通用版高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读unit3lifeinthefuture.doc

Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date通用版2018高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit3Lifeinthefuture通用版2018高考英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读Unit3LifeinthefutureUnit 3Life in the future.写作单词会拼写1guiden指导；向导；导游vt.指引；指导2toleratevt.容忍；忍受3lackvt.& vt.缺乏；没有n.缺乏；短缺的东西4switchn.开关；转换vt.转换5previousadj.在前的；早先的6desertn.沙漠；荒原7impressv.使留下深刻印象impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的impressionn.印象；感想；印记8constantadj.时常发生的；连续不断的constantlyadv.不断地9surroundvt.围绕surroundingadj.周围的surroundingsn.周围的事物；环境10adjustvt.调整；使适应adjustmentn.调整；调节11pressvi.& vt.按；压；逼迫n.按；压；印刷；新闻pressuren.压力12instantn.瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的instantlyadv.马上13representv.代表representativen.代表；典型人物adj.典型的；有代表性的14settlev.定居；解决settlementn.定居；解决15optimisticadj.乐观(主义)的optimismn.乐观主义.阅读单词要识记16aspect n方面；层面17timetable n.时间表；时刻表18citizen n.公民；居民；市民19greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的20swallow vt.吞下；咽下21fasten vt.系牢；扎牢22motivation n.动机23enormous adj.巨大的；庞大的24recycle vt.回收利用；再利用25uncertain adj.不确切的；无把握的高频短语会默写1take up拿起；接受；开始；继续2be back on one's feet(困境后)恢复；完全复原3lose sight of.看不见4sweep up打扫；横扫5slide into(快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进6speed up加速7remind sb.of.使某人想起8be similar to与相似9in all directions四面八方10show sb.around 带领某人参观教材原句会背诵句式仿写能应用1.At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.(beadj.to do结构)1.就我个人而言，他随和并很容易相处。As far as I'm concerned，he is easy­going and easy to get along with.2.Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached.(过去分词作状语)2.假如给予更多的关心和照顾，这个孩子就不会变得如此自私和淘气。Given more attention and caring，the child wouldn't have become so selfish and naughty.3.Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.(adj.作伴随状语)3.长途旅行后，他们三个回到了家，又饿又累。After the long journey，the three of them went back home，hungry and tired.4.Well，now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.(where在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词a system)4.销售总监是一个职位，在这个职位中，交际能力和销售技巧同等重要。Sales director is a position where communication ability is just as important as sales skills.精讲3个考纲单词 lack vi.& vt.缺乏；没有 n缺乏；短缺的东西高考佳句What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescents' desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world.(2016年北京高考·阅读理解)现在缺乏的是青少年对自主性的渴望与他们对不安全世界的理解之间的矛盾。(1)for lack of因缺乏a lack of缺乏(2)lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的be lacking in缺少Despite his lack of experience，he got the job.他虽然经验不足，但还是获得了这份工作。More and more high­rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space.由于缺少空间，大城市里建起了越来越多的摩天大楼。 tolerate vt.容忍；忍受经典例句In some experts' opinion，living conditions on the Mars are very hard to tolerate.在一些专家的眼中，火星上的生活条件非常艰苦难以忍受。(1)tolerate(one's/sb.)doing sth.容忍(某人)做某事stand(sb.)doing sth.忍受/容忍(某人)做某事bear sb.doing/to do sth.忍受/容忍某人做某事put up with忍受；容忍(2)tolerance n.宽容tolerant adj.宽容的I can't tolerate/stand speaking(speak)to your mother in such a rude manner.我不容许(你)用这种无礼的方式给你母亲说话。Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase，she gave him a tolerant(tolerate) smile and let him go.(2014年湖北高考·多项选择)她没有指责打破花瓶的男孩，而是给他一个宽容的微笑让他走了。【导学号：30892122】 instant n瞬间；片刻 adj. 立即的；立刻的高考佳句Furthermore，voting on the Internet makes instant feedback possible.(2016年江苏高考·书面表达)此外，网上投票使得即时反馈成为可能。(1)(2)instantly adv.立即；马上(3)一就The instant I saw him I knew he was the man the police were looking for.我一看见他就认出他正是警方在寻找的那个人。In an instant/Instantly，he took off his coat and jumped into the water.瞬间，他脱下大衣跳进了水里。The boss wants the job finished instantly(instant)老板要求立刻完成这项工作。诠释3个核心短语 take up 占有(时间/空间)；继续；开始；接受；拿起；开始从事一词多义写出下列句子中take up的含义He took up the telephone receiver and began to dial.拿起I put the telephone down and took up my work again.继续(2015年陕西高考·语法和词汇知识)Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.开始从事Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？接受We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up.占据take off脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞take over接管；获得对的控制或管理take down写下；记下；拆除take in吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗take on呈现；雇用；承担；从事Internet shopping will ready take off when people make sure that it is safe.当人们确信了网购的安全性时，它就已经成功了。 lose sight of. 看不见；忽略经典例句Only a short­sighted man will lose sight of the importance of education.只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。(1)catch sight of发现；看到lose one's sight失明come into sight进入视野内；映入眼帘(2)at first sight乍一看at the sight of看到out of sight看不到At the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was out of sight.在火车站，母亲向女儿挥手告别直到火车从她的视野中消失。【导学号：30892123】We stood at the window until their car came into sight.我们站在窗前直到看到他们的车子。 speed up 加速高考佳句Obviously，a good learning habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.(四川高考·书面表达)显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们尽快达到我们的目标。(1)reduce speed/slow down减速pick up speed逐渐加速(2)at high/low/full/top speed以高/低/全/最高速at a speed of.以速度The police are advising motorists to reduce speed because of the fog. 由于有雾，警察告诫驾车者减慢速度。