深圳八年级上册Unit-5-Educational-exchanges学案.docx

Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date深圳八年级上册Unit-5-Educational-exchanges学案Unit 5 Educational exchangesUnit 5 Educational exchanges一 重点单词和短语单词1. accept v. 接受；承认 （反义词refuse） 2. educational adj. 教育 （n. education）3. confident adj. 自信的 (n. confidence) 4. host n. 主人（反义词guest）5. own adj. 自己的 v. 拥有( n. owner) 6. culture n. 文化 (adj. cultural) 7.simple = easy adj. 简单的（反义词difficult）8. exchange n. & v. 交换；交流 9. deep adj. 深的 (adv. deeply) 10. improve v. 改善，改进 ( n. improvement)短语1. take a visit / trip to 去某处参观（旅行） 2. 2. be able to do 能够做3. give a talk about/ on sth. to sb. 向某人做关于某事的报告 4. throughout the world= all over the world 全世界5. live/ stay with 与生活在一起6. go on sightseeing (tours) 去观光 7. make friends with 与交朋友8. as well as 还；也；不及 9. since then 从那时起；打那以后10. keep/get in touch with 与保持联系 11. in case 万一12.in order that 为了 13. be confident of .对.感到有信心14. look forward to doing盼望做某事 15.apply for 申请16.go on a sightseeing tour 进行观光旅游 17. be deeply moved 被深深地打动18. win a scholarship 赢得奖学金 19. improve the situation 改善情况 二、课文及翻译An exchange visit is educational and interesting! A group of British students from Woodpark School in London are visiting Xinhua Junior High School in Beijing on an educational exchange. “I was very nervous at first,” says Sarah. “However, my host family are really friendly. Im glad to be a guest in their home. Ive learnt to use chopsticks, and theyre teaching me a little Chinese!” The students spend the weekdays studying with Chinese students. At the weekend, they tour around Beijing and visit places of interest with their host families. “Its been a fantastic experience so far,” says Eric. “ Ive learnt a bit of tai chi, and I really enjoy it. Weve already learnt a lot about Chinese culture and history. The teachers have introduced us to Chinese painting as well. Well also tried to paint some pictures ourselves! I havent had much success yet, but Ill keep trying.” “Ive made many new friends,” says Sarah.”I plan to keep in touch with them when I return home. Well see one another soon because theyll come over to the UK for the second part of the exchange next month. I cant wait!” 教育交流 交换访问有教育意义，并且很有趣! 一批来自伦敦Woodpark学校的英国学生正在一次教育交流中访问北京新华初中学校。 “一开始我很紧张,”莎拉说。“不过,我的寄宿家庭真的很友好。我很高兴成为他们家里的一个客人。我已学会了用筷子,并且他们正在教我一些汉语!” 学生们平日和中国学生一起学习。周末,他们到北京周边旅游，和他们的寄宿家庭一起参观名胜古迹。 “迄今为止都是一个奇妙的经历”，埃里克说。“我已经学会了太极拳,我真的很喜欢它。我们已经学到了很多关于中国文化和历史。老师还向我们介绍中国画。我们还将尝试自己画一些画!我还没有取得成功,但我会继续努力。” “我已交了许多新朋友,”莎拉说。“我打算当我回到家与他们保持联系,。我们很快就能见到彼此,因为他们将在下个月第二部分交流的时候来英国。我等不及了!”三、 语法现在完成时（一）：现在完成时说明在过去开始延续到现在（并可能延续到将来）的动作，或指过去发生的、与现在还有某种联系的动作。1、基本结构： 肯定句: 主语 + have / has + done + 其它 She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海. I have finished doing my homework. 我已经完成我的作业了. 否定句: 主语 + have / has + not +done + 其它 She hasnt finished doing his homework. 她还没有完成她的作业。 一般疑问句：Have / Has + 主语 + done + 其它 Have you seen this film ? Yes, I have. / No, I havent . 你看过这部电影吗? 是的, 看过. / 不, 没有. Has she finished doing his homework ? Yes, she has . / No, she hasnt. 她完成她的作业了吗? 是的, 完成了. / 不, 没有. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + have / has + 主语 + done + 其它 When has you seen this film ? 你什么时候看的这部电影? Who has finished doing his homework ? 谁完成了作业? 练一练：Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.否定句：_一般疑问句（并作回答） _ _2、用法： 表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。