英语感叹句详解及练习..doc

精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除一、如何快速掌握感叹句？学会分析五种基本句型的句子成分是快速掌握感叹句的关键，陈述句变感叹句实际上就是句子成分位置的移动。She is smiling sweetly.How sweetly she is smiling!（移动状语）二、哪些句子成分可能会移动位置？通过对句子成分的分析我们就可以确定哪个句子成分需要挪动位置，一般说来含有形容词的名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语需要变动位置。位置可能会变动的句子成分：宾语、表语和状语。Mr Turner told us a funny story.What a funny story Mr Turner told us!（移动宾语含有形容词的名词短语）三、如何确定使用what还是使用how？当我们做句型变换或选择题时需要自己确定到底是用what还是用how，一般可以这样来确定：位于主语之前的是名词短语时用what，是形容词或副词短语时用how。但这种格式例外: how + adj. + a/ an + NWhat a cool bike you are riding!（a cool bike 名词短语）How fast he is riding!（fast 副词）How cool a bike you are riding!（how + adj. + a/ an +N）四、如何判断是否使用冠词、使用什么样的冠词？名词的复数形式和不可数名词之前不使用冠词，以元音音素开头的词语之前用an，以辅音音素开头的词语之前用a。What beautiful sunshine it is today!（sunshine 不可数名词）What a useful book this is!（useful 以辅音音素开头）What an old house that is!（old 以元音音素开头）五、感叹句有哪几种格式？简单地说是“两型七式”：两种句型是以what开头的句型和以how开头的句型，七种格式是 what + a + adj. + N+ S +V what + an + adj. +N +S +V what + adj. + N（不可数） + S +V what + adj. + N（可数名词复数形式）+ S+V how + adj.+ S +V how + adv. + S + V how + adj. + a/ an + N + S+VWhat exciting news it is!（what + adj. + N（可数名词复数形式）+ S + V结构）What good teachers they are!（what + adj. + N（可数名词复数形式）+ S+V结构）How warmly they are discussing!（how + adv. + S + V结构）How beautiful a picture it is！（how + adj. + a/ an + N + S + V 结构）六、以what开头的句型和以how开头的句型怎样进行转换？这两种句型之间的转换主要是指以下两种情况而言的:1.含有“a/ an + adj. + N ”结构的句子方法是把形容词单独抽出来放在名词短语的前面和how搭配使用。2.名词短语作主语而表语是形容词的句子方法是把主语当作“a/ an + adj. + N”结构的中心名词而用人称代词充当主语。What an expensive glass he broke! How expensive a glass he broke!How beautiful the birds are! what beautiful birds they are!（说明：N代表名词，未特别说明者代表可数名词的单数形式，S代表主语，V代表动词）七、在感叹句中哪些词语常常省略？常常省略的是充当主语的人称代词和动词be。What a naughty boy!（省略了he is）巩固练习一、选择题1._ delicious the dish is!A. What B. How C. What a2._ strange clothes he is wearing!A. What a B. What C. How a3._ an interesting subject it is!A. What B. How C. What an4._ foggy it was yesterday!A. What B. What a C. How5._ careless a boy you are!A. How B. What a C. What二、把下列的句子改为感叹句。（答案不唯一）1.A: Jill is drawing a beautiful picture.B: _2.A: Mr Wang is a busy man.B: _3.A: The cat is very happy.B: _4.A: The tractor is going very slowly.B: _5.A: He is very lucky.B: _6.A: It is a wet day today.B: _7.A: They started early.B: _8.A: They waited a long time.B: _9.A: He is wearing a large shirt.B: _10.A: The dolphin is playing happily.B: _KEY一、1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.A二、1.What a beautiful picture Jill is drawing!/ How beautiful a picture Jill is drawing!2.What a busy man Mr Wang is!/ How busy a man Mr Wang is !3.How happy the cat is!/ What a happy cat it is!4.How slowly the tractor is going!5.How lucky he is!6.What a wet day it is today!/ How wet a day it is today!7.How early they started!8.What a long time they waited!9.What a large shirt he is wearing!