新概念第二册第3课教案.doc

Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date新概念第二册第3课教案Lesson 3 Please send me a cardLesson 3 Please send me a cardNew Words and Expressions1. send- v.: 寄，送给，传 send goods by plane 用飞机运送货物 send a message by radio 通过无线电发送消息 sent troops into the Middle East 派遣部队去中东 sent her children to college 送她的孩子们上大学 Radio Beijing sends the news all over the world. 北京广播电台向全世界播送新闻。【补充学习】其他关于“邮寄”的表达：1） mail 邮递（美式英语）：He mailed a letter for me. 他为我寄了一封信。2） post 邮递（英式英语）：Could you post this letter for me? 你能替我把这封信寄出去吗？Postcard- n. 明信片两个爆破音在一起，前者失去爆破音。这里/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音【补充学习】有关“邮政”的词语： post office 邮局；postman邮递员； postbag 一批信函；envelope信封；postbox邮筒；postcode邮政编码；postmark邮戳；postmaster邮政局长2. spoil v.: (1)损坏；使无用；破坏 spoiled the party 破坏了聚会 The rain has spoilt my painting. 雨水毁了我的画。 Mankind is warned to stop spoiling the environment. 人类受到警告不能再污染环境。 Our holidays were spoilt by bad weather. 我们假日的乐趣被恶劣天气所破坏。 The children kept quarreling and spoiled our holiday. 孩子们不断吵架，破坏了我们的假期。 The never-ending quarrel among the visitors certainly spoiled their appetite for the banquet. 客人们无休止的争吵当然破坏了宴会的胃口。【辨】 spoil，break，damage，destroySpoil 损坏，指损毁某物的价值或质量；把东西的质量变得不好; 生活中不顺心的事;宠坏, 溺爱; spoil主要指精神上的break打破，指破坏物体的完整性；break the windowsdamage常指造成一定的损失的破坏；程度不一定很重destroy彻底地摧毁(2)（对小孩）宠坏，惯坏 They spoil their children. 他们宠坏了他们的孩子们。 The child was spoilt by his grandfather. 这个孩子被他的爷爷给惯坏了。3. friendly: 友好的；朋友般的 friendly advice 友好的建议 a friendly warning 忠告 He is friendly to us all. 他对我们大家都很友好。 A friendly dog came to meet us. 一条友好的狗出来迎接我们。 He spoke in a friendly way. 他说话的态度很亲切。 He's a friendly sort of fellow. 他是和善的人。A friendly argument on any disputes is beneficial to the further understanding of the mutual views. 对任何争端进行友好的辩论有助于进一步了解相互的观点。经典用法: a friendly warning 忠告be on friendly terms with (=have friendly relations with) 跟.友好4. lend: / borrow: lend 指把东西借给别人，而borrow指向别人借东西While he was eating, I asked him to lend me 2. 在他进餐的时候，我要求他借给我两英镑钱。Lend me your ears. 请听我说呀。 Can you lend me some money? 你能借我点钱吗？He has never borrowed money from me. 他从未向我借过钱。 You can borrow this dictionary from the library. 你可以从图书馆借到这本字典。Tea is a borrowed word from Chinese. “茶”这个词是来自汉语的外来语。 I borrowed your good idea. 我借用了你的想法。经典用法：lend a helping hand: To be of assistance 有助于 lend itself to 适合于/ The music doesn't lend itself to dancing. 这音乐不适宜于跳舞。 borrow trouble:To take an unnecessary action that will probably engender adverse effects自找麻烦，杞人忧天, 庸人自扰【辨】lend，borrow，loan1） lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人（即借出） Could you lend 50 dollars to me?你能借给我50美金吗？2） borrow sth. from sb. 从某人借某物 （即接进）I borrowed an interesting book from the library. 我从图书馆借了一本有趣的书。3） loan sth. to sb.= loan/ lend sb. sth. 把某物借/贷给某人 The bank loaned me some money. 银行贷给我一些钱。4） loan sth. from sb. = borrow sth. from sb. 从某人借某物 Can I loan a pen from you for a day or so? 我可以借你的笔用一两天吗？5. decision: 选择；抉择；决定Have they reached a decision yet? 他们是否已有所决定？She could not make a decision about the dresses. 她对（买不买）这衣服下不了决心。 The judge will give his decision tomorrow. 法官将于明天做出判决。 Who made the decision to go fishing? 是谁决定去钓鱼的？经典用法：come to a decision 作出决定arrive at a decision 作出决定reach a decision作出决定make a decision 决定下来, 作出决定; 下决心词性变化：decide: vt. 决定, 决心 (2) 使下决心 (3) 对.起了决定作用 (4) 解决, 裁决, 判决Nothing has been decided. 什么也没有决定下来。He decided to go himself. 他决定亲自去。She has decided that she will be a doctor. 她已决定将来当个医生。The judge decided the case. 法官判决了这个案件。区别用法：decide 指“经过询问、研讨和考虑之后, 在几种可能的选择之中作出决定”, 如:She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday. 她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。determine指“决心作某一件事而不动摇”, 如:We have determined to get the work done ahead of schedule. 我们已经决定要提前完成这项工作。resolve指“打定主意做某事或不做某事”, 如:I resolve to study English. 我决定学英语。6. whole: (=complete)adj. 整个的; 全部的 a whole cake 整个蛋糕They told me the whole story. 他们给我讲了整个的故事。 the whole truth 全部真相 whole brothers 同胞兄弟（同父母的） Whole cities were destroyed by the earthquake. 许多城市整个被地震毁了。 I hope you will come back whole. 我希望你平安归来。n. 整体；全部 He put the whole of his money into the bank. 他把所有的钱都存进了银行。 Nature is a whole. 自然界是一个统一体。经典用法: on the whole 总的来说；从总体上看The weather this month has been good on the whole. 这个月的天气基本上是好的。a whole day 一整天 three whole years 整整三年the whole world 全世界区别用法：whole与all：1. 有时这两个词大致同义，只是位置不同：all 要放在冠词、指示代词、物主代词等之前，而 whole 应放在这些词之后。如：all the family / the whole family 全家2. 在复数名词前一般用 all，在单数可数名词前一般用 whole。如：All my friends are poor. 我所有的朋友都很穷。The whole building was burning. 整座楼都在燃烧。注意它们在意义上有差别：all 指一个不剩，即“全部”；whole 指一点不缺，即“整个”。3. 在不可数名词之前一般用 all，而不用 whole (偶尔有例外：the whole time / all the time; his whole energy / all hisenergy 等)，但在物质名词前则绝对不用 whole。如：误：the whole money 正：all the money 所有的钱误：the whole food 正：all the food 所有的食物误：the whole wine 正：all the wine 所有的酒4. 在表地点的专有名词之前，一般用 all 而不用 whole，但可用the whole of。如：all China / the whole of China 全中国5. 在时间名词(如day, week, month, year 等)以及季节名词(spring，summer, autumn, winter) 之前，两者都可用(注意冠词的位置)英语语法。如：all (the) day /the whole day 整天all (the) spring /the whole spring整个春天但在表示时间的 hour 和 century 之前，一般用 whole ，不用 all。如：I waited for her a the whole hour. 我等了她整整 1 小时。7. visit: 去游览；参观；访问 visit friends 拜访朋友 visit a museum 参观博物馆 visited London 游览伦敦 visit the sick 慰问病人We visited our friends in town. 我们去看望了城里的朋友。经典用法: pay a visit 访问（某人）； 参观（某地）/ She paid us a visit. 她拜访了我们。 visit with 访问; 看望；美找.聊天闲谈 / Stay and visit with me for a while. 留下来和我聊一会儿。8. think: (1) 想；思考；思考Have you thought about what job you are going to do? 你考虑过准备做什么工作了吗？ I'm thinking what to do next. 我在考虑下步怎么办。 You should think before doing that. 做那件事之前你应该考虑一下。(2) 以为；觉得；认为；相信 Do you think it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗?I don't think his decision is wise in reality. 