初中主谓一致重难点考点用法讲解（PPT32张）.pptx
,主谓一致,Subject-verbAgreement,一、定义,谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致,二、三原则,语法一致原则(GrammaticalConcord),意义一致原则(NotionalConcord),就近一致原则(PrincipleofProximity),第一节,语法一致原则,定义,主语是单数形式，谓v.用单数形式主语是复数形式，谓v.用复数形式即:主单，谓单；主复，谓复找准主语是关键,(一)单个主语,单n.n不不定代词单个v-ing单个todo单个从句and表同意概念,谓单,典型例题：,1.Thereadingroom_is_veryquiet.(be)Thereadingrooms_is_veryquiet.(be)2.Climbinghills_is_ofgreathelptoourhealth.(be)Toreadbooks_is_myhobby.(be)而:Climbinghillsandreadingbooks_are_myhobbies.(be),典型例题：,3.Doingeyeexercises_is_goodforourhealth.(be)4.Whentoleave_havntdecided_(notdecide)yet.Whenandwheretosetupthecityfootballclub_is_(be)underdiscussion.而:Whathesaidandwhathedid_are_alwaysdifferent.(be),(二)就远原则,主语A,withincluding(包括)togetherwith(连同)alongwith(和.一起)aswellas(也)ratherthan(而不是)exceptlike(介)butnolessthan(和.一样),不起作用,谓v.,主语A定谓语v.,B,典型例题：,1.Theteacherwithhisstudents_has_(have)beentoNewYork.2.LiFanglikemanygirls_likes_(like)dancing.3.Ourknowledgeofcomputers_is_(be)growingallthetime.,(三)成双成对的词做主成双成对的词做主，谓v.用复数常见词:glasses,gloves,trousers,pants,scissors,socks,shoes,compassesMytrousers_are_new.(be)成双成对的词前若有单位词(apairof),谓v.的形式由单位词的单复决定,常见的单位词:apairof/asuitofThescissors_weremadein_Hangzhou-made.Thepairofscissors_wasmadein_Hangzhou-made.Thetwopairsofscissors_weremadein_Hangzhou-made.,(五),Plenty,Most,All,Some,分数,百分数,Alot/lots,Therest,Half,of+主语谓v.形式,定,典型例题：,1.Halfofhermoney_was_(be)spentonclothes.2.IhearonethirdofthebooksinWuhanLibrary_are_new.Letsborrowsome.(be)3.Mostofthedrinkingwater_are_fromtheBlackRiver.4.Thispairoftrousers_are_tooexpensiveformetobuy.5.Onethirdoftheforest_is_burntdownbythefarmers.,第二节,意义一致原则,定义,谓v.的单复数由主语所表达的意义决定主意单，谓单；主意复，谓复理解主语所表达的意义是关键,(一)不定代词作主，谓v.用单数(除了both/all/each),注1,all作主,all作主指人时，谓v.常用复数,all作主指事时，谓v.常用单数,All_(be)herebesidesyourheadteacher.All_(be)goingonwell.一切进展很顺利。,注2,each作主，谓v.用单但each位于复数主语后或句尾作同位语时，each不起作用,Theyeach_(have)beentotheGreatWall.We_(have)agiftofourowneach.,注3,each.andeach.及every.andevery.作主，谓v.用单,Everymanand(every)woman_(be)proudoftheirchild.,典型例题：,1.NobodybutJane_C_thesecret.(know)2.-Arethetwoanswerscorrect?-No,_correct.A.nooneisB.bothareC.neitherisD.eitherisnot,(二)以-s结尾的n.意义是单数，谓v.用单,1.抽象概念,news新闻，时间，距离,2.报名书名,theNewYorkTimes纽约时报theArabianNights一千零一夜,3.国名,theUnitedStates,4.科目,maths,physics(物理),politics(政治),典型例题：,1.-Howmuch_is_thepairofshoes?-Twentydollars_is_enough.(be)2.TheUnitedStates_is_(be)themostdevelopedcountryintheworld.3.TheNewYorkTimes_is_afamousAmericannewspaper.(be),(三)number的问题,Thenumberof,Anumberof,+n.复,".的数量","许多",意单，谓单,意复，谓复,典例,Inourschoollibrary,there_anumberofbooksonscienceandthenumberofthem_growinglargerandlarger.,(四)The+adj.