新概念英语第二册第七课.doc

Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date新概念英语第二册第七课新概念英语第二册第七课Lesson 7 Too late为时太晚The plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning. They were expecting a valuable parcel of diamonds from South Africa. A few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield. Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House. While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprise, the precious parcel was full of stones and sand!New words and expressions 生词和短语1. detective n. 侦探 airport n. 机场 expect v. 期待，等待 valuable adj. 贵重的parcel n. 包裹 diamond n. 钻石 steal v. 偷 2. main adj. 主要的airfield n. 飞机起落的场地 guard n. 警戒，守卫 precious adj. 珍贵的stone n. 石子sand n. 沙子参考译文 飞机误点了，侦探们在机场等了整整一上午。他们正期待从南非来的一个装着钻石的贵重包裹。数小时以前，有人向警方报告，说有人企图偷走这些钻石。当飞机到达时，一些侦探等候在主楼内，另一些侦探则守候在停机坪上。有两个人把包裹拿下飞机，进了海关。这时两个侦探把住门口，另外两个侦探打开了包裹。令他们吃惊的是，那珍贵的包裹里面装的全是石头和沙子！1. The plane was late and detectives were waiting at the airport all morning. 飞机误点了，侦探们在机场等了整整一上午。1) detective n. 侦探detect di'tekt v. to find out; notice or discover 发现；发觉；觉察e.g. 我察觉出她说话声里含着愤怒。 I detected anger in her voice. 在死者胃中发现了少量毒药。 Small quantities of poison were detected in the dead mans stomach.注：quantity 'kwntti n. (pl. -ies) 1. c, u数量；数额；数目 2. u 量；数量 3. c, u大量；大批；众多；大宗n. detection u the act or work of detecting 发现；发觉，察觉n. detector 探测器，侦查器e.g. (1) 金属探测器 a mental detector (2) 测谎器 a lie detector2) at the airport 在机场on the airfield 在停机坪上airfield n. 只供飞机起落且无大型建筑物的飞机场；飞机起落的场地3) all morning 整个上午all 一般直接加表示时间的单数名词构成副词短语，如：整整一天all day 整夜all night 整星期all week 整个冬天all winter 整年all year 但不说 all hourwhole 在表达同样的意思时一般要加冠词或数词，如一整天 / 年a whole day / year 整整两星期two whole weeks2. They were expecting a valuable parcel of diamonds from South Africa. 他们正期待从南非来的一个装着钻石的贵重包裹。1) expect v.1.vt.,vi.to think or believe (that something will happen) 预计；预料；预期e.g. (1) 我预料他会通过考试的。I expect (that) shell pass the exam. (2) 我们没有料到会有这么多人来参加聚会。We werent expecting so many people to come to the party. (3) 我们预计今年冬天会冷。We expect a cold winter this year. (4) 正如他老师所预料的那样，吉姆数学考试没及格。 Jim has failed in mathematics as his teacher expected.2. vt. 认为理应得到；期望，期待，期盼, 盼望e.g. (1) 你不能指望孩子们一直保持安静。You cant expect children to be quiet all the time. (2) 我在等待吉米的一封信。 I am expecting a letter from Jimmy.expect所表示的等待一般暗含着根据某些信息或规律而作出相应反应的意思，而wait (for) 主要指“等待”这个动作本身：他等了她一个多小时，但她没来。He waited for her for more than an hour, but she did not come.请等一下。Wait a minute, please. 3. vt. 猜想；认为；料想（一般用于口语）e.g. (1) 我想你已经听到这个消息了。 I expect you have heard the news. (2) “你今晚要出去吗？” - “我想会的。” / “我想不会的。” “Are you going out tonight?” - “I expect so.” / “I dont expect so.”expectation ,ekspek'tein n.1.u,c (of sth) / (that) 预料；预期；期待e.g. 普遍认为他会获胜。There was a general expectation that he would win. 完全没想到她过得非常快活。Against all expectations, she was enjoying herself.e.g. 出乎意料的是利率并未上升。 Contrary to expectations, interest rates did not rise.2. c, usually pl. 期望；指望e.g. 有的父母对孩子的期望不切实际。