财政政策与货币政策的经济影响---英文.doc

Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date财政政策与货币政策的经济影响-英文The impact of fiscal policy and monetary policy on the economyThe impact of fiscal policy and monetary policy on the economyAcademy Economics and Management SchoolClass accounting 1 class Student ID 1319105015Name Xie Ze Hong DirectorIntroduction.3Keywords.31. the economic impact and implementation of fiscal policy and monetary policy3 1.1the economic impact and implementation of fiscal policy3 1. 2the economic impact and implementation of monetary policy.32. the economic role of the demand curve and the supply curve.3 3.the economic role of IS-LM model.44. conclusion4References.5The impact of fiscal policy and monetary policy on the economyIntroduction Fiscal policy and monetary policy is the primary means of regulating the economy, both of which make full use of the role of market mechanisms for economic intervention. They are the same as the target of macroeconomic policies in order to achieve full employment, price stability, sustainable and balanced economic growth and international balance of paymentsKeywords Economic Fiscal policy Monetary policy Market 1. the economic impact and implementation of fiscal policy and monetary policy 1.1the economic impact and implementation of fiscal policy Fiscal policy is the government tax and spending changes to affect aggregate demand and thus influence the policy of national income. Including expansionary fiscal policy and tight fiscal policy. Expansionary fiscal policy, the purpose of this policy is to eliminate or mitigate the recession, expansion of social employment, it can be purchased through the expansion of government spending to implement, can also be implemented by way of tax cuts, but also "two-pronged approach." The implementation of these policies can be either expanding social needs, but also indirectly expansion of private consumption and investment. Tight fiscal policies that directly or indirectly inhibits the increase in aggregate demand by reducing government spending or raising taxes to buy, or a combination of both, thus reducing inflationary pressures. 1.2the economic impact and implementation of monetary policy Means the central bank monetary policy by adjusting the money supply, causing indirectly affect the behavior of aggregate demand changes in interest rates. Monetary policy generally divided into expansionary monetary policy and tight monetary policy. The former is by increasing the money supply to boost aggregate demand growth. When the money supply increases, the interest rate will be reduced. Changes in interest rates will affect the investment demand, lower interest rates will reduce the loan interest paid by investors to reduce investment costs and increase return on investment, stimulate investors to increase investments; changes in interest rates will affect consumer demand, declining interest rates will encourage people to be more more consumption and reduce savings; changes in interest rates will affect the foreign demand, lower short-term interest rates will lead to outflow of foreign capital in the domestic foreign exchange market, reducing the supply of foreign currency exchange rates rise, the currency exchange rate to fall, which is conducive to the promotion of its exports increase reduce imports. Depression use expansionary monetary policy by increasing the money supply to boost the growth of aggregate demand, then lower interest rates will be much easier to obtain credit; use contractionary monetary policy when the economy expands, by reducing money supply growth to reduce aggregate demand level, because in this case, more difficult access to credit interest rate increases.2. the economic role of the demand curve and the supply curve By fiscal policy and monetary policy implications as well as the supply and demand curves. Western economics, the price and yield are determined by supply and demand curve, the demand curve in the quantity demanded decreases with the price increases, and vice versa reduction; supply curve, the supply will gradually increase with the number of price increases, and vice versa reduction . When an expansionary fiscal policy, which means an increase or reduction in government purchases, then affect the demand curve, the demand curve to another mobile (left); when tightening of fiscal policy, which means that government purchases reduction or tax increases, the demand curve shifts to the left. Monetary policy, expansionary monetary policy reduces the equilibrium interest rate established when the price level and stimulate investment, so that the demand curve shifts to the right, and vice versa tightening monetary policy so that the demand curve shifts to the left.pricepriceoutputoutputSupply curveDemand curve3.the economic role of IS-LM modelIS-LM model is a reflection of the relationship between interest rates and income curve, IS curve to reflect a balanced product markets (left), which is mainly affected by fiscal policy, expansionary fiscal policy shifts the IS curve to the right, and vice versa to the left; LM curve to reflect the balance of the money market (left), which mainly affected the currency market. Expansionary monetary policy shifts the LM curve to the right, and vice versa think left. The intersection of the IS curve and the LM curve is the money market and balanced product markets, namely the formation of IS-LM model (left). From the IS-LM model, the size of the effect of fiscal policy refers to government changes in the balance of payments refers to the government to make changes in the IS curve changes in the balance of payments impact on income generated by changes in the size of this effect, with the IS and LM curves slope of different and different. When the LM curve unchanged, IS curve steeper, the IS curve moves greater income changes, that the greater the effect of fiscal policy; the flatter the IS curve, the smaller the change in income IS curve moves, namely fiscal policy the effect of the smaller (e.g., middle). The effect of monetary policy refers to the impact of policy changes in money supply aggregate demand, assuming a larger increase in the money supply increased revenue to make the country name, the effect of monetary policy on the big (right), otherwise small. The effect of monetary policy also depends on the slope of the curve LM curve IS. When the IS curve unchanged, LM curve is flat, then move the LM curve, revenues increased very little, small mean effect of monetary policy; and LM steeper, more income, the effect of monetary policy is large.interestLMLMISinterestinterest(abrupt)(smooth)LMincomeGood resultsPoor resultsincomeincome4.conclusionAnd the Western mainstream Keynesian view that economic prosperity and recession over monetary policy and fiscal policy can be adjusted national income, in order to achieve full employment, price stability target to achieve stable economic growth, which is a powerful tool for economic regulation.References1 Principles of Economics: Microeconomics 6th Edition Volume / (US) Mankiw (Mankiw, NG) with; Liang Xiaomin, Liang gravel translation .- Beijing: Peking University Press, 2012.72 Principles of Economics: Macroeconomics 6th Edition Volume / (US) Mankiw (Mankiw, NG) with; Liang Xiaomin, Liang gravel translation .- Beijing: Peking University Press, 2012.73 Western Economics (Macro section) / high Hongye editor .5 version - Beijing: China Renmin University Press, 2010-