eg: - Have you had your lunch yet ？你吃过午饭了吗? - Yes, I have just had it. 是的, 我刚吃过。（说明现在饱了） I have lost my pen. 我把钢笔弄丢了。（过去某时丢的, 现在还没有找到） I have already watched the TV play。 我已经看过这部电视剧了。 - Have you found your lost pen yet？ 你找到丢失的钢笔了吗？ - No, I havent found it ye。不，我还没有找到。 The car has arrived.车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口）Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着） 表示动作或状态在过去已经开始, 持续到现在，可能还将持续下去。 常与for, since表示一段时间的状语或so far，now，today，this week (month，year) 等表示包括现在时间在内的状语连用。eg. He has studied English for 5 years. He has studied English since 2001. Now I have finished the work. since+过去的某个时间点 如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor+一段时间 表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。Exercise: since和for填空1) _ two years 2) _ two years ago 3) _ last month4) _ 1999 5) _ yesterday 6) _ 4 oclock7) _ 4 hours 8) _ an hour ago 9) _ we were children 10) _ lunch time 11) _ she left here用since和for填空1. Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland _ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia _15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there _ 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country _1974.6. The bus is late. They've been waiting _ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty _ many years.8. Mike has been ill _a long time. He has been in hospital _注意： 表示短暂性动作的词，如come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用（应转换为相应的延续性动词）。 表示持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。 即：当与一段时间连用时, 常用for 加一段时间, 这时谓语动词一定要用延续性的.eg：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。eg：We have lived here since 2000. 自从2000年以来我们一直住在这里。 （说明一直住在这里， 也许还会住下去。）常用延续性动词与非延续行动词之间的转换：leave-be away borrow- keep buy-havebegin/start-be on die- be dead finish- be overopen sth-keep sth open fall ill- be ill get up - be upcatch a cold- have a cold come here- be here become-bego there - be there come back-be back put on- wearget to/ arrive/ reach- be in leave- be away fromfall asleep- be asleepeg: He came here three days ago. 他三天前来的这. (一般过去时) He has been here for three days. 他来这已经三天了. (现在完成时与一段时间连用, 非延续性动词变延续性动词. ) He went to Dalian last week. 他上周去的大连. ( 一般过去时 ) He has been away for a week. 他已经离开有一周了. ( 现在完成时 ) I borrowed the book last month. 我去年借的这本书. (一般过去时) I have kept the book for a week. 我保管这本书有一周了.(现在完成时3、时间标志性词： 常与already（已经），yet（还没），ever（曾经）， never（从未），for + 段时间，since（自从）， just（刚刚）， before（以前），so far（到目前为止），by now（直到现在），recently（最近），these days,等连用。already，just多用于肯定句中，ever，yet，never多用于否定句和疑问句中。现在完成时常用标志性词一览表：already 已经强调某事已经发生 I have already done my homework 肯定句yet 已经（疑问句）还，尚（否定句）强调某事还未发生 I have not heard from her yet. 否定句 Has Millie called yet? 疑问句ever 曾经 强调在过去的任何时候 Have you ever watched this film? 疑问句never 从未强调过去从未 I have never read this story. 否定句for 长达指一段时间 I have known Sandy for two years. 肯定句 I have not seen her for two days. 否定句 Have you known him for a long time? 疑问句since 自从以来指持续到现在的一个时期的开始 I have had a cold since last week. 肯定句 I have not eaten anything since 9a.m. 否定句 Have you eaten anything since 9 a.m? 疑问句just 刚才，刚刚强调某事刚刚发生 I have just seen him. 肯定句recently 最近强调不是很久以前 I have been busy recently . 肯定句 We have not seen him. 否定句 Have they been here recently ? 疑问句already, yet, just, ever, never 专练： 1 -Have you _ been to the west lake? - No, I have _ been there. 