被动语态专讲专练.doc

Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date被动语态专讲专练被动语态专讲专练被动语态专讲专练一 被动语态的构成 “助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化.各种时态的被动语态的构成：1.一般现在时态 am/ is/ are +及物动词的过去分词 2.一般过去时态 was/ were +及物动词的过去分词 3.一般将来时态 will或am/is/are going to+ be +及物动词的过去分词4.现在完成时态 have/ has + been +及物动词的过去分词5.过去完成时态 had + been +及物动词的过去分词6.现在进行时态 am/ is/ are + being +及物动词的过去分词7含情态动词的 情态动词 + be +及物动词的过去分词8 动词不定式 to be+及物动词的1 We _ (tell) not to play computer games.2 The children _ (teach) to swim last month.3 More and more trees _ (plant) now.4 Im sorry you cant go in now. The room _ (not clean) yet.5 A talk on science _ (give) in our school next Monday.6 The trees must _ (water) three times a week.7 My bike needs to _ (repair).二 用法A) 当动作执行者不知道，不需要或不愿说出时8 Smoking _ (not allow).9 Football _ (play) in most part of the world.10 When he _ (invite) to have dinner, he always refused politely.B) 需要突出或强调动作的承受者时11 This chair _ (make) of wood.12 He _ (regard) as an expert.13 We _ warmly _ ( welcome) there.14 A large hole must _ (dig).C) 若有必要说明动作的执行者，则用by引出。15 The money _ (steal) by that man in the car.16 English _ (use) by travelers and businessmen all over the world.注：不及物动词happen、appear、 take place、 belong to等无被动语态。三 几种特殊情况A）带有介词、副词的短语动词的被动结构不可丢掉介词或副词。17 Aliens _ （谈论）by many people.18 Your pronunciation should _ （注意）19 Older people should be _（说） politely.20 The girl was unhappy because she _（嘲笑） by some boys in the class.B）感官动词和使役动词的被动语态后接带的to不定式.22 Li Yong was seen _ (sweep) the floor this morning.23 Lily is often heard _ (sing) in her bedroom.C) 双宾语动词若将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保留在谓语后，将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语前加to或for.25 Last week he sent me a letter. I was sent a letter last week. A letter was sent to me last week.26 I bought my son a coat yesterday. My son _ yesterday. A coat _ yesterday.D）主动语态的主语是表地点的名词，应改为“in+地名”作状语。27 Northwest China grows the best cotton. The best cotton _ Northwest China.E) 当否定句的宾语是anything, anyone, anybody 等不定代词时，改动语态应用nothing, no one, nobody 作主语，并将谓语动词有否定变为肯定。28 The government hasnt done anything to stop the pollution. Nothing _ to stop the pollution.29 They didnt ask anybody to help them. No one/ Nobody _ to help them.四 主动结构表被动含义。A） 当主语为物，动词为begin, start, end, stop 等。30 Classes _ (begin).31 The bus _ (stop).B) 连系动词look, smell, feel, sound, taste等。32 The flowers _ (look) beautiful.33 The food _ (taste) good.34 Cotton _ (feel) soft.C) 动词不定式作后置定语。35 I have a lot of homework _ (do).36 She has lots of clothes _ (wash).37 The children dont have enough money _ (spend).D) open, sell, read, write, cook, cut等用作不及物动词时。38 The book _ (sell) well.39 The cloth _ (wash) well.40 The knife _ (cut) well.E) be worth doing结构。 41 The book is worth _ (read).F) need后接动-ing表被动。42 The bike needs _ (repair).注：感官动词的被动语态也可接动词ing 表示动作正在进行。43 I noticed her running to the shop. She _ the shop.44 I can hear a bird singing in the tree. A bird _ in the tree.主动语态变被动语态的步骤：1主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；2把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)3主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由by引出，当不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。4.其它成分不变。 Many people speak English. English is spoken by many people. All the people laughed at him. _.一 把下列句子变为被动语态.1 He often sings the song. _.2 He hurt his leg in the match. _.3 She will sell her house soon. _.4 He is repairing the machine. _5 They have finished their work . _.6 What did they say at the meeting? _.7 He gave me some old magazines . _.8 She told me to wait at the gate. _.9 My father bought me a new computer yesterday. _10 I saw him go into the teachers office. _.二 单项选择。( ) 1 In some countries, tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served( ) 2 I want to sit at the table near the window. Sorry，_ already.A. it took B. it takes C. it is taking D. it has been taken( ) 3 The letter _ three days ago and it _ yesterday. A. had post , had arrived B. was posted , arrivedC. posted , arrived D. had been posted , was arrived( ) 4 He told me that the final examination _ next Thursday. A. is given B. will be given C. would have given D. would be given( ) 5 Water _ into ice. A. will changed B. must be changed C. should change D. can be changed( ) 6 A strange sound _ yesterday evening. A. was heard B. hears C. heard D. is heard( ) 7 A beautiful bike _ him by his classmates. A. sent to B. will sent to C. was sent to D. will be sent for( ) 8 The new play _ in theatre now. Why dont you go in and see it ? A. is being shown B. is showing C. is shown D. shows( ) 9 Can you tell _ ? A. when did it happen B when was it happenedC. when it happened D. when it was happened( ) 10 _ the job _ by Lucy or by John ? Tell me the truth , please. A. Has finished B. Has being finished C Is finish D Has been finished( ) 11 Who was the book_?A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by( ) 12 How dirty the tables are! They need_.A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleaned( ) 13 The book is worth _. A seeing B. reading C. seen D. read( ) 14 The apple _ very sweet.A. is tasted B tastes C are tasting D taste ( ) 15 The man _ for more than ten hours a day.A made to work B. was made working C. was made work D. was made to work( ) 16 He was seen _ at this time yesterday.A dance B to dance D dancing D danced( ) 17 The teacher must _ carefully in class. A listen B be listened C be listened to D be listening( ) 18 Doctors _ in every part of the world. A need B was needing C are needed D will need( ) 19 My brother and I have _her birthday party. A. been invitedB . been invited forC . invited toD . been invited to( ) 20 That suit _ over 60 dollars. A . had costedB . costedC . is costedD . cost( ) 21 Great changes _ in my hometown since 1980. A. have been taken place B. took place C. have taken place D. were taken place( ) 22 Do you like the skirt ? It _ soft.A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt( ) 23 _ trees usually _ in April?A. Have; planted B Are; planted C. Do; plant D. Were; planted( ) 24 The building _ last year. A. is build B. was built C. has been built D. should be( ) 25 Will the job _ in ten minutes?A. finish B. be finish C. be finished D. finished( ) 26 This English song_ by the girls after class.   A often sings B. often sang  C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 27 The key _ on the table when I leave.  A. was left B will be left C. is left D. has been left ( ) 28 Japanese _ in every country.    A is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking( ) 30 The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow( ) 31 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday.   . A is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown( ) 32 The pot _ for _ hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( ) 33 Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather. A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung( ) 34 The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing-