.put up 举起；建造；张贴 17.hand out 分发；散发; 发给 18.call up 打电话；召集 19.put off 推迟；延迟 20.for example 例如 21.raise money for 为筹钱 22.take after与相像；像 23.give away 赠送；捐赠 24.fix up 修理；修补；解决 25.be similar to 与相似 26.set up 建立；设立 27.disabled people 残疾人 28.make a difference影响；有作用 29.be able to 能够 30.after-school reading program课外阅读项目二、 重点句子1. I hope to work outside. 我希望出去工作。（1）hope to do sth 意为“希望做某事”。 如：he hopes to get the driving license. 他希望能得到驾照。拓展 符合“动词+ to do sth ”结构的短语还有： agree to do sth 同意做某事 decide to do sth 决定做某事 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 remember to do sth 记得做某事 forget to do sth 忘记做某事 try to do sth 尽力做某事2. you could help to clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。（1）clean up 意为“打扫（清除）干净”；它的宾语有两种情况： 如：youd better clean up your bedroom. 你最好把你的卧室打扫干净。 Youd better clean it up 你最好把它打扫干净。 （2）help to do sth 帮助做某事。 Help sb to do sth=help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 如：he helped me to carry the water he helped me with carrying the water他帮助我抬水。 3. the girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. 那个女孩可以去看望医院里生病的孩子，使他们振作起来。（1）sick adj. 意为“生病的”; 既可放be （系动词）后作表语；也可放在名词前作定语。 如：you look very tired . you must be sick. 你看起来很累，肯定是生病了。 Sick people need to rest . 病人需要休息。 ill：意为 “生病的”；只能放在be 后面； 如：I am ill today . 我今天生病了。（2）in the hospital与in hospital区别： In the hospital ：意为“在医院”；指人在医院里，允许在医院里上班，允许是去医院看望病人等。 In hospital：“在医院；住院”；指生病住院。如：tom is ill in hospital. （3）cheer sb up 意为“使某人高兴；使某人振作、振奋” The good news cheered him up . 这个好消息使他高兴起来。 4. the boy could give out food at the food bank. 那个男孩可以在食物赈济处发放食物。（1）give out 意为“分发；散发”。(相当于hand out ) The teacher gave out the examination papers. 老师发了考卷。拓展 give away 赠送 give up 放弃 give back 归还 give in 屈服；让步练一练11. 汤姆希望到上海工作。 Tom in shanghai.2. I meet him at 6pm. A. agree to B. agree with C. agree D. agreed 3. your bedroom is too dirty , please . A. clean it up B. clean up it C. set it up4. 妈妈叫我把桌子清除干净。 Mother asked me to the table.5. if everyone pours less polluted water into lake , it will be . A. deeper and deeper B. cleaner and cleaner C. dirtier and dirtier6.现在你能帮助做家务了。 You could do the homework now.7. 詹妮常常帮我做作业。Jane usually my homework. （同义句）8.the girl was sent to the hospital by her mother yesterday. A. sick B. ill C. good D. well9. my mother is in hospital now. A. sick B . ill C. well D. A and B10. 明天我将去医院里看望生病的朋友。 I will visit my friend tomorrow.11.you can visit children in the hospital and them . A. ill , set ,up B. sick, clean ,up C. sick, cheer , up12.he looks so sad, lets him . A. cheer , up B. set ,up C. put, up D. call, up13.the teacher the homework. A. gave out B. gave off C. gave on D. gave in14.the woman all of her money to charities helping the poor. A. gave off B. gave up C. gave away D. gave back15.you shouldnt your hope. Everything will better. A. give up B. fix up C. cheer up D. put up 讲一讲21. we cant put off making a plan. 我们不能推迟制订计划。 （1）put off 意为“推迟” 如：we will put off the sports meeting if its rains hard. 如果下大雨，我们将推迟运动会。 （2）make a plan 意为“制订计划”。 如：I made a plan for study English well. 我为学好英语制订了计划。2. we could each call up 10 students and ask them to come . 我们可以每个人给10个同学打电话，要他们来。 （1）call up 意为“打电话；征召入伍”。 如：He called up a fiend just for a chat. 他打电话给一个朋友，只是要聊聊天。3. we need to come up with a plan for city park Clean-Up Day. 我们需要为“城市公园清洁日”想出一个计划。 （1）come up with （think up）意为“提出；想出” 如：he came up with good ideas for the product promotion. 他想出了推广产品的好主意。拓展 catch up with 赶上；追上。 如：I have to study hard to catch up with the other students. 我不得不努力学习才能赶上其他同学。 （2）Clean-Up Day：意为“清洁日”4. they told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他们告诉我过去的故事，以及事物过去是怎样的。（1） used to +动词原形（只用于过去时）：表示“过去常常做某事”，只表示过去与现在的对比，暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态。肯定句：主语+used to +动词原形 如：I used to get up early and take an hours walk before breakfast. 我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。否定句：主语+didnt use to +动词原形 如：he didnt use to watch news . 他过去常不看新闻。