译林五年级英语易错语法整理.doc
Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date译林五年级英语易错语法整理译林五年级英语易错语法整理五年级英语易错语法整理1第一人称只有我和我们,第二人称只有你和你们,其他全部都是第三人称。当是第三人称时,如果只有一个人或一样东西,那么就是第三人称单数,不可数名词作单数理解,如:There is some bread on the plate. “bread(面包)”是不可数名词,所以用“is”。2. like + v-ing 如:like swimming would like + to +动词原形 如:would like to go Id like = I would like3. like + 名词的复数 如:like dogs 4. go + 动-ing 如:go climbing, go swimming ,go fishing5. How many + 可数名词复数 如: how many classrooms6. different + 名词复数 如:different countries 不同国家7. same 前加the , 后面一般跟单数,如: the same hobby 同样的业余爱好8. 序数词前一定加the ,如:the first day 第一天;the second student 第二个学生9. 在几点用 at, 如 at seven oclock , on ,如:on Sunday, on Sunday morning, 直接在早上、下午或晚上用in,如:in the morning /afternoon/evening10. 动词后用宾格(动宾)如: help me ; push me11. 介词后宾格(介宾)如: with him , to her 除非是 如: with his father on your desk12. want to +动原, would like to + 动原, Its time to + 动原13. 情态动词can, (could, may, must, need, shall , should, will, would. ) 后面加动原 14. lets 后加动原。lets = let us (Lets go climbing.)15. 祈使句中动词用原形,否定句在句首加Dont 如:Open the door, please. à Dont open the door, please. 16. 助动词(do, does, dont, doesnt)后动词用原形 17. some用于肯定句,any用于否定句。陈述句改成疑问句和否定句时,some变成any. 除非是表示一种请求或希望得到肯定回答时如:Can you get me some fruit? Could you help me do some washing? Shall we buy some toys? Would you please give me some pens? 18. There be 结构就近原则 如:There is a teacher and some students in the classroom. 19. 常见不可数名:water, coffee, tea, milk, juice, bread, rice, food, fruit,chicken(鸡肉), fish(鱼肉), chocolate(表示巧克力的时候) 20. apple tree, tiger mask, picture book, flower stamp这类短语变复数,前面一个词不变,后面一个变复数。apple tree à apple trees; tiger mask à tiger masks; flower stamp à flower stampspicture book à picture books 21. 表示一个什么的时候,元音字母开头的用an. 如:an apple, an English lesson, an art room22. 名词变复数,除了以下情况,一般都是加s 1). 以“ s. x, z, th, ch, sh”结尾的,加“es”; buses, glasses2). 以o结尾的,如果没有生命加s, 如果有生命的加es. 如:photos, potatoes(土豆), tomato(西红柿) 3). 以“y”结尾的,如果“y”前面是辅音字母,去“y”加“ies”,除了元音字母“a, e, i, o, u”,其他都是辅音字母;library à libraries, story stories, toy àtoys, monkey à monkeys 4). 以“f, fe”结尾的把“f, fe”变成“ves”. 5). 不规则变化:child àchildren, woman àwomen, man àmen, foot àfeet, tooth àteeth, mouse àmice 6). 单复数同形:sheep,fish(鱼), Chinese(中国人), Japanese(日本人), deer(鹿) 23. 乐器前加the, 球类前不加the, (play the 乐器,play 球类)如:play the piano, play football 24. Its time for sth. 或 Its time to do sth. 如:Its time for breakfast.= Its time to have breakfast. 25. 在句首或表示星期,学科,国家,语言的单词,首字母大写。 26. 一般疑问句:由be动词(am, is, are),情态动词(can, could, may, must, need, shall , should, will, would)及助动词(do, does)引导的疑问句。改一般疑问句方法如下: a. 先找be动词:am, is, are。找到后放到句首,其余照抄,注意句号变问号,I和we变成you; me和us变成you; my和our变成your; some变成any。如:He is hungry. à Is he hungry? b. 找不到be动词再找情态动词:can,( could, may, must, need, shall , should, will, would)找到后放到句首,如:Helen can swim fast. à Can Helen swim fast? c. 既没有be动词也没有情态动词,则在句首添加助动词,三单加does,别的加do,其余照抄。注意句号变问号,动词变原形,如:Mike plays football well. à Does Mike play well? 27. 回答一般疑问句时要注意与引导词对应。 如: Is he interesting? à Yes, he is. / No, he isn t. Can Helen swim fast? à Yes, she can. / No, she cant. Does Mike play well? à Yes, he does. / No, he doesn t. 28. 改否定句:参照一般疑问句改法。注意some变any a. 先找be动词:am, is, are,找到后在后面加not,其余照抄 如:There are some flowers. à There are not any flowers. (are not=arent, is not=isnt, am not没有缩写) b. 找不到be动词再找情态动词,找到后在后面加not,其余照抄 如:He can jump high. à He can not jump high. (can not=cannot=cant)c. 既没有be动词也没有情态动词,则在动词前面加助动词,三单加doesnt,别的加dont,其余照抄,注意加了之后动词要变原形。 如:His uncle has a parrot. à His uncle doesn t have a parrot . I like dancing. à I dont like dancing. 29. 对划线部分提问,即改特殊疑问句。先找到合适的疑问词来替代划线部分,放在句子最前面,然后参照一般疑问句改法。一样的去找be动词和情态动词,有的就加在疑问词后面,没有的在疑问词后面加助动词,其余照抄,注意事项和一般疑问句一样。 如: -