Some parents have unrealistic expectations of their children.2) valuable adj.1. (to sb / sth) very useful or important 很有用的；很重要的；宝贵的e.g. (1) 宝贵的经验/资源 a valuable experience / resource (2) 深刻的洞察力a valuable insight 'insait (3) 有用的工具a valuable tool2. worth a lot of money 很值钱的；贵重的e.g. (1) 贵重的首饰valuable jewellery (du:lri n.u 珠宝，首饰) (2) 名贵绘画 a valuable paintingopposite: valueless 'væljulis没有价值的；不值钱的; worthless 'w:lis注：insight名词 n. (+into)1. 洞察力,眼光CUe.g. 优秀的教师能洞察学生内心的情感。Good teachers have insight into children's emotions. 2. 洞悉;深刻的理解Ce.g. 他的演讲使我们对教育问题有了深入的了解。His speech gave us an insight into the problems of education. 3) parcel 'p:sl n. (of) especially BrE package especially AmE 包裹；邮包e.g. (1) 我正要把这个包裹送到邮局去寄。 Im just going to take this parcel to the post office. (2) 一包衣服 a parcel of clothes3. A few hours earlier, someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. 数小时以前，有人向警方报告，说有人企图偷走这些钻石。1) that 后面的部分为动词tell的宾语从句。从句中的时态为过去将来时（would）2) try v.1. try (to do sth) to make an effort or attempt (to do sth) 试；尝试；试图；努力（做某事）e.g. 想办法及时赶到那里吧。Try to get there on time.2. try (doing sth) to attempt and do (something) as a possible way of gaining a desired result 试一试，试做 (可能达到目的的方法等)e.g. 如果这车发动不起来，就试着推一推它。 If the car wont start, try pushing it.3) steal v. (stole stul; stolen 'stuln)1. (Vt ; Vi) (from) to take (what belongs to some one else) without any right to it偷，窃取，行窃e.g. (1) 他由于偷窃被送入监狱。He was sent to prison for stealing. (2) 有人把我的自行车偷走了。Someone has stolen my bike. (3) 约翰从不偷东西。 John never steals.2. (Vt) (from) to take or get quickly, secretly, or without permission.偷偷地做，悄悄地获取e.g. (1) 他已赢得玛丽的芳心。He has stolen away Marys heart. (2) 他偷偷地看了桌子对面那漂亮的女孩一眼。He stole a glance at the pretty girl across the table.3. (Vi) to move secretly or quietly 悄悄地移动e.g. 他悄悄地溜出了房子。He stole out of the house.4. When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield. 当飞机到达时，一些侦探等候在主楼内，另一些侦探则守候在停机坪上。1) 这个长句子由3个部分组成：when引导的是整个句子的时间状语从句；some ofbuilding为主句；while引导的是动作与主句的动作同时进行的时间状语从句。While做为连词表示“和同时”、“当时候”时常常引导一个过去进行时从句。2) 地点状语on the airfield 与第一句中的at the airport意义相近。注意介词on和at的不同搭配。3) When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield.代词 others 常常和 some 连用，表示“有些(人)，也有些(人)” 或者“有的，其余的”e.g. (1) 有些学生非常用功；有些则不然。 Some students are very hard-working; others are not. (2) 在这些小说中，有些很有趣，其他的则不然。 Some of the novels are interesting; (the) others are not.4) inside insaid prep., adv., noun., adj.prep. (also inside of esp. in AmE)1. 在(或向)内；在(或向)里 opposite: outsidee.g. 进屋里吧。Go inside the house.盒子里装着一只金表。Inside the box was a gold watch.2. in less than the amount of time mentioned. 少于(某时间)e.g. 这项工作不大可能在一年之内完成。 The job is unlikely to be finished inside (of) a year.adv. 1. on or to the inside 在(或向)里面 opposite：outsidee.g. 开始下雨了，我们只好躲进屋里。We had to move inside(=indoors)when it started to rain.2. (informal) in prison 在监狱里；被监禁e.g. 他被判三年监禁。He was sentenced to three years inside.n. c (usually the inside) the inner part, side or surface of sth.里面；内部；内侧e.g. 盒子的内面呈蓝色。The inside of the box was blue.门从里面锁上了。The door was locked from the inside.adj. only before noun 1. forming the inner part of sth.; not on the outside e.g. 里袋 an inside pocket 2. known or done by sb. in a group or an organization从内部了解到的；内线干的e.g. 