一般疑问句：Did +主语+use to +动词原形 如：Did jack use to help Mary with her lessons? 杰克过去常常帮助玛丽学习功课吗？（2） be / get used to doing sth 意为“习惯于做某事”。如：my father is used to exercising in morning .我父亲习惯于早上锻炼。（3） be used to do sth 被用来做某事如：stamps is used to post letters. 邮票被用来寄信。5. we can make plans to raise money for homeless people. 我们可以制订一些计划为无家可归的人们筹钱。 （1）raise money for 为筹钱。 如：we raised much money for sick children. 我们为生病的孩子们筹了很多钱。 （2）homeless 无家可归的.练一练21.Attention , please . The plane has to be because of the heavy rain. Oh, bad luck! We have to wait now. A. put on B. put off C. put up D. put away2.我们应该为运动会制订一个计划。 We should for our sports meeting.3.you your sister and ask her to come back. A. call on B. call out C. call up D. call to4.could you the restaurant and order some take-away food for me ? Im a little hungry. A. call up B. call on C. call at D. call for5.we believe scientists will a way to solve air pollution. A. set off B.put off C. come up with D. catch up with6. 那时他想不出一个合适的答案。 He an appropriate answer just at the time.7. After working hard,he other classmates. A. come up with B. catch up with C. set up D. put off8.Wow! You look different! You wear glasses. yes, I did . but now I am wearing contact lenses（隐形眼镜） A. could B. must C. used to D. would9. my brother used to up late , but now he is used to up early. A. get ,get B. getting , get C. get , getting D. getting, getting10.how does jack usually go to work? He drive a car , but now he there to lost weight. A. used to ; is used to walk B. was used to ; is used to walking C.was used to ; is used to walk D. used to ; is used to walking11.she live with her grandparents . but she doesnt now. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to 12. she live alone, but she living alone because she feels lonely. A.used to ; doesnt used to B. is used to ; was used to C.used to ; is not used to D.was used to ; doesnt used to 13.keys are used the door. A. to open B. to opening C. open D. opening14.the cup drink tea. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to D. use for15. 学生会干部为贫困的学生筹钱。Student cadres will poor students讲一讲31.yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老年人都很孤独。 （1）alone 与 lonely区别： alone=by oneself 意为“单独的；一个人”，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。 如: He often work alone at home. 他常常一个人在家工作。 Lonely: 意为“孤独的；寂寞的，强调主观感受。 如：he stay at home alone, he feels lonely. 他一个呆在家里感觉很寂寞。2.but I want to learn more about how to care for animals. 但是我想学习更多关于如何照顾动物的知识。 （1）care for =take care of 意为“照看；照顾”。 如：many students in our school care for old people. 我们学校的很多学生都照顾老年人。 Many students in our school take care of old people. （同义句） （2）how to . 怎么做。 特殊疑词+动词不定式 : 作及物动词的宾词。When to ; where to ; what to; which to 如：I dont know how to do it . 我不知道怎么做。 “特殊疑词+动词不定式”与“从句”转换：在疑词后加主语，并将不定式改成“should+v原形”. 如：I dont know how to solve the problem. （转换前） = I dont know how I should solve the problem. （转换后）3. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners faces. 当我看到动物变得更健康以及它们主人脸上高兴的表情时，我得到一种强烈的满足感。 （1）such a strong feeling of satisfaction 意为“如此强烈的满足感”，属于“such a / an +形容词+名词” 结构；表示“如此的”。（so +形容词+ a/an +名词）。 互相转换：such a / an +形容词+名词so +形容词+ a / an +名词。 如：such a beautiful flower=so beautiful a flower 如此漂亮的一朵花。注意 当名词前有many much few little等修饰词时，要用so ，而不能用such. 如：so many people so much money记住 名前such 形副so , 多多少少（many much few little）都用so （2）get better 变得更好。（3）the look of joy 高兴的表情。 如：we feel life get better and the look of joy on our faces. 我们感觉生活变得更好，脸上露出高兴的表情。4. she could read by herself at the age of four. 她在四岁的时候就会自己读书了。 （1）at the age of 意为“在岁时候” 如：he became famous at the age of 20. 他在20岁时就变得很有名。5. volunteering here ia a dream come true for me . 对我来说，在这里做志愿者工作梦想成真。 （1）come true : 实现；变为现实 。achieve实现主语一般为“人”Come true实现；变为现实主语一般为“梦想；理想” 如：The dream will come true , if you work hard. 如果你努力工作，梦想会实现。 Most Young people achieved their dream. 