作主,1.the+adj.表示一类人,theold,theyoung,thedeaf,theblind,theliving,thedead,therich,thepoor,theinjured,thewounded,2.the+国家/民族的名词.国人"谓v.用复",Theinjured_weresent_(send)tothehospital.Thenew_istaking_(take)theplaceoftheold.TheEnglish_like_(like)tostaywiththeirfamiliesatChristmas.,但:Thebeautiful_(give)pleasuretoallofus.,表示一种抽象概念/品质,"谓v.用单",(五)算式:加，减，乘，除做主，常用单数,Fiveandfive_ten.Fivetimessix_thirty.Fifteenminusfive_ten.Fifteendividedbyfive_three.,(六)and连接的主语是一个人/物还是？,TheAandB一个人/物;"谓单"TheAandTheB两个人/物;"谓复",and连接表示同一概念的常有:ahorseandcart马车;aknifeandfork马车；awatchandchain手表；breadandbutter黄油面包,Thesingeranddancer_(invite)totheparty.Thesingerandthedancer_(invite)totheparty.Thewriterandteacher_(have)come.Thewriterandtheteacher_(have)come.对比：Fishandchips_(have)alwaysbeenafavouritedishinBritain.Potatochips_bymistakein1987.,(七)集体名词作主,1.群体n.,people,cattle,police作主"谓v.用复",2.集体n.,强调整体谓v.用单强调成员谓v.用复,audience,army,class,company,crowd,enemy,family,group,goverment,public,population,team,典型例题：,1.Myfamily_is_alargeoneandthewholefamily_are_footballlovers.(be)2.ThepopulationofChina_is_verylargeandmostofpopulationarefamers.3.HereisaphotoofMr.Shutes.Hisfamily_A_infrontofEiffelTower.A.wereB.areC.wasD.is,典型例题：,4.Thepolice_B_forthethievesinourvillagenow.A.issearchingB.aresearchingC.issearchedD.aresearched5.Manycattleyourfatherisraisingnow_C_keptonthefarm.A.isB.wasC.areD.were,第三节,就近原则,而,定谓v,TherebeAandBAorBAandB,定谓v.,定谓v.,定谓v.,EitherAorBNeitherAnorBNotonlyAbutalsoBNotAbutB,典型例题：,1.Totellthetruth,notonlyyoubutalsoshe_B_givenawayallthepocketmoneytoProjectHope.A.haveB.hasC.areD.is2.EitherTomorshe_C_goingtothepartynextweek.Oneofthemmuststayathome.A.areB.wasC.is,典型例题：,3.NotonlymybrotherbutalsoI_B_goodatpainting.Bothofus_goodpainters.A.are;areB.am;areC.is;isD.are;is4._B_Tom_MaryspeaksgoodChinese,sotheycancommunicatewiththeseChinesestudentsverywell.A.Neither;norB.Notonly;butalsoC.Both;andD.Either;or,典型例题：,5.NotonlyyoubutalsoI_A_tirednow.A.amB.areC.wereD.was6.Notonlyhebutalsowe_C_right,thatistosay,heaswellaswe_right.A.are;areB.is;isC.are;isD.is;are,Practice：,1.Awomanwithtwochildren_A_alongthestreetatthemoment.A.iswalkingB.arewalkingC.walkD.walks2.There_B_someflowersontheteachersdeskjustnow,butnowthere_nothinginit.A.have;hasB.were;wasC.were;isD.has;has3._D_ofthemhashisownopinion.Sotheyneveragreewitheachother.A.BothB.SomeC.EveryD.Each,Practice：,4.Twothirdsofthepeopleinthisvillage_D_verypoorinthepast.A.isB.areC.wasD.were5.Alargenumberofstudents_B_toworkinChongqingsincetheyleftschool.A.hasgoneB.havegoneC.goesD.has6.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn_C_therewhenthefilmbegan.A.isB.areC.wasD.were,课程回顾新课预知,