How did the accident come about since he drove at a speed of sixty miles per hour？既然他以每小时60英里的速度开车，那么事故是怎样发生的呢？链接写作句型转换The train picked up speed and soon disappeared in my line of sight.Picking up speed，the train soon disappeared in my line of sight.(分词作状语)【导学号：30892124】突破2个高考句型 Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜的空气，我头痛。Hit by a lack of fresh air为过去分词短语作状语。过去分词在句中作状语时，和句子的主语是被动关系，在句中可以作时间、条件、原因、方式、让步及伴随状语。过去分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。Located(locate)in the central district，the Xi'an Hotel offers the best service with the lowest price.西安宾馆位于中心地带，其提供的服务最优，价格最低。Offered(offer)an important role in a new movie，Andy has got a chance to become famous.因为安迪在一部新电影中被分给一个重要角色，他得到了一个成名的机会。【导学号：30892125】链接写作句式升级They were influenced by natural disasters in the summer of 2016.2016年夏季他们受到自然灾害的影响。The majority of farmers took a positive attitude to their life.大多数农民对待生活还是持积极态度的。Influenced by natural disasters in the summer of 2016，the majority of the farmers took a positive attitude to their life(把句合并，用分词作状语) Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。形容词exhausted在句中作原因状语。形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。Seriously injured，some of the passengers were sent to the nearest hospital at once.因严重受伤，其中有些乘客被立刻送到最近的医院。Too nervous(nervously)，I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam.(2014年四川高考·书面表达)由于太紧张，考试刚开始时我什么也想不起来。He spent seven days in the wind and snow，cold and hungry他又冷又饿地在风雪中过了7天。多角快练练单词 练短语 练句型基础考点全面练.单句语法填空1Everyone needs to learn new things (constant) on the job and it is common practice for people to go back to shool.【导学号：30892126】2We encourage each student to take a new sport or to try a new form of exercise.3The (impress) he made on me was that he was no more than a reserved young man.4When Li Qiang arrived in the future at first, he found that the new surroundings were difficult (tolerate)5All passengers on board are expected (fasten) the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands.【答案】1.constantly2.up3.impression4.to tolerate5.to fasten.单句改错1The instantly Wang Yaping, a female astronaut, turned up at the meeting, the crowd cheered. 2As far as I know, the school can't tolerate cheat in the exam. 3Worrying about her daughter, the mother came to see her yesterday. 4She climbed up to the top of the hill, from which she could have a good view of the whole town. 【答案】1.instantlyinstant2.cheatcheating3.WorryingWorried4.whichwhere重难考点多维练1分词作状语(1)用所给词的适当形式填空 (wear) out after a long walk, Kate called and said she couldn't come to the party. (take) 30 minutes before each meal, the medicine is very effective against the illness. (face) with the increasing unemployment，many people went on strike in most of the European countries.(2)句型转换(每空一词)When it is seen from the top of the high building, the park looks even more beautiful. the top of the high building, the park looks even more beautiful.When I see the park from the top of the high building, I find it even more beautiful. the top of the high building, I find the park even more beautiful.【答案】WornTakenFacedWhen；seen；fromSeeing；from2形容词作伴随状语(1)单句语法填空The boy lay， (relax) on the sofa.After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home， (exhaust).【导学号：30892127】 (cheer)，efficient and warm­hearted，they will do everything to make your journey smooth and comfortable.(2)句式升级She suddenly appeared and seemed happy and satisfied. ，she suddenly appeared.(形容词作伴随状语)【答案】relaxedexhaustedCheerfulHappy and satisfied.课文语法填空根据P1718课文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。I went into the future because I 1. (win)a prize that gave me a tour.I 2. (suffer)from“time lag”when I left my own time.Wang Ping gave me some green tablets 3. could help me feel less nervous and uncertain.His 4. (parent)company, 5. (call)“Future Tours”，transported me safely into the future in a time capsule.The first thing I noticed 6. the poor quality of the air，so my head ached.And I found several 7. (thing)different：a mask to give me enough oxygen；a hovering carriage 8. (drive)by computer；a strange­looking house belonging to Wang Ping's parents.Here the trees acted 9. walls and provided oxygen for the room；a table，some chairs and a bed rose from under the floor as if 10. magic.【答案】1.had won2.suffered3.which4.parents'5.called6.was7.things8.driven9.as10.by.高考话题微写作根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成下面的小作文。1我对未来的生活感到非常乐观，到那时我们生存的环境将更加舒适美好。(optimistic；surroundings)2人们再也不会为缺乏能源而发愁，因为到那时，太阳能、风能、潮汐能已经得到充分利用，海水将取代石油转化成能源。(lack；switch)3家家都有机器人，机器人可以帮助人们打扫卫生、做饭、照看孩子等。(sweep up)4只需按一下开关，飞行汽车就可以飞往四面八方。(press)5这就是我们未来的生活。 【参考范文】I'm optimistic about life in the future.By that time the surroundings where we live will be more convenient and beautiful.People will not worry about lack of energy any longer because solar energy，wind energy and tidal energy will have been made full use of and sea water will be switched into energy as well，taking the place of oil.There will be robots in every family，which can help people sweep up the houses，cook meals，look after the babies and so on.Only by pressing a switch can hover cars fly in all directions.This is what our life will be like in the future.-