实际上, 我觉得他的决定并不明智。(3) 企图，意料 I didn't think to find you here. 我没想到在这里遇到你。 He thinks to escape punishment. 他企图逃脱惩罚。习惯用法：；think of 考虑；思考；想起, 记得；想出(主意), 提出(建议)We are thinking of going to France. 我们考虑到法国去。 I can't think of his name at the moment. 我一时想不起他的名字。 Can you think of a good place for the holidays? 你能想出度假的好地方吗? I even thought of resigning.我甚至想辞职。think out 想出；想通；想透；仔细考虑 (= think over) Think out your answer before you start writing. 要想好答案再动笔。 Can you think out a good idea?  你能想出一个好主意吗?not think much of 看轻 / I don't think much of him. 不重视他。9. spend: 花钱；付款 (2) 花时间；度过How much money do you spend each week? 你每星期花多少钱？ I spent an hour reading. 我花了一小时读书。 Come and spend the weekend with us. 来和我们一起度周末吧。 We spent many hours in a pleasant conversation. 我们畅谈了好几个小时。 How do you spend your spare time?  你业余时间怎么打发？Now more and more city adults spend their leisure time trying to improve themselves at school or college. 现在城市里越来越多的成年人利用业余时间到学校或大学去深造。10. Single- adj. (=ongly) 单一的：a single man 单身男人；single or married 婚否; single ticket 单程票n. 单身，单曲：the womens singles 女子单打；a hit single 畅销单曲v. （=pick out / choose）挑出，选取： single sb. / sth. out (for sth.) 把某人/某物挑出、选出。本文语法：双宾语宾语主要分为两大类：直接宾语和间接宾语一句话总结：句子中的谓语动词后经常加两个宾语，间接宾语为动作的转载者，一般为人；直接宾语表示动作的真正承受或者结果，一般为物。直接宾语和间接宾语可以互相交换为止，二者之间常用介词to或for进行连接。To 表示方向，对象，for表示目的。常加介词to的动词有：Lend, send, pass, hand, give, pay, bring, sell, show, leave, tell, return, write, throw, teach, promise, award, accord, owe等。常加介词for的动词有：Buy, find, make, do, order, provide, fetch, get, paint, play, save, reserve, spare, order, cook, sing等。特例：sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人；sell sth. for sb. 为某人卖某物 Leave sth. to sb. 把某物留给某人；sell sth. for sb. 为某人卖某物 Read sth. to sb. 为某人读某物标题： Please send me a card参考翻译 请寄给我一张明信片语言点 典型双宾语用法：me 为间接宾语，a card为直接宾语。 此句可以改为：Please send a card to me.1. Postcards always spoil my holidays.参考翻译 明信片总是搅得我假日不得安宁。语言点1 always为频率副词，注意它谓语实义动词spoil之前 always 与 ever用法辨析：1） always 和ever 两个词的含义比较接进。Always 的含义是“总是”（=at all times / all the time）。However, this does not always happen. 然而，这种情况并不会总是发生。2） ever 的含义是“不管在什么时候”（=at any time）, 多用于疑问句和条件句中。Have you ever been to Beijing New Oriental School? 你去过北京新东方学校吗？3） forever 或 for ever意为“直到任何时候，永远”。I shall remember New Concept English forever. 我会永远记住新概念英语的。语言点2 holidays(英式)= vacations（美式）：表示一个假期有很多天，常以复数形式出现。2. Last summer, I went to Italy.参考翻译 去年夏天，我去了意大利。语言点1 last summer为过去时间状语，谓语动词为went,满足时间状语和时态一致的原则。语言点2 表达时间的单词：1） 月份，首字母大些：January一月，February二月，March 三月，April四月，May五月，June六月，July七月，August八月，September九月，October十月，November十一月，December十二月2） 星期，首字母大些：Monday星期一，Tuesday星期二，Wednesday星期三，Thursday星期四，Friday星期五，Saturday星期六，Sunday星期日。3） 季节，一般首字母小写：Spring春，summer夏，autumn（英式）/fall（美式）秋，winter冬。语言点3 Italy（意大利）重读在第一音节，Italian（意大利语，意大利人）重读在第二音节。3. I visited museums and sat in public gardens参考翻译 我参观了博物馆，还在公园里小憩。语言点1 and连接两个句子，形成并列句，要注意时态一致。 