/ How large a shirt he is wearing!10.How happily the dolphin is playing!感叹句用于表示强烈的感情，常用what和how引出强调部分并放在句首。如下面的句子：1. What a nice house (it is!2. How beautiful the girl is!what修饰名词，how修饰形容词，但当名词前还有形容词时就容易判断错。如： beautiful flowers! 此句应用What来引导，但有的同学会错用How来引导。下面讲一个感叹句引导词的判断技巧。我们知道，感叹句也是句子，只不过把强调部分放在了句首。因此它也应该有主语和谓语，有时候主语和谓语被省略了，我们可以把主语和谓语补上。例如：What a lovely day! What a lovely day it is!What beautiful flowers! What beautiful flowers they are!What important news! What important news it is!How fast! How fast it goes! （不同情况下此句有不同主谓）How happy! How happy they are! （不同情况下此句有不同主谓）How beautiful the flowers are!How fast the boat is!仔细观察后你就会发现，在感叹句的主语前若还有名词存在时，要用What来引导；在感叹句的主语前若无名词时，则用How来引导。这就是感叹句引导词的判断技巧。但在“How +形容词+ a / an +名词单数+主谓！”中不可用What，因为此句中强调了形容词。例如：How naughty a boy your brother is!习题精选用What或How填空：1. a big tree it is!2. big the tree is!3. beautiful pictures!4. beautiful the pictures are!5. high the building is!6. big eyes she has!7. lovely the ice-cream is!8. lovely ice-cream!答案：1. What 2. How 3. What 4. How 5. How 6. What 7. How 8. What 感叹句通常用来表示快乐、痛苦、惊异等强烈的感情色彩,常见的有How和What开头的两种形式。How用于修饰形容词、副词或动词;What用于修饰名词。1. How + 形容词(副词+ 主语 + 谓语。例如:How beautiful the flower is!How fluently he speaks English!2. How修饰动词,构成"How + 主语 + 谓语"句式。例如:How the wind blows!3."How + 形容词(副词"(省略主语和谓语。原题再现-Guess what! I came across an old friend at the party last night.- _I'm sure you had a wonderful time.A. Sounds good! B. Very well. C. How nice! D. All right.答案: C4. What (a + 名词。例如:What fun!5. What (a +(形容词名词 + 主语 + 谓语。原题再现_from Beijing to London!A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is答案: D一、如何快速掌握感叹句？学会分析五种基本句型的句子成分是快速掌握感叹句的关键，陈述句变感叹句实际上就是句子成分位置的移动。例1 She is smiling sweetly.How sweetly she is smiling!（移动状语）二、哪些句子成分可能会移动位置？通过对句子成分的分析我们就可以确定哪个句子成分需要挪动位置，一般说来含有形容词的名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语需要变动位置。位置可能会变动的句子成分：宾语、表语和状语。例2 Mr Turner told us a funny story.What a funny story Mr Turner told us!（移动宾语含有形容词的名词短语）三、如何确定使用what还是使用how？当我们做句型变换或选择题时需要自己确定到底是用what还是用how，一般可以这样来确定：位于主语之前的是名词短语时用what，是形容词或副词短语时用how。但这种格式例外: how + adj. + a/ an + N例3 What a cool bike you are riding!（a cool bike 名词短语）例4 How fast he is riding!（fast 副词）例5 How cool a bike you are riding!（how + adj. + a/ an +N）四、如何判断是否使用冠词、使用什么样的冠词？名词的复数形式和不可数名词之前不使用冠词，以元音音素开头的词语之前用an，以辅音音素开头的词语之前用a。例6 What beautiful sunshine it is today!（sunshine 不可数名词）例7 What a useful book this is!（useful 以辅音音素开头）例8 What an old house that is!（old 以元音音素开头） 五、感叹句有哪几种格式？简单地说是“两型七式”：两种句型是以what开头的句型和以how开头的句型，七种格式是 what + a + adj. + N+ S +V what + an + adj. +N +S +V what + adj. + N（不可数） + S +V what + adj. + N（可数名词复数形式）+ S+V how + adj.+ S +V how + adv. + S + V how + adj. + a/ an + N + S+V例 What exciting news it is!（what + adj. + N（可数名词复数形式）+ S + V结构）例9 What good teachers they are!（what + adj. + N（可数名词复数形式）+S+V结构）例10 How warmly they are discussing!（how + adv. + S + V结构）例11 How beautiful a picture it is！