老托福浏览试题及答案：PASSAGE16.docx

老托福浏览试题及答案：PASSAGE16老托福浏览试题及答案：PASSAGE16为了帮助大家备考托福浏览，提高成绩，下面我给大家带来老托福浏览真题及答案:passage16，希望大家喜欢!老托福浏览试题及答案：PASSAGE16Thefirstflyingvertebratesweretruereptilesinwhichoneofthefingersofthefrontlimbsbecameveryelongated,providingsupportforaflapofstretchedskinthatservedasawing.Thesewerethepterosaurs,literallythewingedlizards.TheearliestpterosaursaroseneartheendoftheTriassicperiodoftheMesozoicEra,some70millionyearsbeforethefirstknownfossilsoftruebirdsoccur,andtheypresumablydominatedtheskiesuntiltheywereeventuallydisplacedbybirds.Likethedinosaurs,somethepterosaursbecamegigantic;thelargestfossildiscoveredisofanindividualthathadawingspanof50feetormore,largerthanmanyairplanes.Theseflyingreptileshadlarge,tooth-filledjaws,buttheirbodiesweresmallandprobablywithoutthenecessarypowerfulmusclesforsustainedwingmovement.Theymusthavebeenexpertgliders,notskillfulfliers,relyingonwindpowerfortheirlocomotion.Birds,despitesharingcommonreptilianancestorswithpterosaurs,evolvedquiteseparatelyandhavebeenmuchmoresuccessfulintheirdominanceoftheair.Theyareanexampleofacommonthemeinevolution,themoreorlessparalleldevelopmentofdifferenttypesofbodystructureandfunctionforthesamereasoninthiscase,forflight.Althoughthefossilrecord,asalways,isnotcompleteenoughtodeterminedefinitivelytheevolutionarylineageofthebirdsorinasmuchdetailasonewouldlike,itisbetterinthiscasethanformanyotheranimalgroups.ThatisbecauseoftheunusualpreservationinalimestonequarryinsouthernGermanyofArchaeopteryx,afossilthatmanyhavecalledthelinkbetweendinosaursandbirds.Indeed,haditnotbeenforthesuperbpreservationofthesefossils,theymightwellhavebeenclassifiedasdinosaurs.Theyhavetheskullandteethofareptileaswellasabonytail,butintheline-grainedlimestoneinwhichthesefossilsoccurtherearedelicateimpressionsoffeathersandfinedetailsofbonestructurethatmakeitclearthatArchaeopteryxwasabird.Allbirdslivingtoday,fromthegreatcondorsoftheAndestothetiniestwrens,tracetheiroriginbacktotheMesozoicdinosaurs.1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?(A)Characteristicsofpterosaurwings(B)ThediscoveryoffossilremainsofArchaeopteryx(C)Reasonsfortheextinctionofearlyflyingvertebrates(D)Thedevelopmentofflightinreptilesandbirds2.Whichofthefollowingistrueofearlyreptilewings?(A)Theyevolvedfromstronglimbmuscles.(B)Theyconsistedofanextensionofskin.(C)Theyconnectedthefrontandbacklimbs.(D)Theyrequiredfingersofequallength.3.Thewordliterallyinline3isclosestinmeaningto(A)creating(B)meaning(C)relatedto(D)simplified4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatbirdswereprobablydominantintheskies(A)intheearlyTriassicperiod(B)beforetheappearanceofpterosaurs(C)afterthedeclineofpterosaurs(D)beforedinosaurscouldbefoundonland.5.Theauthormentionsairplanesinline8inorderto(A)illustratethesizeofwingspansinsomepterosaurs(B)comparetheenergyneedsofdinosaurswiththoseofmodernmachines(C)demonstratethedifferencesbetweenmechanizedflightandanimalflight(D)establishthepracticalapplicationsofthestudyoffossils6.ThewordTheyinline10refersto(A)powerfulmuscles(B)bodies(C)jaws(D)flyingreptiles7.Accordingtothepassage,pterosaurswereprobablynotskillfulfliers(lines10-11)because(A)oftheirlimitedwingspan(B)oftheirdisproportionatelylargebodies(C)theylackedmusclesneededforextendedflight(D)climateconditionsofthetimeprovidedinsufficientwindpower8.Inparagraph2,theauthordiscussesthedevelopmentofflightinbirdsasresultingfrom(A)asimilarityinbodystructuretopterosaurs(B)anevolutionfrompterosaurs(C)thedominanceofbirdsandpterosaursoverlandanimals(D)aseparatebutparalleldevelopmentprocesstothatofpterosaurs9.Thewordclassifiedinline21isclosestinmeaningto(A)perfected(B)replaced(C)categorized(D)protected10.WhichofthefollowinghelpedresearchersdeterminethatArchaeopteryxwasnotadinosaur?(A)Itstail(B)Itsteeth(C)Theshapeofitsskull(D)Detailsofitsbonestructure11.WhatisthesignificanceofthediscoverythatwasmadeinsouthernGermany?(A)Itisthoughttodemonstratethatbirdsevolvedfromdinosaurs.(B)ItisproofthattheclimateandsoilsofEuropehavechangedovertime.(C)Itsuggeststhatdinosaursweredominantinareasrichinlimestone.(D)ItsupportsthetheorythatArchaeopteryxwasapowerfuldinosaur.正确答案：DBBCADCDCDA托福浏览的实用技巧整理首先，无论什么技巧都必需要有基本的单词量做基础。没人喜欢背单词，但是只要有足够的单词量才能应对托福浏览中的各种层出不穷的问题。用的是谁的单词书其实没有多大分别，你只要认认真真的把一本单词书背个70%，那也就差不多了，托福浏览的主要考察对象不是单词，只是透过单词来表达一种意思，只要你能猜出来这种意思并且在这个基础上把题答对，那么，对少单词都不是问题。其次，对于难句长句的理解。还是要明白大意就好，但是要能够根据大意准确定位找到答案。大家能够专门找些难句和长句来进行有针对性的练习。把那些句子反复读，反复看，看上十几遍，觉得很通畅、觉得句子写得很好本人以后也要这么写了才算好。速度慢不是问题，但是坚持下来，大家对难句和长句的理解能力就好冥想提高。再次，大家在专门练习托福浏览题的时候，还是多看看OG，OG是非常有指向性的，而且那上面讲的一些小技巧还是不错的。Delta上的题目要难一些，主要是有一些题目需要考生进行引申、做一些文学上的理解，当然这些在托福中是不会出现的。所以做题的时候不要想得太复杂，第一感觉是什么就选什么，很有效。托福浏览词汇的积累练习mores风俗，习惯submit屈服;提交;主张，以为backfire产生反效果;逆火speculate揣测;思考;投机(venture)wield行使(权利);挥舞(宝剑)recreation再创造;消遣，娱乐peer同等人，同辈人;凝视project预测;凸出;投掷，发射;计划mitigate减轻，缓和negate否认familial家庭的vain无用的，虚荣的vein面纱;掩饰boundn.范围v.跳跃;以为界;bind的过去式和过去分词beboundtodo必定，一定rationale基本原理，论据launch开场，发动;发射supplant=inplaceof代替retain保留statusquo现状downplay低估，贬低radical词根，激进分子;根本的;激进的conviction信念;定罪credit功绩，声望，信任appealto求助于gloss掩饰;使有光泽explainaway搪塞，把解释过去complementary补充的complimentary称赞的，问候的indefensible站不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