英语语法精讲：强调句型it练习题.doc

精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除强调句型“六强调” It作引导词，用于强调结构，一般用来强调陈述句中除谓语动词以外的大多数句子成分，包括主语、宾语、状语和相关从句等，用来加强语气。这种强调句型一般用“It be +被强调部分+that（who）+其它部分”来构成，常用于现在时和过去时。如： I happened to meet Tom in the street the day before yesterday. It was Tom that I happened to meet in the street the day before yesterday. It was I who / that happened to meet Tom in the street the day before yesterday. It was in the street that I happened to meet Tom the day before yesterday. It was the day before yesterday that I happened to meet Tom in the street.I. 如果强调的部分是人，则人称代词须保持原来的形式，这时连接词可用who, whom代替that。如： It is he who / that teaches us French. It is us who / whom / that he teaches French.II. 如果强调句子中的地点、时间或原因状语时，连接词仍用that，不能用where, when或why。如： It is at the street crossing that I met one of my classmates that I had not seen for ages. It was last month that I took part in the Palace ball. 我是在上个月参加的宫廷舞会（不能用when）。 It was for this reason, I suppose, that the book took a long time to come out. 我想正是由于这种原因使得那本书很长时间才出版（不能用why）。III. 当强调notuntil结构时，须将not until连用，后面接肯定式。It is/was not until +从句+that+主语。如： It was not until at that time that I realized what trouble he was in. It was not until the bell rang that the teacher stopped his lesson.IV. 强调句型的一般疑问句须将be的形式提前，放在句首。如： Was it the book of this kind that they liked in their childhoods? Can it be Jack that stole the purse of the woman?V. 强调句型还可用特殊疑问句。如： What was it that started the big fire in the building? When was it that she returned the book to the library? Where was it that he had worked before he came to this place?VI. 强调句型与主语从句的区别：强调句型可以还原成正常语序的句子，也就是说，强调句型中去掉It be that后，句子仍然通顺，意义也依然完整，只是没有那么强调突出。而含主语从句的复合句中的it是指示代词，后面多为系表结构或被动语态。如果去掉It bethat，句子就不通顺了。如： It was in the lab that was taken charge by Professor Harris that they did the experiment. （=They did the experiment in the lab that was taken charge by Professor Harris.） It is certain that he is honest and modest. It is known to all that paper was made first in China.英语中，表示强调的方法一般分为三种：位置的强调；用词强调；句型强调。如：一、位置强调英语句子的语序，一般为：主、谓、宾、表、状。有时为了强调某个成份，就故意将它移到句首或句末。如：A.强调主语及状语。如：(1) I was reading English this morning. This morning, I was reading English. 今天早晨，我一直在读英语。(2) Ill go to see Li Lei tomorrow. Tomorrow, Ill go to see Li Lei. 明天，我要去看李蕾。B. 强调谓语(as, though引导的让步状语从句)(1) Though he will try, he cant succeed. Try as / though he will, he cant succeed. (2) Though she can sing, she cant sing well. Sing though / as she can, she cant sing well. C. 强调宾语或表语(as, though引导的让步状语从句)(1) Though he learnt English, he didnt learn it well. English as / though he learnt, he didnt learn it well. (2) Though he is ill, he keeps on working. Ill as / though he is, he keeps on working. 二、用词强调英语中强调的另一种方法，就是用不同的词进行夸张从而达到强调的目的。用词强调有以下几种形式。A. 在句子中的谓语动词前加助动词do, 对谓语进行强调。如：(1) I do like swimming. 我的确喜欢游泳。(2) He did go there last night. 他昨天晚上的确去过那儿。B. 用awfully, badly, dead, deeply, ever, extremely, highly, indeed, lightly, notat all, particularly, pretty, really, so, strongly, terribly, utterly, very, very much,等副词修饰以加强语气。如：(1) He wants to get it very much. 他非常像得到它。(2) I miss you terribly. 我非常思念你。C. 用短语at all, on earth, in the world, under the sun等表示强调，意思是：到底，究竟，根本。如：(1) I dont know it at all. 我一点也不知道。(2) What on earth are you doing there? 你到底在那干什么？4) 用重复某一个词或短语来强调。如：(1) He thought and thought, and suddenly he got a good idea. 他想啊想啊，突然想到了一个好主意。(2) He ran and ran, and at last he caught up with other students. 终于赶上了其他的同学们。三、用句子来强调A句型强调英语中最常见的强调手段，也是我们必须要掌握的方法就是句型强调，即：强调句型。