（how + adj. + a/ an + N + S + V 结构）六、以what开头的句型和以how开头的句型怎样进行转换？这两种句型之间的转换主要是指以下两种情况而言的:含有“a/ an + adj. + N ”结构的句子方法是把形容词单独抽出来放在名词短语的前面和how搭配使用。名词短语作主语而表语是形容词的句子方法是把主语当作“a/ an + adj. + N”结构的中心名词而用人称代词充当主语。例12 What an expensive glass he broke! How expensive a glass he broke!例13 How beautiful the birds are! what beautiful birds they are!（说明：N代表名词，未特别说明者代表可数名词的单数形式，S代表主语，V代表动词）七、在感叹句中哪些词语常常省略？常常省略的是充当主语的人称代词和动词be。例14 What a naughty boy!（省略了he is）八、有什么巧妙的办法记住这些规律吗？以上的解释说明似乎很复杂，其实理清了思路、抓住了要领、掌握了规律并不是那么难的。为了便于同学们记忆我把以上规律编成了一段顺口溜，请同学们对照阅读。陈述句述事实，感叹句表感情。陈述变成感叹句，主谓系表先分清。宾语状语移句首，表语亦须打头阵。名词之前用what，形副之前how先行。复数名词无冠词，事先分析莫轻心。如果名词不可数，摒弃a, an不留情。冠词a, an要分明，清音辅音是标准。句子结构要完整，标点符号亦变更。总结规律进步快，编个歌诀给你听。巩固练习一、选择题 _ delicious the dish is!A. What B. How C. What a _ strange clothes he is wearing!A. What a B. What C. How a _ an interesting subject it is!A. What B. How C. What an _ foggy it was yesterday!A. What B. What a C. How _ careless a boy you are!A. How B. What a C. What二、把下列的句子改为感叹句。（答案不唯一） A: Jill is drawing a beautiful picture.B: _ A: Mr Wang is a busy man.B: _ A: The cat is very happy.B: _ A: The tractor is going very slowly.B: _ A: He is very lucky.B: _ A: It is a wet day today.B: _ A: They started early.B: _ A: They waited a long time.B: _ A: He is wearing a large shirt.B: _ A: The dolphin is playing happily.B: _KEY一、 B B C C A二、 What a beautiful picture Jill is drawing!/ How beautiful a picture Jillis drawing! What a busy man Mr Wang is!/ How busy a man Mr Wang is ! How happy the cat is!/ What a happy cat it is! How slowly the tractor is going! How lucky he is! What a wet day it is today!/ How wet a day it is today! How early they started! What a long time they waited! What a large shirt he is wearing!/ How large a shirt he is wearing! How happily the dolphin is playing!感叹句专练从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Hello,Zhu Hua.Ill have to return to Canada because Ive worked here for a year. !A.What time flies B.How time fliesC.What does time fly D.How does time fly2.! You should take this chance to attend it.A.How important conference is it B.How an important conference it isC.What an important conference is it&nb, sp; D.What an important conference it is3. What sport do you like best? Springboard diving(跳板跳水. to dive into water from high board!A.What a fun is it B.How fun it isC.How a fun is it D.What fun it is4.for us to surf(冲浪 on the sea in summer!A.What exciting is it B.How exciting is itC.What exciting it is D.How exciting it is5.he gave that we should take more exercise in our spare time!A.What a good advice B.How a good adviceC.What good advice D.How good advice6.We havent seen each other for many months.!A.What I missed you B.What did I miss youC.How I missed you D.How did I miss you7.it is for us to see that he does his work so well!A.What surprise B.How surpriseC.What a surprise D.How a surprise8.these ancient buildings in this city are!A.What perfectly protectedB.How perfect protectedC.How perfectly protectedD.What perfect protected感叹句专练参考答案及简析1.B。