内部情报 inside information5) main mein adj. only before noun being the largest or most important of its kind主要的；最重要的e.g. (1) 过大马路时小心点。Be careful crossing the main road. (2) 主菜 the main course (=of a meal) (3) 我们的正餐是午饭。 We have our main meal at lunchtime.5. Two men took the parcel off the plane and carried it into the Customs House. 有两个人把包裹拿下飞机，进了海关。customs kstmz n.1. (常用大写)海关e.g. 我办完海关手续就跳进了一辆计程车。As soon as Id got through customs I jumped into a taxi.2. taxes paid on goods entering or leaving a country 关税，进口税e.g. 为某物缴纳关税 to pay customs on sth 进口税 customs duty/duties你付了这架照相机的关税吗？Have you paid customs duty on this camera 'kæmr?注：duty c, u (on sth) 税；(尤指进口货物交纳的)关税 关税：customs duties 进口税：import duties (import n. 'imp:t v. im'p:t )3. (常用大写) the government organization established to collect these taxes 政府的海关部门e.g. 海关官员 a Customs officer对照：custom 'kstmn. 1. c,u (of doing sth)风俗；习俗e.g. 庆祝圣诞节是一种风俗。The celebration of Christmas is a custom. 在圣诞节赠送礼品的习俗 the custom of giving presents at Christmas 2. (fml or literary) the way a person always behaves; a habit or practice个人习惯；习性；惯常行为e.g. 早起是她的习惯。It was her custom to rise early. 3. u (BrE, fml) (also business AmE, BrE) (顾客对商店的)惠顾，光顾：e.g. 谢谢您的惠顾，请下次再来。Thank you for your custom. Please call again.6. While two detectives were keeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. 这时两个侦探把住门口，另外两个侦探打开了包裹。guard n.1. c 卫兵；守卫；狱吏e.g. 飞机场的警卫人员security guards at the airport(security s'kjurt n. 1. u 保护措施，安全工作 2. u 保卫部门；保安部门 3. u 担保；保证 4. u 安全；平安 security guard n. 保安人员)2. u a state of watchful readiness to protect or defend保卫，防守，警戒e.g. (1) 有士兵守卫在大门口，禁止任何人出入。There are soldiers on guard at the gate, to prevent anyone getting in or out. (2) 警察看守着这座房子。The police are keeping guard over the house. (3) 士兵守卫着皇宫。The soldiers stood guard over the palace. 'pælskeep guard 守望，警戒， 与stand guard (站岗，放哨)意思相近e.g. 两个小偷在屋子外面守着，其他的则进了屋。Two thieves kept guard around the house while the others entered it.他们对小偷们严加看管。They kept a close guard over the thieves.guard v. 1. to protect property, places or people from attack or danger防卫；警戒；保护的安全e.g. (1) 狗看守着房子。The dog guarded the house. (2) 戒备森严的总统府the heavily-guarded presidential 'prezidenl palace (presidential 'prezidenl adj. 总统的；总统选举的；总统制的；统管的；主宰的) 2. to prevent prisoners from escaping看守；监视 e.g. 犯人由士兵看守。The prisoners were guarded by soldiers.7. To their surprise, the precious parcel was full of stones and sand! 令他们吃惊的是，那珍贵的包裹里面装的全是石头和沙子！1) to their surprise 令他们吃惊的是这个短语中的所有格形容词 their 也可以换成其他所有格形容词：(much) to my / his surprise, to our surprise等，一般不说 to your surprise2) precious 'pres adj.1.rare and worth a lot of money珍奇的，珍稀的e.g. 稀世花瓶 a precious vase /va:z/2. valuable or important and not to be wasted 宝贵的，珍贵的e.g. 你在浪费宝贵的时间。 You are wasting precious time!3. loved or valued very much受珍爱的，被珍惜的e.g. 珍贵的回忆 precious memories3) full adj. 1.(容器或空间) 装(盛)满的；满满的e.g. 那场暴风雨过后，路上的低凹处积满了雨水。 After the storm, the holes in the road were full of rainwater.2. (+of) containing or having plenty (of) 有许多的；充满的e.g. (1) 田地里到处都是羊。The field was full of sheep. (2) 这部作品错误百出。