I ate an apple and drank a cup of cola. 我吃了个苹果，喝了杯渴了。 My sister read for an hour and went to bed. 我姐姐读了一个小时的书，然后就去睡了。语言点2 拓展学习1） public garden 公园；private garden 私家花园；public elementary school公立小学，public secondary school 公立中学；private elementary school 私利小学。 2）the public 公众；populace 平民，大众，老百姓；population人口4. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian参考翻译 一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语。语言点1 语言不可数, 所以要用a little Italian或a few words of Italian a few 几个，修饰可数名词。 A little 一点点，修饰不可数名词，还可以表述为 a little bit, a bit, somewhat. I am somewhat tired of this work. 我对这个工作有点厌倦了。语言点2 原句还可以表达为： A friendly waiter taught me a little Italian.5. Then he lent me a book.参考翻译 然后，他借给了我一本书。语言点 双宾语应用： lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物/把某物借给某人 Then he lent me a book. = Then he lent a book to me. I showed my mother(间接宾语) this wonderful picture(直接宾语). = I showed this wonderful picture （直接宾语）to my mother(间接宾语)6. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word.参考翻译 我读了几行，但一个单词都不认识。语言点1 read 意为“阅读，攻读，学习；看懂；辨认，觉察” Read a riddle 猜出谜语； read malice in sbs face 从某人脸上看出恶意 How do you read the sentence? 你怎么理解这句话？ My brother reads the news lately. 我弟弟最近才知道这个消息。语言点2 understand 意为“懂，理解”， 近义词有： comprehend, grasp, know, realize语言点3 understand的反义词有：misunderstand, misinterpret7. Everyday I though about postcards.参考翻译 假期里的每一天，我都在考虑明信片的事。语言点 think about 考虑，think为不及物动词，后不可直接加宾语。 用法：think of / about sth.= concern /consider sth. 考虑某事，记着某事 We are thinking of learning New Concept English Book Three. We concern about learning New Concept English Book Three.8. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends.参考翻译 我的假期过的飞快，但是我并没有给我的朋友们寄明信片。语言点 Time passed quickly/ slowly。 时间过得真快/慢！ How time flies! (口语) 光阴似箭！ Time after time ( =again and again)一次又一次地9. On the last day I made a big decision.参考翻译 在最后一天我作出了一项重大的决定。语言点1 “on the last+ 时间名词” 表示具体的时间点，意为“最后的” last 的两个常用的意思：1） 上一个：last summer上个夏天；last year去年；last week上周2） 最后的（=final）：Im the last one. 我是最后一个。语言点2 make a big decision 作出一项重大决定 （decision为名词） Decide to do sth. 决定去做某事（decide为动词） Make up ones mind 下定决心（动词短语）10 I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards.参考翻译 我起得很早并且去买了37张明信片。语言点 get up early/ late 起得早（晚）； get up a party 筹备一个舞会；get up a subject 研究一门学科；get up speed 加快速度。11. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!参考翻译 我在自己的房间里关了一整天，但是连一张明信片都没有写！语言点1 “sb. spend + 时间 + 地点” 意为“某人在某地度过了多长时间” My father spent two weeks in Beijing. 我爸爸在北京待了两个星期。语言点2 the whole day = all day整天语言点3 in ones room 在某人的房间里；in ones house 在某人的房子里： at ones house 在某人的家中 补充学习常见卡片相关表达Postcard 明信片Business card 商业名片Greeting card 柬贴Magnetic card 磁卡Christmas card 圣诞贺片Admission card入场卷Playing card 纸牌Access card 赊购卡Shop card 营业证Caution card 警告牌Cheque card 支票卡Clock card 考勤卡Job card 工作卡Pay card 工资卡Credit card 信用卡Identification card 身份证Register card 登记卡Red card 红牌（判罚出场）-