2 I have _ read the novel twice. 3 Have you finished your work _? 4 I havent heard from her_. 5 He has _ gone shopping with his parents.5、词义辨析： 区别：have been to, have gone to, have been inhave been to 强调“去过”，现已不在那里，如：He has been to the USA three times.他到美国去过三次。（过去“到美国”，现在已“不在美国”）have gone to主要强调的是“去了”，但还没有回来，也许是在去的途中 eg:-Where's your mother? -你妈妈在哪？-She has gone to the hospital. -她去医院了。has been in 一直在某地（从过去一直延续到现在）练一练：（A）用have(has) been 或have(has) gone 填空。A: Where _ Li Fei _?B: He _ to Hainan Island.A: How long _ he _ there?B: He _ there for three days.A: When will he come back, do you know?B: Im afraid he wont come back recently.A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island?B: Sorry, I _ never _ there.A: How many times _ Li Fei _ to that place?B: He _ there only once. (B) 用have/has been to/in, have gone to的各种形式填空。Where is Jack? He _ his country.John _ England since he came back.How long _ have _ this village?The Smiths _ Beijing for years.现在完成时专练：- Hello! Can I speak to Alice ? - Sorry, she isnt here right now. She _ to the shop. A. goes B. will go C. has gone D. was going2. - When did you become a volunter ? - Two years ago. I _ this group since then. A. have joined in B. have joined to C. have been in D. have been to3. -_ you _ to the National Grand Theater ? -No, not yet. A. Did, go B. Do, go C. Have, gone D. Have, been4.-So far the government _ a lot for the Olympic Games. - So it has. Were all looking forward to this event.A. does B. is doing C. has done D. will do 5. Johns car is not here. I think he _ somewhere. A. goes B. went C. has gone D. will go 6. David _ Chinese since 20 years ago, and now he speaks it quite well. A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. will learn7. -Wheres Mr White ? -He _ the wash room. A. has been to B. has gone to C. is going to D. goes to 8. -What do you think of the new film ? -Its wonderful. I _ it twice. - A. saw B. have seen C. will see D. see9. -_ you _ him around the museum yet ? -Yes, we had a great time there. A. Do; show B.Did; show C. Have; shown 中考链接：现在完成时与中考题 单项选择：1I_  a letter from him since he left（天津市） Adidn't receive Bhaven't got Cdidn't have Dhaven't heard 2How long have you _ this book？（哈尔滨市） Abought Bborrowed Chad Dlent 3You've never seen such a wonderful film before，_ ？（河北省） Ahaven't you Bhave you Cdo you Ddon't you 4We have lived here _ five years ago（河南省） Awhen Bsince Cbefore Dafter 5I have watched the game When_ you _ it？（长沙市） Ahave；watched Bdo；watch Cdid；watch Dwill；watch 6How do you like Beijing，Mr Black？ Oh，I _ such a beautiful city（江西省） Adon't visit Bdidn't visit Chaven't visited Dhadn't visited 7The old people _ lonely at all since we began to visit them once a week（广州市） Adon't feel Bhasn't felt Chaven't felt Ddidn't feel 8My grandfather_  in the small town all his lifeHe always says he likes the town（四川省） Alived Bhave lived Chas lived Dis living 91）Miss Brown _ to the Great Wall twice（贵阳市） Ahave been Bhas been Chave gone Dhas gone 2）Mr. Li is not at home. He _to Shanghai.10His brother has been to Stone Forest twice _ he came to Yunnan（昆明市） Aafter Bbefore Csince Dfor 11His grandpa _ for two years（广西） Awas died Bhas been dead Cwas dead Dhas died 12. His sister _ her hometown for three years She'll return next year（合肥市） Aleft Bhas left Chas been away Dhas been away from-