It is / was + 被强调的部分 + that (who)如：(1) It was in the room that Li Lei was born. 李蕾出生就在这间房子。(2) It is Wei Fang who has broken the record. 就是魏方打破了纪录。B在使用强调句型时须注意的几个问题：(A) 原句子是现在时或将来时，强调句用It is + 被强调的部分 + that (who); 若原句子是过去时，强调句用：It was + 被强调的部分 + that (who)(1) Li Leis father will work in America. It is in America that Li Leis father will work. 李蕾的父亲的工作将就在美国。(2) I studied at this school a few years ago. It was at this school that I studied a few years ago. 几年前我就在这所学校读书。(B) 即使被强调的部分是复数，It后面始终用单数形式。如(from )(1) Tom and Lucy gave us much help. It was Tom and Lucy that gave us much help. 正是汤姆和露西给了我们很多的帮助。(2) I saw swans in the lake yesterday. It was swans that I saw in the lake yesterday. 昨天我看到在湖里的就是天鹅。(C) 强调人时，可用who 代替that, 但若强调时间、地点、原因、方式时，不能用when, where, why, how代替 that。如：(1) It is our teacher who / that helps us make great progress. 正是我们的老师帮助我们取得了很大的进步。(2) It is by bus that I go to school every day. 每天我就是乘公共汽车上学。(D) 在强调notuntil结构中的时间状语时，应将not移到until前，再将not until部分移到被强调的位置。如：I didnt go to bed until twelve oclock last night. It was not until twelve oclock last night that I went to bed. 昨天晚上我一直到十二点才睡。(E) 强调一般疑问句中的某一成分时，将强调句中的主句用一般疑问语序。如：(1) Do you like English?It is English that you like? 英语就是你喜欢的吗？(2) Will you go to London?It is London that you will go to? 你要去的就是伦敦吗？(F)特殊疑问句中只有疑问词可以被强调。句型为：特殊疑问词+be + it that+? 如：(1) What made him so angry?What is it that made him so angry? 是什么东西使他如此生气？(2) Why did she cry?Why was it that she cried? 是什么原因使他哭了起来？(G) 强调主语时，who 或that后面的谓语形式须与被强调的主语保持一致。如：(1) Lily speaks Chinese very well. It is Lily who / that speaks Chinese very well. (2) Children like stories. It is Children that like stories. 孩子们喜欢故事。(H) 强调句中的be前可用表推测的情态动词：must, can, may等。如：(1) It must be Piney that sent us this present. 肯定是Piney 给我们寄来了这件礼物。(2) How can it be that he didnt pass the exams. 他考试没有通过怎么可能呢？(I) 强调句型不用于强调谓语、表语、since, as等引导的原因状语从句。如：He is better today since he can walk around without my help. 就不能有下列强调形式：It is better today that he is today since he can walk around without my help. (错) It is since he can walk around without my help that he is better today. (错) 归纳：强调句的结构是“It is / was +强调部分 + that / who-从句”，it在句中作先行词，被强调的部分通常是主语、宾语和状语。这是it的主要用法和考点之一。一 在强调句中，被强调的是状语或状语从句时，要用that引导从句，而不能用which引导,而且通常不能省略。强调状语（从句）是历年高考中最主要的考点。例如（MET95）：It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began.A. while B. which C. that D. since答案是C。不能选B，因为该句中被强调的部分是时间状语从句。二 被强调的是非人称主语或宾语时，现代英语既可用that引导，也可用which引导。例如（NMET2000）：It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are.A. one B. that C. what D. it答案是B，其中that也可换成which。又如：It is the sun that / which gives us light and heat. 是太阳给了我们光和热。三 被强调者为人时，引导词用who或that。例：Was _ that I saw last night at the concert?A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself答案是A。句中的引导词that可换用who。有时强调句以倒装（疑问句）形式出现，此时可用“还原法”加以辨别。必须注意的是，当被强调的是主语时，代词要用主格形式。例如：It was I who discovered the secret first. 是我最先发现这个秘密的。四 对notuntil时间状语从句进行强调时，其句型是：It is / was not until that-从句，即not和until在强调句中总是紧挨着的。例：It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star.A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then答案是B。注意习惯上不用not till，而且从句不能用when引导。五 强调句和修饰时间及地点的定语从句的区别。比较下面两例：Was it in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded _ landing on the moon?A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in It was December26, 1893 _ Mao Zedong was born in the common village.A. when B. that C. which D. in which答案分别是D和A。前一句是强调句，因为被强调的部分in 1969是that从句中一个完整的句子成分，改为非强调句后的句子是：The American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon in 1969。 