This work is full of mistakes. (3) 她的眼里饱含着泪水。Her eyes were full of tears.Grammar Focus Past progressive tense（过去进行时） Basic Pattern: S + was / were doing（动词的现在分词）(1) 主要表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。过去进行时和一般过去时经常同在一个句子里使用。过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作或情况，一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。正在进行中的动作或情况往往由连词when, while, as, just as等引导：e.g.我扫地的时候，发现了你的钢笔。While/When/As I was sweeping the floor, I found your pen.while通常只引导持续时间较长的动作，并且主句和从句可以同时用过去进行时，而when和as一般不这么用：e.g. 当他的妻子和一位邻居在电话中聊天时，约翰一直在看电视。John was watching TV while his wife was talking with a neighbour over the phone.有些学生在唱歌跳舞，而另一些则在吃喝。Some students were dancing and singing while others were eating and drinking.我正开前门的时候，电话铃响了。Just as I was opening the front door, the telephone rang.你进来的时候我正要出门。Just as I was leaving the house, you came in.when也可以引导比较短暂的动作，while和as 则一般不行：我们正在吃晚饭时灯灭了。We were having supper when the lights went out.(go out v. 1. (火或灯光)熄灭 2. (新闻或消息)发布，公布，发表 3. (广播或电视节目)播放，播出 4. 送出，发出；派出 5. 退潮；落潮) (2) 过去进行时往往与表示一段时间的状语连用，如all morning, all night, all day, all evening, the whole week等，表示这段时间一直在干什么：e.g. 你整个晚上都干什么了？我到处都找不着你。What were you doing all evening? I couldnt find you anywhere.我去看望玛丽了。I was visiting Mary.整整两天他们一直在为晚会进行准备。They were preparing for the party for two whole days.Review 琰茞Ü 现在进行时 过去进行时肯定句S+am/is/are+doing(now).例：He is playing basketball now.S+was/were+doing.例：He was playing basketball at five last Sunday.否定句 S+am/is/are+not+doing(now).例：He is not playing basketball now.S+was/were+not+doing.例：He was not playing basketball at five last Sunday.一般疑 问句am/is/are+S+doing(now)?例：-Is he playing basketball now ? -Yes, he is./No, he isnt.was/were+S+doing?例:-Was he playing basketball at five last Sunday ? -Yes, he was./No, he wasnt.特殊疑问句What+am/is/are+S+doing(now)?例：-What is he doing now? -He is playing basketball.What+was/were+S+doing?例：-What was he doing at five last Sunday ? -He was playing basketball.2.短语动词中的小品词(The particles)注：particles 'p:tikl 名词 n. C1. 微粒;颗粒(+of)e.g. 灰尘 particles of dust2. 极小量(+of)他的报告没有一点真实性。There is not a particle of truth in his report. 3. (物)粒子,质点4. 【语法】 (与动词构成短语动词的副词或介词) 小品词在上一课的语法中已经提到，许多动词加上介词或副词后就会改变词义。这些介词和副词通常被称为小品词。它们没有词形变化。有些小品词既可以作介词又可以作副词。判断一个小品词是副词还是介词要看小品词有没有带宾语。有宾语的是介词，没有宾语的是副词。介词的位置相对固定些：e.g. 我在找蒂姆。(for 为介词，位置不能变动) I am looking for Tim. 她照顾那孩子。(after为介词) She looked after the baby. 他灭了火。(out为副词) He put out the fire. -He put the fire/it out. 母亲把孩子们叫醒了。(up为副词) Mother woke up the children -Mother woke the children/them up. 她把画取了下来。(down为副词) She took down the picture. -She took the picture/it down. 请把收音机关掉。(off为副词) Please turn off the radio. -Please turn the radio/it off. 约翰打开了电视。(on为副词) John turned on the TV. -He turned it on. 把蛋糕放在桌上。(on为介词) Put the cake on the table. 她正向山上走去。(up为介词) She is walking up the hill.Homework1. Finish the exercises on page33, 34 and 35 in your textbook.2. Remember the new words and expressions3. Recite the whole text.4. Read a little passage and then do multiple choice questions.5. To introduce your hometown. (at least 100 words)-