大部分年轻人实现了他们的梦想练一练31. the old man lives , but he never feels . A. alone; lonely B. lonely ; alone C. alone ; alone D. lonely; lonely2.my little sister is afraid to stay at home . A. quietly B. lonely C. at the time D. alone3. he did all the work by himself.(同义) Aalready B. together C. alone D. lonely4.thinks for your invitation, but I am so sorry I cant go , I need to my baby at home. A. take away B. take off C. take care of D.take out of5.Samly the old people in an old peoples hospital every weekend. A. care of B. care for C. take care D. look at 6. I dont know what (bring ) to the party.7. he wanted to know when to go .（转为同义句） = 8. I dont know tell us about it A. how to B. how C. what D. when9. the girl is a nice girl we all want to help her. A. such ; that B. so ; that C. too; to D. very ; that10. some word puzzles in this book are difficult that students can solve them. A. such ; few B. such ; little C. so ; few D. so ; little 11. he offered valuable（有价值的）advice that people disagreed.A. such ; a few B. such ; few C. so ; a few D. so ; few 12.“I m a singer ”is an interesting program many people like watching it. A. so; that B. such; that C. so; as D. such; as13. 当他听到赢了，脸上露出高兴的表情。 When he know won , on his face.14. Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.（选出同义的选项） A. at the age of four B. four years C. for four years15.we want to see young people （实现他们的梦想）16. your dream can （实现）through your hard.讲一讲4 (section B)1. I repaired it = I fixed it up我把它修好了。 （1）repair =fix up修理；修复。 如：who have repaired the broken leg of the table? 谁把桌子的断腿修好了。 =Who have fixed up the broken leg of the table?2. I take after my mother . 我长得像我妈妈。 （1）Take after=be similar to : 意为“与想像；像”，指由于血缘关系而相似。 如：your daughter doesnt take after you at all. 你女儿得根本不像你。3. I am similar to her . 我与她想象。 （1）be similar to 意为“与相似/相仿；和差不多”。 （2）be similar in sth 意为“在某方面相似/相仿” 如：the two buildings are similar in style. 这两幢建筑在风格上相似。4. I gave it away . 我把它捐了出去。 （1）give away 意为“赠送；捐赠”。它的宾语有两种形式；在give away 后面；在give away之间。 如：the old man gave away his money to project hope . = the old man gave his money away to project hope 那位老人把他的钱都捐给希望工程。5. Id like to thank you for giving money to Animal Helpers. 我想感谢你把钱给“动物助手”。 （1）thank sb for sth / doing sth：意为“为（做）某事而感谢某人”。 如：thank you for helping me with my homework. 谢谢你在作业上帮助我。（2）give sth to sb =give sb sth. 意为“把某物给某人”。 如：will you please give the book to me? = will you please give me the book? 请你把这本书给我？6. Im sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me. 我确定你知道这个团体是为帮助像我这样的残疾人而建立的。（1）was set up 意为“被建立；被设立”；是一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/ware +过去分词” 如：The bridge was built last year . 这座桥是去年建造的。 I wasnt invited to go to the party. 我没被邀请参加那次聚会。（2）disabled people 残疾人练一练41. can you the broken chair ? A. repair B. repaired C. mend D. fixed2. I repaired the TV after class.= I after class.= I after class.3. Do you after your mother or your father?My father. We both have big eyes and black hair.A. look B. take C. run D. come4.the girl the woman, maybe she is her daughter. A. take care B. takes after C.takes off D. look after5. her sweater is to my sisters , they are color. A. similar ; same B. similar ; similar C. same; same D. same; similar6. 我的新衬衣和你的这件差不多。 My new shirt the one you have.7. what are you doing , uncle wang? I am sorting out the old books and Ill to kids west china. A. give them up B. give them away C.give them off D. give them in8. 莉莉有一辆旧的自行车，她决定把它捐出去。 Lily had an old bike and she decided to 。9. 感谢你邀请我参加你的聚会。 Inviting me to your party.10. the schoolmaster taking away money to poor students. A. think B. think for C. think you for D. think for you 11. a week later , she gave a toy to the boy to thank him for his help. （转为同义句） A week later, she to thank him for his help.12. 他们给他一块手块。They a watch.13. my mother watered the flowers yesterday.（改为被动语态） The flowers by my mother yesterday.14. he cleaned up my bedroom yesterday. （改为被动语态） My bedroom by him yesterday.15. 这家公司是去年创办的。 The company last year.16. 照顾残疾人是我们的责任。 Were cared for by us is our duty.讲一讲51. you h