how time flieshow fast time flies“时间过得真快”。因为被感叹的部分是副词fast，因此感叹词用how，感叹句需用陈述语序。2.D。由于被感叹的部分是可数名词单数conference，所以感叹词用what，感叹句需用陈述语序。3.D。句子中fun是不可数名词，感叹词需要用what。4.D。形容词exciting前用感叹词how,感叹句用陈述语序。5.C。名词advice用感叹词what,advice是一个不可数名词。6.C。how修饰句子的谓语动词，句子表示“我是多么想念你啊！”7.C。surprise是一个抽象名词，通常作不可数名词，但这里说明某次具体情况，surprise可以用作可数名词，前面加不定冠词a (surprise没有复数形式。类似词有shame,pity等。8.C。句子中感叹句是英语的一种重要的句型，用来表示人的强烈感情。一般说来，感叹句是由what或how引导，句末用感叹号，朗读时用降调。它有两个类型，七种句式。一、用what引导的感叹句有三种句式，此时，what为形容词，用作定语，修饰它后面的名词或名词词组。1. What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！例如：What a nice day it is!多么好的天气啊!What an interesting book that is!那是一本多么有趣的书啊！2. What+形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语！例如：What beautiful flowers they are!多么美丽的花啊！What good teachers they are!他们是多么好的老师啊！3. What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！例如：What fine weather it is!多好的天气!二、用how引导的感叹句有四种句式，此时，how是副词，用作状语，修饰后面的形容词、副词或动词。4. How +形容词+主语+谓语！例如：How hot it is today!今天天气真热啊！How beautiful the flowers are!这些花多么美丽啊！5. How+副词+主语+谓语！例如：How fast he runs!他跑得多快啊!How hard they work!他们工作多么努力啊！6. How+主语+谓语！例如：How time flies!光阴似箭！How she dances!她跳舞跳得多好啊！7. How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！此句式可与句式1进行转换。例如：How old a building that is!(=What an old building that is!那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊！特别提示what或how引起的感叹句，在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。例如：What a good girl!多好的一个女孩子呀！How cold(it is!天气多冷呀！感叹句专项练习一、把下列句子变为感叹句:1. She runs quickly.2. It is a nice tie.3. This story-book is very interesting.4. Your bell is too loud.5. She dances so well.二、选词填空。（What / What a / What an / How ）1. _ nice girl she is !2. _ careful the boy is !3. _ beautiful flowers they are !4. _ delicious the food tastes !5. _ interesting film we will see !6. _ good news it is !7. _ the time flies !三、句型转换1. The students are listening to the teacher carefully .( 改为感叹句2. We had a good time in summer holidays .(改为感叹句3. The river is long . (改为感叹句，两种4. How nice the food is ! (改为同义句5. How well he swims ! (改为同义句6. What strong men they are ！(改为同义句四、单项选择( 1. _ fine the weather is !A. What a B. What C. How D. How a( 2. _ exciting film we saw yesterday !A. What a B. How a C. How an D. What an( 3. _ great fun they had !A. What a B. What C. How D. How a( 4. _ heavy rain it was !A. What a B. What C. How D. How a( 5. _ fun place to go Shanghai is !A. What a B. What C. How D. How a( 6. _ happy life the old live!A. What a B. What C. How D. How a( 7. _ nice fish they cooked !A. What a B. What C. How D. How a( 8. _ blue the sky is!A. What a B. What C. How D. How a( 9. _ dangerous the animals are !A. What a B. What C. How D. How a( 10. _ good time we are having ! A. What a B. What C. How D. How aperfectly protected相当于形容词作表语，因此感叹词用how【精品文档】第 17 页