而后一句的December 26, 1893不能成为从句的一个完整成分，所以不是强调句，而是定语从句，December 26, 1893是先行词。在强调句中，it是先行词；在第二句中，it作主语，指时间。六 被强调的不管是单数还是复数名词，主句的be动词都用单数，即is或was。例如：It _ Madame Curie and his husband Pierre who discovered radium.A. is B. was C. are D. were答案是B。由于所叙述的是过去的事，不能用is。英语强调句型练习题1. It was last year_ you taught me how to drive. A.when        B.that         C.where         D.which 2.It was_ he said_ disappointed me. A.that；what                   B.what；that     C.what；what                  D.that；that 3.It was in the factory_ produced TV sets _our friend was murdered. A.which；which             B.that；which      C.that；that                    D.where；that 4._ find my wallet，Tom？ A. Where did you that       B.Where was it youC.Where have you             D.Where was it that you 5.It was not until 1920_regular radio broadcast began.A.while       B.which        C.that       D.since 6.It is the ability to do the job_matters， not where you came from or what you are. A.one          B.it              C.what          D.that 7.It is these poisonous products _can cause the symptoms of the flu，such as headache and aching muscles.A.who          B.that         C.how           D.what8.I feel it is your husband who_for the spoiled child.A.is to blame                  B.is going to blame   C.is to be blamed           D.should blame9.It was for this reason_ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.A.which         B.why          C.that         D.how10.Where was it_the road accident happened yesterday？In front of the market.A.when           B.that          C.which         D.how11.It is_ who_ reasonable.A.me；am   B.me；is   C.I；am   D.I；is12.It was the dean_walked by.A.where       B.who       C.what       D.which13.It was not until she had arrived home _ her appointment with the doctor.A.did she remember         B.that she rememberedC.when she remembered        D.had she remembered14.It was in Beihai Park_ they made a date for the first time _ the old couple told us their love story.A.where；that            B.that；thatC.where；when            D.that；when15.Why was _ you lost all your keys？It was because of my carelessness.A.that       B.wha       C.it that       D.one16.It was _ I met Mr. Smith in London.A.many years that                   B.for many years sinceC.since many years ago when    D.many years ago that17.Was_Bill，_ played basketball very well，_ helped the blind man across the street.A.that；that；who       B.it；that；thatC.it；who；that           D.this；who；who18.Was it in 1969_the American astronaut succeeded _landing on the moon.  A.when；on   B.that；on   C.when；in   D.that；in19.Was it in this palace_ the last emperor died？ A.that      B.in which      C.what      D.he20.Was it during the Second World War_he died？  A.that    B.while    C.in which    D.then21. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one22. It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. A. because B. which C. since D. thatIt was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go24. Why! I have nothing to confess. _ you want me to say? A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that25. It was only with the help of the local guide _. A. was the mountain climber rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescued C. when the mountain climber was rescued D. then the mountain climber was rescued26. It is these poisonous products _ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. A. who B. that C. how D. what15 BBCDC     610 DBACB      1115  CBBAC   1620  DCDAA21-26CDCAB B 【精品文档】第 7 页